Terms : Hide Images
| 223658850 | Bactria | The ancient region stretching from the Hindu Kush mountain range to the ancient Ganhara region of the Indian subcontinent. | 0 | |
| 223658851 | Barracks Emperors | Series of Roman generals who seized the throne between 235 and 284 C.E. | 1 | |
| 223658852 | Bubonic Plague | Epidemic that swept Eurasia, causing devastating population loss and disruption. Known as the Black Death in Europe after 1350 C.E. | 2 | |
| 223658853 | Buddhism | Religion, based on Four Noble Truths, associated with Siddhartha Gautama (563--483 B.C.E.), or the Buddha; its adherents desired to eliminate all distracting passion and reach nirvana. | 3 | |
| 223658854 | Byzantine | -lasting empire centered at Constantinople; it grew out of the end of the Roman empire and carried legacy of Roman greatness and was the only classical society to survive into the early modern age; it reached its early peak during the reign of Justinian (483--565). | 4 | |
| 223658855 | Christianity | Religion emerging from Middle East in the first century C.E. holding Jesus to be the son of God who sacrificed himself on behalf of mankind. | 5 | |
| 223658856 | Confucianism | Philosophy, based on the teachings of the Chinese philosopher Kong Fuzi (551-479 B.C.E.), or Confucius, that emphasizes order, the role of the gentleman, obligation to society, and reciprocity. | 6 | |
| 223658857 | Edict of Milan | Emperor Constantine's 313 C.E. that Christianity was a legitimate religion. | 7 | |
| 223658858 | Han Dynasty | Chinese dynasty that ruled an expanding empire with a large bureaucracy based upon Legalist and Confucian values. The empire taxed agriculture and trade and raised large armies to colonize Vietnam, Korea, and the Xiongnu territory. | 8 | |
| 223658859 | Hellenistic Era | Second phase in Greek history (328-146 B.C.E.), from the conquest of Greece by Philip of Macedon until Greece's fall to the Romans; this era was a more cosmopolitan age facilitated by the conquests of Alexander the Great. | 9 | |
| 223658860 | Hinduism | Main religion of India, a combination of Dravidian and Aryan concepts; Hinduism's goal is to reach spiritual purity and union with the great world spirit; its important concepts include dharma, karma, and samsara. | 10 | |
| 223658861 | Karakorum | Capital of the Mongol empire. | 11 | |
| 223658862 | Manichaeism | Religion founded by the prophet Mani in the third century C.E., a syncretic version of Zoroastrian, Christian, and Buddhist elements. | 12 | |
| 223658863 | Mesopotamia | Term meaning "between the rivers," in this case the Tigris and Euphrates; Sumer and Akkad are two of the earliest societies. | 13 | |
| 223658864 | Monotheism | in only one god, a rare concept in the ancient world. | 14 | |
| 223658865 | Nestorian | Early branch of Christianity, named after the fifth-century Greek theologian Nestorius, that emphasized the human nature of Jesus Christ. | 15 | |
| 223658866 | Ptolemaic | Term used to signify both the Egyptian kingdom founded by Alexander the Great's general Ptolemy and the thought of the philosopher Ptolemy of Alexandria (second century C.E.), who used mathematical formulas in an attempt to prove Aristotle's geocentric theory of the universe. | 16 | |
| 223658867 | Sasanids | Later powerful Persian dynasty (224-651) that would reach its peak under Shapur I and later fall to Arabic expansion. | 17 | |
| 223658868 | Silk roads | Ancient trade routes that extended from the Roman empire in the west to China in the east. | 18 | |
| 223658869 | Zen Buddhism | Japanese version of Chinese Chan Buddhism, with an emphasis on intuition and sudden flashes of insight instead of textual study. | 19 | |
| 223658870 | Zoroastrianism | Persian religion based on the teaching of the sixth-century-B.C.E. prophet Zarathustra; its emphasis on the duality of good and evil and on the role of individuals in determining their own fate would influence later religions. | 20 | |
| 223658871 | Zhang Qian | Leader of an expedition to travel westward to meet with other leaders in order to defeat the Xiongnu. Brought back exotic animals, plants, and information 12 years later. | 21 | |
| 223658872 | Xiongnu | A confederation of nomadic peoples living beyond the northwest frontier of ancient China. Chinese rulers tried a variety of defenses and stratagems to ward off these 'barbarians,' as they called them, and dispersed them in 1st Century. | 22 | |
