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AP US History Midterm Flashcards

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576718446554 millionThe population of the Americas in 1492, when the Europeans arrived0
5767184466Very badThe best description of the treatment of Native Americans by the Conquistadors1
5767184467JamestownThe settlement founded in the early 1600s that was the most consequential for the future United States2
5767184468exporting agricultural; tobacco; rice; slavery; cities; religiousThe 4 major characteristics of the southern plantation colonies by 1750 were a devotion to _________ ____________ products (mainly _______ and ____), _______, slow growth of ______, and _________ toleration3
5767184469freedom of religionRoger Williams, the founder of Rhode Island, established complete _______ __ ________.4
5767184470fairThe best description of Indian policy in early Pennsylvania was ____.5
5767184471SouthThe physical and social conditions of slavery were the harshest in the _____.6
5767184472Puritan Congregational Church Town MeetingThomas Jefferson described the _______ ______________ ______ ____ _______ (New Engand) as the best school of political liberty the world ever saw.7
5767184473South CarolinaIn 1760, fearful of heavy concentrations of slaves, which colonial legislature unsuccessfully sought to halt the importation of slaves?8
5767184474Anglican; CongregationalIn 1775, the ________ and ______________ churches were the only established (tax-supported) churches in colonial America.9
5767184475Ohio River ValleyThe clash between Britain and France for control of North America began with a fight over the ____ _____ ______.10
5767184476fairly; eruption; uprising; settlingThe Proclamation of 1763 designed to work out the Indian problem ______ and prevent another bloody ________ like Pontiac's ________ and to keep the colonists from ____.11
5767184477looselyThe Navigation Laws were _______ enforced in the colonies before 1763.12
5767184478Boston PortThe most drastic measure of the Intolerable Acts was the ______ ____ Act.13
5767184479August; 1775King George III officially declared the colonies in rebellion in ______ of ____ (after the Battle of Bunker Hill)14
5767184480neutralWhen it came to supporting the Revolution, most colonists were _______.15
5767184481House of RepresentativesWhat was the 1 branch of the government directly elected by the people?16
5767184482LegislativeAnti-federalists thought the sovereignty of the people resided in which branch of the central government?17
5767184483No Bill of RightsWhat was a major criticism of the Constitution, drafted in Philadelphia?18
5767184484protective tariffsThe aspect of Hamilton's financial program that received the least support in Congress was __________ _______.19
5767184485House of RepresentativesThomas Jefferson won the popular and electoral vote, a strange deadlock led to the election being decided where?20
5767184486federal power; interestsJohn Marshall helped ensure an increase of _______ _____ and _________ as chief justice of the United States.21
5767184487disunityThe War of 1812 was one of the worst fought wars in the United States History because of its widespread ________.22
5767184488American industryThe Tariff of 1816 was so important because it aimed to protect ________ ________.23
5767184489electoral votes; RepublicanThe House of Representative decided the 1824 election because no one won the most _________ _____ and there were 4 __________ candidates.24
5767184490southwestMost early American settlers in Texas came from the __________.25
5767184491potato famineThe overwhelming event in Ireland in the 1840s was the ______ ______.26
5767184492Erie CanalWhat began the canal era of American History?27
5767184493women('s) rights; feminization; religionThe main effects of the Second Great Awakening were _____'s ______ movements and the ____________ of ________.28
5767184494Mormon ReligionOriginated in New York, original prophet was Joseph Smith, Utah, Book of Mormon, Brigham Young, polygamy are all related to the ______ ________.29
5767184495Harriet Beecher StoweWho wrote Uncle Tom's Cabin?30
5767184496mountain whitesThe ________ ______ were the most pro-Union white southerners.31
5767184497Texas; CaliforniaThe Treaty of Guadalupe-Hidalgo, which ended the Mexican War, confirmed the American title to _____ and __________.32
5767184498Mexican CessionThe largest single addition to American territory was the _______ _______.33
5767184499vote; territoryWith "Popular Sovereignty", the question of slavery in the territories was to be settled by the ____ of the people in any given __________.34
5767184500gold; CaliforniaThe discovery of ____ in __________ threatened to destroy the longstanding balance of free and slave states in the US Senate.35
5767184501California; balanceThe South was growing increasingly worried about the future of slavery because the admission to __________ may tie the political _______ against them.36
5767184502property; honorThe issue of runaway slaves was of such importance because it was a loss of ________ and _____.37
5767184503homes; hide; escapingThe Underground Railroad consisted of networks of _____ that slaves could ____ in while ________.38
5767184504NicaraguaWhat area, for a short time, did the American William Walker seize control of in the 1850s?39
5767184505Matthew PerryThe man who opened Japan to the United States was _______ _____.40
5767184506Atlantic; PacificThe primary objective of Manifest Destiny expansionists in the 1850s was to spread from the ________ to the _______.41
