10471039298 | John Locke | Enlightenment philosopher who advocated Social Contract and natural rights | 0 | |
10471039299 | Thomas Paine | Advocated for independence from England in "Common Sense" | 1 | |
10471039300 | Benjamin Franklin | Helped convince the King of France to give military assistance to the colonies during Revolutionary War | 2 | |
10471039301 | George Mason | Anti-federalist in Virginia who opposed Constitution because it had no Bill of Rights | 3 | |
10471039302 | Alexander Hamilton | Key figure in forming first Federalist Party; wanted to create a National Bank | 4 | |
10471039303 | John Marshall | Chief Justice of the Supreme Court who established judicial review in Marbury v. Madison | 5 | |
10471039304 | Lewis and Clark | Hired by Jefferson to explore the territory acquired by the Louisiana Purchase | 6 | |
10471039305 | Sacajawea | Hired to serve as a guide and translator for the Lewis and Clark Expedition | 7 | |
10471039306 | Eli Whitney | Invented cotton gin; helped extend slavery | 8 | |
10471039307 | Frederick Douglass | Former slave and abolitionist who helped convince Lincoln to use Black troops in the Civil War; worked for equal rights for African-Americans | 9 | |
10471039308 | Henry Clay | Senator who authored the Missouri Compromise and the Compromise of 1850 | 10 | |
10471039309 | William Lloyd Garrison | Abolitionist who published "The Liberator" advocating an immediate end to slavery | 11 | |
10471039310 | Harriet Beecher Stowe | Helped raise anti-slavery feelings in the North by writing "Uncle Tom's Cabin" | 12 | |
10471039311 | Robert E. Lee | Commander of the Confederate Forces during the Civil War; became President of Washington College | 13 | |
10471039312 | Elizabeth Cady Stanton | Worked with Susan B. Anthony to extend suffrage (the right to vote) to women | 14 | |
10471039313 | Susan B. Anthony | Worked to extend suffrage (the right to vote) to women before and after the Civil War | 15 | |
10471039314 | Henry Ford | Worked to increase production by using an assembly line for my automobiles | 16 | |
10471039315 | Andrew Carnegie | Industrial leader who made riches in the steel industry | 17 | |
10471039316 | J.P. Morgan | Industrial leader who made riches in banking and finance | 18 | |
10471039317 | John D. Rockefeller | Industrial leader who made riches in the oil business | 19 | |
10471039318 | Cornelius Vanderbilt | Industrial leader who dominated the railroads | 20 | |
10471039319 | Ida B. Wells | Civil rights leader who worked to push Congress to pass federal anti-lynching laws | 21 | |
10471039320 | Booker T. Washington | Civil rights leader who advocated technical education for Blacks to achieve economic opportunity, then to seek equality | 22 | |
10471039321 | W.E.B. DuBois | Founders of the NAACP; advocated for immediate equality for Black people and professional education | 23 | |
10471039322 | Samuel Gompers | Helped to organize labor by serving as a leader in the American Federation of Labor | 24 | |
10471039323 | Eugene V. Debs | Helped to organize labor by organizing the American Railway Union and leading a violent strike | 25 | |
10471039324 | John Hay | Secretary of State who demanded equal trading rights in China (my Open Door Policy) | 26 | |
10471039325 | Rosie the Riveter | Represented all working women during World War II | 27 | |
10471039326 | Adolf Hitler | Nazi dictator in Germany who started WWII; gave the Final Solution (genocide) for the Jews in Europe | 28 | |
10471039327 | Julius & Ethel Rosenberg | Caught and convicted of selling atomic secrets to the Soviets; increased the "Red Scare" | 29 | |
10471039328 | Fidel Castro | Led the communist revolution in Cuba | 30 | |
10471039329 | Joseph McCarthy | Most notorious communist hunter in Congress; made accusations with little or no real evidence | 31 | |
10471039330 | Richard Nixon | President who visited China during the Cold War; better known for Watergate Scandal | 32 | |
10471039331 | Mikhail Gorbachev | Soviet Premier who policies of reform in the Soviet Union helped to bring down that system | 33 | |
10471039332 | Thurgood Marshall | NAACP lawyer who successfully argued against segregation in public schools in the 1950's | 34 | |
