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AP Unit 3 Review Flashcards

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5640105350natural born citizena person that is born in a country and does not require any special process to be a citizen0
5640130415nomineea person selected to represent a political party in a general election1
5640130416primaryan election in which voters select a party nominee2
5640130417caucusa meeting during which party members discuss and debate their choices for their party's nomination3
5640132973delegatesparty members who are pledged to vote for a particular candidate based on the results of their home states' primary results4
5640132974superdelegatesDemocratic officials who may cast a vote for any candidate at the convention5
5640132975national conventionparty meeting during which candidates are nominated and platforms are ratified6
5640132976convention bumpan increase in poll averages following a national convention7
5640135897general electionan election in which voters select an officeholder8
564013589812th Amendmentallows for the presidential and vice presidential candidates to run on a single ticket9
5640138949electoral collegesystem employed by the United States to formally elect the president10
5640138950electora person with the power to cast one of the 538 electoral votes for president11
5640138951popular votethe number of citizens that cast a ballot for a candidate in an election12
5640143758safe statestates that reliably support one party in presidential elections13
5640143759swing statestates that do not reliably support one party in presidential elections14
5640143760political partyorganization that sponsors candidates for office under its name.15
5640143761two-party systempolitical system in which two major political parties compete for control of the government16
5640148787third partya group, aside from Democrats and Republicans, attempting to win elections17
5640148788single member districtscongressional districts represented by one person in the legislature18
5640148789party basethe core members of a political party19
5640152012pivoting to the generalhighlighting more moderate parts of platforms to appeal to wider electorate20
5640152013framing opponentsCreate cohesive narrative for electorate about other party's nominee21
5640152014critical electionan election that redefines the agendas of political parties and/or the alignment of voters within parties22
5640152015hard moneycontributions directly to a candidate23
5640154997soft moneyunregulated contributions to parties for "party building activities"24
5640154998political action committeesorganizations established by businesses, unions, and interest groups to channel money into political campaigns25
5640154999Super PACsa PAC whose primary purpose is to influence can take unlimited amounts of money, but cannot coordinate with candidate26
5640157818Buckley v. ValeoSCOTUS case that first establishes that money = speech; says that candidates can spend unlimited amounts of personal funds on campaigns27
5640157819McCain-Feingoldprohibits spending of soft money too close to an election; includes the "stand by your ad" provision28
5640157820Citizens United v. FECSCOTUS case that lifted limits on groups' campaign expenditures; created Super PACS29
5640161306public interest groupa group that seeks to institute certain policies that benefit citizens30
5640161307labor unionorganization of workers who share the same occupation31
5640161308trade associationinterest group focused on a particular business or industry32
5640161309informingpresenting information to the public and elected officials about issues that matter to the group33
5640161310donatinggiving money to political campaigns or PACs34
5640163918endorsementsupporting a candidate for office and suggesting that the group's members vote for him or her35
5640163919litigationinitiating legal action, most often civil36
5640163920mobilizationorganizing a group of people to take collective action37

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