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AP US History Flashcards

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10333865420Columbian Exchangethe transfer of plants, animals, and disease between the American and Europe, Asia and Africa0
10333865421John Rolfemarried Pocahontas and started the planting of tobacco in Jamestown1
10333865422Hernan CortesSpanish conquistador who defeated the Aztecs and conquered Mexico (1485-1547)2
10333865487Peter Stuyvesantleader of the Dutch colony New Netherland3
10333865423John Winthrop Jr.First American member of the Royal Society of London4
10333865424Thomas HookerFounder of Connecticut5
10333865425Henry HudsonExplored water around New York City, Hudson Bay & Hudson River.6
10333865426William PennEnglishman and Quaker who founded the colony of Pennsylvania (1644-1718)7
10333865427William BradfordGovernor of Plymouth Colony8
10333865428Samuel de ChamplainFrench explorer in Nova Scotia who established a settlement on the site of modern Quebec (1567-1635)9
10333865429Dutch West India CompanyDutch investment company formed in 1621 to develop colonies for the Netherlands in North America10
10333865430MayflowerThe ship that brought the Pilgrims to America11
10333865431VoyageursAn adventurer who journeyed by canoe from Montréal to the interior to trade with Indians for furs.12
10333865432Lord BaltimoreCatholic owner of the colony of Maryland13
10333865433QuebecFirst permanent French settlement in North America, founded by Samuel de Champlain14
10333865434HuguenotsFrench Protestants influenced by John Calvin15
10333865435ConquistadorsSpanish conquerors16
10333865436Glorious Revolutionthe overthrow of King James II of England17
10333865437Enclosurethe process of taking over and consolidating land formerly shared by peasant farmers18
10333865438Proprietoran owner of a store or other business19
10333865439FranchiseThe right to vote20
10333865440YeomenOwners of small farms, that did not own slaves21
10333865441Massachusetts Bay CompanyA group of wealthy Puritans who were granted a royal charter in 1629 to settle in Massachusetts Bay22
10333865442Indentured ServitudeAn agreement to exchange labor for travel expenses an/or job training for a certain amount of time23
10333865443joint-stock companyA company in which investors buy stock in the company in return for a share of its future profits24
10333865444Virginia CompanyJoint-stock company that established the first permanent English colony (Jamestown) in the Americas.25
10333865445Christopher ColumbusHe mistakenly discovered the Americas in 1492 while searching for a faster route to India.26
10333865446John SmithEnglish explorer who helped found the colony at Jamestown, Virginia27
10333865447PilgrimsEnglish Puritans who founded Plymouth colony in 162028
10333865448Lord BaltimoreCatholic owner of the colony of Maryland29
10333865449Walter RaleighEnglishman who sponsored the failed attempt to establish an English colony at Roanoke.30
10333865450Bartolome de Las CasasDominican priest who spoke out against mistreatment of Native Americans31
10333865451James OglethorpeFounder of the Georgia Colony32
10333865452AcadiansFrench residents of Nova Scotia expelled by the British.33
10333865453squattersomeone who settles on land without right or title34
10333865454MestizoA person of mixed Spanish and Native American ancestry.35
10333865455Great Puritan MigrationMass flight by religious dissidents from the persecutions of Archbishop Laud and Charles I36
10333865456Middle Passagethe voyage that brought enslaved Africans to the West Indies and later to North America37
10333865457Headright SystemIt was used as a way to attract new settlers to the region and address the labor shortage38
10333865458Paxton BoysA mob of Pennsylvania frontiersmen led by the Paxtons who massacred a group of non-hostile Indians.39
10333865459Separatistssub-group of the Puritans who vowed to break completely with the Church of England40
10333865460John CalvinProtestant reformer who believed in predestination41
10333865461Old Lights vs. New LightsThe Congregationalists split, the old who didn't want to reform and the new who did reform.42
10333865462the "elect"Calvinist term that means those who had been destined for eternal bliss.43
10333865463Protestant ReformationA split in the church caused by corruption in the church44
10333865464Halfway CovenantOffered partial membership rights to people who have not yet converted.45
10333865465Anne HutchinsonAmerican colonist (born in England) who was banished from Boston for her religious views (1591-1643)46
10333865466John Cotton/John WinthropPuritan preachers in the Mass. Bay, believed in the calling to do God's work on Earth47
10333865467Visible Saintsaccording to Puritans, only these individuals should be admitted to church membership48
10333865468CovenantAn agreement49
10333865469ConversionWhen your life is changed by giving yourself to God50
10333865470PredestinationCalvin's religious theory that God has already planned out a person's life.51
10333865471AntinomianismThe idea that faith alone, not deeds, is necessary for salvation.52
10333865472QuakersProtestant reformers who believe in the equality of all people53
10333865473CalvinismReligious teachings based on the ideas of the reformer John Calvin54
10333865474PuritansProtestants in England inspired by Calvinist ideas55
10333865475Protestant EthicThe work ethic the Puritans lived by, all work and no play.56
10333865476Institutes of the Christian ReligionThis was the work by John Calvin that described to the world the ideology of John Calvin57
10333865477JeremiadsNew form of sermon at Puritan pulpit that scolded parishioners from their waning piety.58
10333865478The Great AwakeningA revival of religious feeling in the American colonies during the 1730s and 1750s59
10333865479Johnathan EdwardsHelped start great awakening and wrote sinners in the hands of an angry god60
10333865480George WhitefieldCredited with starting the Great Awakening, also a leader of the "New Lights."61
10333865481Phyllis Wheatleyfirst African american poet, sold into slavery, raised and educated in her family, household servant62
10333865482John Peter ZengerNew York publisher who was taken to court for criticizing the governor of New York63
10333865483CrevecoeurThe man who believed that "Americans" have risen out of an ethnically mixed breed.64
10333865484Dominion of New EnglandA huge colony formed by the King of England, which included land from southern Maine to New Jersey65
10333865485Royal Charterused to establish colonies under the control of the crown66
10333865486Spanish ArmadaLarge fleet of ships sent to invade England and restore Catholicism67
10335675788King Phillip's War1675-1676 Native American uprising against the Puritan colonies68
10335675789Queen Anne's WarAmerican phase (1702-1713) of Europe's War of the Spanish Succession69
10335675790King William's War(1689-1697) First conflict between French settlers and British (American) colonists.70
10335675791PrimogenitureA system of inheritance in which the eldest son in a family received all of his father's land.71
10335675792Maryland Act of TolerationA law mandating religious tolerance for all forms of Christianity in Maryland72
10335675793House of BurgessesElected assembly in colonial Virginia, created in 1618.73
10335675794Fundamental Orders1639, constitution of Connecticut in which the regime was democratically controlled by citizens74
10335675795Navigation Lawslaws that restricted American trade with other countries75
10335675796Mayflower CompactA legal contract in which they agreed to have fair laws to protect the general good76
10335675797Bible Commonwealthname for the Massachusetts Bay colony that refers to its tax supported churches and visible saints.77
10335675798New England Confederationthe first significant attempt at political unity among the colonies78
10335675799General CourtRepresentative assembly of Massachusetts Bay79
10335675800Bacon's Rebellioncolonial rebellion against the governor of Virginia80
10335675801Regulator MovementCitizens of rural South Carolina organized to combat lawlessness in the Up Country81
10335675802Molasses ActAttempt by British authorities to squelch colonial trade with French West Indies82
10335675803Edict of Nantesdocument that granted religious freedom to the Huguenots83
10335675804War of Jenkin's Ear(1739) Small scale clash between Britain and Spain in the Caribbean and Georgia.84

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