5767184507secret Ostend ManifestoThe secret ______ _________ that was leaked to the ______ stopped the Pierce administration's plans to gain control of Cuba?42
5767184508transcontinental railroadMost American leaders believed that the only way to keep the new Pacific Coast territories was to construct a ________________ ________.43
5767184509popular sovereigntySenator Douglas proposed that the question of slavery be dealt with in the Kansas-Nebraska territory by _______ _______ ___________.44
5767184510slavery; constitutional; slaveIn 1857, the Supreme Court decision in the Dred Scott case affected the Western territories by deciding that _______ would be ______________ in those areas that were already _____ territories.45
5767184511cruelty; slaveryUncle Tom's Cabin showed people the _______ of _______.46
5767184512little woman; started; great warPresident Lincoln described Harriet Beecher Stowe by saying "So you're the ______ _____ who wrote the book that _______ this _____ ___."47
5767184513help; South; supportThe British and French governments concluded after Uncle Tom's Cabin gained a wide following in their countries that they couldn't ____ the _____ because their people wouldn't _______ it.48
5767184514slaveIn 1855, proslavery southerners regarded Kansas as a _____ state.49
5767184515deeply dividedThe clash between Preston S. Brooks and Charles Sumner revealed that the nation was ______ _______.50
5767184516nativistsThe central plank of the Know-Nothing Party in the 1856 election was _________.51
5767362167anti-foreign; anti-immigrantThe nativists in the 1850s were known for being ____-_______ and ____-_________.52
5767362168lack; honesty; warIn part, the Republicans lost the 1856 election because of Fremont's ____ of _______, and the Southerners threatened to start a ___, so Northerner's didn't vote for him.53
5767362169SouthernersWho applauded the decision in the Dred Scott case?54
5767362170homestead; public land; awayIn the North, the Panic of 1857 created calls for _________ of 160 acres of ______ ____ to be given ____.55
5767362171amature; presidentThe political career of Abraham Lincoln can best be described as _______ until he became ________.56
5767362172won; Senate seatAs a result of the Lincoln-Douglas debates, Douglas ___ the ______ ____.57
5767362173all rights; Declaration (of) IndependenceLincoln stated that he believed that the black race should have ___ ______ as stated in the ___________ of ____________.58
5767362174arsenal; weapons; slavesJohn Brown intended to sieze an _______ of _______ and give them to ______ during his raid on Harpers Ferry.59
5767362175gangs; outThe South concluded that there were northern _____ trying to take them ___ after John Brown's raid on Harpers Ferry.60
5767362176secedeThe reaction of the people of South Carolina when Lincoln won the 1860 election was to ______.61
5767362177Montgomery, AlabamaWhere the Confederate government was 1st organized?62
5767362178low; supplies; set outConfederate batteries opened fire on Fort Sumter when they were ___ on ________ and had to ___ ___.63
5767362179Confederates; fire; Fort SumterIn 1861, many Northerners were willing to allow Southern States to leave the Union until ____________ opened ____ on ____ ______.64
5767362180dubious legalityLincoln used methods of _______ ________ in order to persuade the Border States to remain in the Union.65
5767362181Union; pro-slaveryLincoln's declaration that the North sought to preserve the Union with or without slavery was meant for the people in the _____ who were ___-______.66
5767362182save; UnionLincoln declared the purpose of the war at the beginning was to ____ the _____.67
5767362183fight; drawIn order to achieve its independence, the Confederacy had to _____ to a ____.68
5767362184high morale; locating; soldiersAs the Civil War began, what the South seemed to have the advantage in ____ ______, and at ________ better trained ________.69
5767362185lack; food; clothesOf all the hardships faced by the soldiers in the Civil War, the greatest was the ____ of ____ and ______.70
5767362186economyThe greatest weakness of the South during the Civil War was the _______.71
5767362187economyThe North's greatest strength in the Civil War was the _______.72
5767362188discipline; determinationNorthern soldiers eventually became known for their __________ and _____________.73
5767362189slavery; endMost working people in Britain sided with the North because they believed that _______ would ___ if the North won.74
5768012754opposition; citizensOne reason that the British did not try to break the Union blockade of the South during the Civil War was that they forced __________ of the ________.75
5768012755cotton; economyThe South believed that the British would come to its aid because of ______, and therefore the _______.76
5768012756keep; out; bring; intoWhat was the role of diplomacy for the Union in the war was to ____ the British and French ___ of the war, and the Confederacy wanted to _____ the British and French ____ the war.77
5768012757AlabamaThe Confederacy's most effective commerce raiding ship was the _______.78
5768012758president; popular; impeachedThe Southern cause was weak because their _________ wasn't _______, and people wanted him _________.79
5768012759volunteersTo man its army, prior to 1863, the North relied on __________.80
5768012760standard bank noteThe National Banking System was important because it established a ________ ____ ____.81
