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| 114087050 | Alexander The Great | the successor of Philip II; Alexander successfully conquered the Persian empire prior to his death in 323BCE. Attempted to combine Greek and Persian cultures but failed. | 0 | |
| 114087051 | Himalayas | mountain region marking the northern border of the Indian subcontinent; it was the site of the Aryan settlements that formed small kingdoms or warrior republics. | 1 | |
| 114087052 | Monsoons | seasonal winds crossing Indian sub continent and southeast Asia; during summer they bring rain | 2 | |
| 114087053 | Aryans | Indo-Europeans, nomadic pastoralists who replaced the Harappan civilization. Aryans were a highly militarized society. | 3 | |
| 114087054 | Sanskrit | The sacred and classical Indian language | 4 | |
| 114087055 | Vedas | Aryan hymns originally transmitted orally but written down in sacred books from the 6th century BCE onward | 5 | |
| 114087056 | Mahabharata | Indian epic of war, princely honor, love, and social duties; written down in the last centuries BCE; previously handed down in oral form. | 6 | |
| 114087057 | Ramayana | One of the great epic tales from classical India; traces adventures of King Rama and his wife. | 7 | |
| 114087058 | Upanishads | Later books of the vedas; contained sophisticated and sublime philosophical ideas; utilized by the Brahmans in order to maintain religious authority. | 8 | |
| 114087059 | Varnas | clusters of caste groups in Aryan society; four social caste: Brahman (priest), warriors, merchants, and then peasants. beneath the four caste systems are the socially untouchable Dasas. | 9 | |
| 114087060 | Untouchables | Low social caste in Hindu culture; performed the ridiculing tasks, such as street sweeping, removal of human waste, and tanning. | 10 | |
| 114087061 | Indra | Chief deity of the Aryans. Depicted as a colossal hard-drinking warrior | 11 | |
| 114087062 | Chandragupta Maurya | the founder of the Maurya dynasty; first empire in the Indian subcontinent; first centralized form of Gov, since Harappan civilizations | 12 | |
| 114087063 | Mauryan Dynasty | established in the Indian subcontinent in the 4th century BCE, following the invasion by Alexander the Great. | 13 | |
| 114087064 | Ashoka (r. 273-232BCE) | the grandson of Chandragupta Maurya; he completed conquest of Indian subcontinent; converted to Buddhism and sponsored the spread of the new religion (Buddhism) through the empire | 14 | |
| 114087065 | Dharma | The caste position and career determined by a persons birth; Hindu culture required that one must accept one's social position and perform the occupation to the best of ones ability in order to have a better situation when reincarnated. | 15 | |
| 114087066 | Kautilya | the political advisor to Chandragupta Maurya. Kautilya believed in scientific application of warfare | 16 | |
| 114087067 | Gurus | originally referred to as Brahmans who served as teachers for the princes of the imperial court of the Guptas. | 17 | |
| 114087068 | Vishnu | The Brahman, and later Hindu, God of sacrifice, widely worshiped. | 18 | |
| 114087069 | Shiva | Hindu, God of destruction and reproduction, worshiped as the personification of cosmic forces of change. | 19 | |
| 114087070 | Reincarnation | The living on of the soul, into a new life. | 20 | |
| 114087071 | Buddha | The founder of Buddhism, who found enlightenment. was raised as a wealthy Chinese boy. | 21 | |
| 114087072 | Nirvana | the Buddhist state of Enlightenment, a state of tranquility | 22 | |
| 114087073 | Karmasutra | the sex bible | 23 | |
| 114087074 | Stupas | Stone shrines built to house pieces of bone or hair and personal possessions said to be relics of the Buddha. | 24 | |
| 114087075 | Scholar-Gentry | Chinese class created by marital linkage of the local land-holding aristocracy with the office-holding shi, the governors of China basically. | 25 |