| 223658873 | Berenice | the most important port on the Red Sea, constructed by the Ptolemies | 23 | |
| 223658874 | Alexandria | City in Egypt founded by Alexander the Great, center of commerce and Hellenistic civilization | 24 | |
| 223658875 | monsoon winds | Annual cycle of dryness and wetness with seasonally shifting winds produced by changing atmospheric pressure system. Affects India, southeast Asia, Indonesia, Northern Australia. Seasonal wind reverals caused by the differential heating of the land masses and water bodies. | 25 | |
| 223658876 | India -> Hellenistic | spice, pepper, cosmetics, gems, peals by caravan | 26 | |
| 223658877 | India -> Mediterranean | slaves, kidnapping victims or prisoners of war | 27 | |
| 223658878 | Persia & Egypt -> Mediterranean | grain (feed population) | 28 | |
| 223658879 | Mediterranean | wine, oil, jewelry, art | 29 | |
| 223658880 | Port of Rhapta | a commercial commercial center on E. African coast; exporting ivory, rhinoceros, horn, and tortoise shell. Importing: Glass, wine, grain, and metal goods for use as weapons and tools. | 30 | |
| 223658881 | raja | prince who ruled each indian city-state, acting as military leader, chief priest, lawmaker, and a judge. | 31 | |
| 223658882 | Gregory the Wonderworker | a tireless missionary with a reputation for performing miracles, who popularized Christianity in central Anatolia during the mid third century C.E. | 32 | |
| 223658883 | Mani | Believed he was the founder of a new faith stemming from Christianity that also held some Zoroastrian beliefs. Believed that the word was corrupt, and so was the body, and thus practiced celibacy like the rest of the Gnostics. He was killed in Persia for his religious beliefs while in prison. | 33 | |
| 223658884 | The Elect | Devout Manichaeans, who abstained from marriage and sexual relations and who devoted their lives to prayer and fasting | 34 | |
| 223658885 | hearers | were less devout Manichaeans and they led more conventional lives, but they folowed a strict moral code and provided food and gifts to sustain the elect | 35 | |
| 223658886 | Marcus Aurelius | last emperor of the Pax Romana and died 180 CE due to epidemic disease that broke out in Mediterranean basin | 36 | |
| 223658887 | Wang Mang | Han Dynasty official who tried to redistribute land but failed to survive 99-23 CE | 37 | |
| 223658888 | Sinicization | Nomads adapted to Chinese environment by taking up agriculture and permanent settlement, marrying Chines spouse, taking Chines name, wearing cloth and ate like Chinese, and seeking Chinese education | 38 | |
| 223658889 | Emperor Diocletian | Try to stop issue of the unmanageable empire after the epidemic by dividing the empire into two administrative districts and co-emperor ruled with aid of powerful lieutenants and four officials 'tetrahs' | 39 | |
| 223658890 | tetrarchy | Rule by four; the system of government established by Diocletian in which the Roman Empire was divided into two parts, each ruled by an "Augustus" assisted by a "Caesar." | 40 | |
| 223658891 | Constantine | Roman Emperor (4th century A.D.) who promoted tolerance to all religions in the Roman Empire and legalized Christianity | 41 | |
| 223658892 | Valerian | ruled Roman empire 253-260AD, attempts to battle Sassania and is captured in 259, captured by Shapur I, served as king's foot stool befor ehe was killed in 260 | 42 | |
| 223658893 | Germanic people | displaced by huns and inspired to make advances on Rome by making successful attacks on Rome. these people eventually moved west into western Europe to establish kingdoms that would later become European countries. | 43 | |
| 223658894 | Visigoth | tribe of German barbarians who were allowed into Rome under the agreement of peace for food and land. When Rome did not deliver, the revolted and established a kingdom in Spain | 44 | |
| 223658895 | Theodosius | Emperor of the Roman Empire who made Christianity the official religion of the empire. | 45 | |
| 223658896 | St. Augustine | Bishop of Hippo, North African city, writings influenced Christianity with Platonism | 46 | |
| 223658897 | bishop | A church official who leads a large group of Christians in a particular region | 47 | |
| 223658898 | Hierarchy of church official | bishop of Rome, patriarchs of Jerusalem, Antioch, Alexandria, Constantinople | 48 | |
| 223658899 | pope | the head of the Roman Catholic Church "father" | 49 |