5768012761keeping; UnionAt the beginning of the war, Lincoln favored _______ the ______ together.82
5768012762capture; RichmondLincoln hoped that a Union victory at Bull Run would result in the _______ of ________.83
5768012763long; enlistments; southern armyAn unexpected result of the Southern victory at Bull Run was the realization that the war would be ____, and also that ___________ in the ________ ____ decreased.84
5768012764cautiousGeneral George McClellan can best be described as ________.85
5768012765enemy outnumbered his menThe major mistake that McClellan consistently made was that he believed that the _____ ___________ ___ ___.86
5768012766Emancipation ProclamationLincoln made the political move to draft the ____________ ___________ after the Union loss during the Peninsula Campaign.87
5768012767border states; joinBy invading Maryland, one of Lee's key objectives was to inspire ______ _____ to ____ the Confederacy.88
5768012768firedAfter the Battle of Antietam, General McClellan was _____.89
5768012769Gettysburg; AntietamThe two major battles of the Civil War fought on Northern soil were the Battles of __________ and ________.90
5768012770intervention; ConfederacyThe Battle of Antietam was critical for the North because it prevented British ____________ with the ___________.91
5768012771Emancipation ProclamationThe North's victory at Antietam allowed Lincoln to issue the ____________ ____________.92
576801277213th AmendmentThe ____ _________ legally abolished slavery in the United States.93
5768012773moral cause; UnionThe Emancipation Proclamation strengthened the _____ _____ of the _____.94
5768012774soldiersAfrican-Americans served in the Union Army as ________.95
5768012775month; endedThe Confederacy enlisted slaves into its army a _____ before the war _____.96
5768012776victory; doomedThe Battle of Gettysburg was significant because the Union _______ made the Southern cause ______.97
5768012777Northern Peace DemocratsThe group in the North most dangerous to Union cause was the ________ _____ ________.98
5768012778CopperheadClement L. Vallandigham was labeled as __________.99
5768012779Andrew JohnsonLincoln's running mate in the 1864 election was ______ _______.100
5768012780George McClellanThe Democrats nominated ______ _________ to oppose Lincoln in the 1864 election.101
5768379738Atlanta and MobileUnion victories in _______ and ______ were crucial to Lincoln's reelection in 1864.102
5768379739calamityIronically, Lincoln's assassination was a ________ for the South.103
5768379740pardoned; brief jail termsThe defeated Confederate leaders were all ________ in 1868 after _____ ____ _____.104
5768379741devastatedThe economy in the South at the war's conclusion was totally __________.105
5768379742secession; correctMany white Southerners believed that their view of _________ was _______ at the end of the Civil War.106
5768379743meddlesome federal agency; dominanceThe white South viewed the Freedmen's Bureau as a __________ _______ ______ that threatened to upset white racial _________.107
5768379744meddlesome agency; killedJohnson's view of the Freedmen's Bureau was a __________ ______ that should be ______.108
5768379745democrats; pro-union southernersJohnson was put on Lincoln's ticket in the 1864 election because he would politically attract war _________ and ___-_____ ___________.109
5768379746champion; poor whitesAs a politician, Johnson developed a reputation as a ________ of the ____ ______.110
5768379747readmission; states; UnionLincoln promised rapid ___________ of Southern ______ into the _____ in the 10 Per Cent Plan for Reconstruction.111
5768379748swift restoration; southern states; basic conditionsJohnson's plan for Reconstruction was aimed at _____ __________ of the ________ ______ after a few _____ __________ were met.112
5768379749stable labor supplyThe main purpose of the Black Codes was to ensure a ______ _____ ______.113
5768379750South; not won; warThe Black Codes seemed to indicate to many Northerners an arrogant _____ acting as if the North had ___ ___ the ___.114
5768379751citizenship; civil rights; freeThe 14th Amendment guaranteed ___________ and _____ ______ to ____ slaves.115
5768379752soft treatment; white southThe root cause of the battle between President Johnson and Congress was Johnson's ____ _________ of the _____ _____.116
5768379753troops; removedRadical Reconstruction of the South ended when the last of the federal ______ were _______ in 1877.117
576837975415thWhat was the last of the Reconstruction era amendments?118
5768379755legislation; needed reformsThe Radical Reconstruction state governments passed desirable ___________ and badly ______ _______.119
5768379756both; North; SouthPolitical corruption was widespread across the nation during Reconstruction in ____ the _____ and _____.120
5768379757terrorist organizationThe Ku Klux Klan can best be described as a _________ ____________.121
5768379758white; success; blackA primary motive for the formation of the Ku Klux Klan was _____ resentment of the _______ of _____ legislators.122
5768379759Secretary (of) War; Tenure (of) Office ActThe official charge the House used to impeach President Johnson was his dismissal of _________ of ___ (Stanton), contrary to the ______ of ______ ___.123
5768379760economic reforms; politicalReconstruction might have been more successful if Thaddeus Stevens' radical program of drastic ________ _______ and stronger protection of _________ rights had been enacted.124

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