10471039333 | Oliver Hill | NAACP lawyer who worked against school segregation in VA | 35 | |
10471039334 | Martin Luther King Jr. | Non-violent civil rights leader of the 50's and 60's, organizing boycotts and marches | 36 | |
10471039335 | Sandra Day O'Conner | First woman to sit on the Supreme Court | 37 | |
10471039336 | Ruth Bader Ginsberg | Liberal judge, appointed to the Supreme Court by Bill Clinton, and help represent women on the bench | 38 | |
10471039337 | Clarence Thomas | Conservative judge, appointed to the Supreme Court by George H.W. Bush, and help represent minorities on the bench | 39 | |
10471039338 | Sally Ride | First American woman astronaut in space | 40 | |
10471039339 | John Glenn | First American in space | 41 | |
10471039340 | Neil Armstrong | First person to set foot on the moon | 42 | |
10471039341 | George Washington | Leader of the Continental Army during the Revolutionary War; served as president of the Constitutional Convention and was the first president of the United States | 43 | |
10471039342 | John Adams | Leaders of the Federalist Party and the first vice-president of the United States (and the 2nd president) | 44 | |
10471039343 | Thomas Jefferson | Wrote Declaration of Independence and as president bought the Louisiana Purchase (the territory west of the Mississippi River) from France | 45 | |
10471039344 | James Madison | Father of the Constitution; authored VA Plan for government and Bill of Rights | 46 | |
10471039345 | James Monroe | President who came up with the Monroe Doctrine, which stated that the American continents were off limits to Europeans | 47 | |
10471039346 | Andrew Jackson | Worked to extend democracy as president; known for causing economic collapse due to destruction of National Bank | 48 | |
10471039347 | Abraham Lincoln | As president, was willing to go to war with the Confederacy to restore the Union; issued the Emancipation Proclamation | 49 | |
10471039348 | Ulysses S. Grant | Commander of the Union Army in the Civil War; served as President during most of the Reconstruction years | 50 | |
10471039349 | Andrew Johnson | Conflict with Congress over Reconstruction policies after the Civil War led to him being the first impeached president | 51 | |
10471039350 | Theodore Roosevelt | Both a Progressive and Imperialist President, associated with the "Square Deal" and the Panama Canal | 52 | |
10471039351 | Woodrow Wilson | As a Progressive, pressed for "New Freedom" programs; wrote the 14 Points for a lasting peace after WWI | 53 | |
10471039352 | Franklin D. Roosevelt (FDR) | Associated with the New Deal programs of the Depression, and asking Congress to declare war on Japan after the Pearl Harbor attacks | 54 | |
10471039353 | Harry Truman | President who made the decision to drop the atomic bombs on Japan to bring a quick end to WWII | 55 | |
10471039354 | Dwight D. Eisenhower | American general who was in charge of the D-Day invasion, and later served 2 terms as president | 56 | |
10471039355 | John F. Kennedy | Before being assassinated, he pledged to win the "race to the moon" and worked to contain communism as president | 57 | |
10471039356 | Lyndon B. Johnson | Wanted to establish a "Great Society" as president; more known for escalating the war in Vietnam | 58 | |
10471039357 | Ronald Reagan | President whose policies of defense spending put pressure on the Soviet Union to collapse; advocated shrinking the size of the national government and returning power to the states | 59 | |
10471039358 | George H.W. Bush | President who was in office as Germany reunited while the Soviet Union and Yugoslavia split apart; pressed for the Persian Gulf War as a means to liberate Kuwait after it was taken over by Iraq | 60 | |
10471039359 | Bill Clinton | President associated with lifting sanctions against South Africa, granting full diplomatic relations with Vietnam, NAFTA, and sending American troops into former Yugoslavia to stop civil war and atrocities | 61 | |
10471039360 | George W. Bush | President who was in office during the 9/11 terrorist attacks; pressed for military action in Iraq and Afghanistan | 62 |
AP US History Important People Review Flashcards
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