Terms : Hide Images
| 146941031 | Adolf Hitler | Nazi leader of fascist Germany from 1933 to his suicide in 1945; created a strongly centralized state in Germany; eliminated all rivals; launched Germany on aggressive foreign policy leading many on aggressive foreign policy leading to World War II; responsible for attempted genocide of European Jews | 0 | |
| 146941032 | Anschluss | Hitler's union of Germany with the German-speaking population of Austria; took place in 1938, despite complaints of other European nations | 1 | |
| 146941033 | appeasement | Policy of Neville Chamberlain, British prime minister who hoped to preserve peace in the face of German aggression; particularly applied to Munich Conference agreements; failed when Hitler invaded Poland | 2 | |
| 146941034 | collectivization | Creation of large, state-run farms rather than individual holdings; allowed more efficient control over peasants, though often lowered food production; part of Stalin's economic and political planning; often adopted in other communist regimes | 3 | |
| 146941035 | fascism | Political philosophy that became predominant in Italy and then Germany during the 1920s and 1930s; attacked weakness of democracy, corruption of capitalism; promised vigorous foreign and military programs; undertook state control of economy to reduce social friction | 4 | |
| 146941036 | five-year plans | Stalin's plans to hasten industrialization of USSR; constructed massive factories in metallurgy, mining, and electric power; led to massive state-planned industrialization at cost of availability of consumer products | 5 | |
| 146941037 | Franklin Roosevelt | 32nd President of the United States, President of the US during Great Depression and World War II | 6 | |
| 146941038 | Gestapo | Secret police in Nazi Germany, known for brutal tactics | 7 | |
| 146941039 | Great Depression | International economic crisis following the First World War; began with collapse of American stock market in 1929; actual causes included collapse of agricultural prices in houses in the United States and western Europe, massive unemployment; contradicted optimistic assumptions of 19th century | 8 | |
| 146941040 | Great Purge | Widespread arrests and executions of over a million people by Josef Stalin; 1936-1938; attempt to eliminate all opposition to Stalin's rule of the Soviet Union | 9 | |
| 146941041 | Juan Peron | Military leader in Argentina who became dominant political figure after military coup in 1943; used position as Minister of Labor to appeal to working groups and the poor; became president in 1946; forced into exile in 1955; returned and won presidency in 1973 | 10 | |
| 146941042 | kulaks | Agricultural entrepreneurs who utilized the Stolypin and later NEP reforms to increase agricultural production and buy additional land | 11 | |
| 146941043 | Manchuria | Province in northeast China invaded by Japan in September 1931 | 12 | |
| 146941044 | Munich Conference | Conference in 1938, European leaders attempted to appease Hitler by turning over the Sudetenland to him in exchange for promise that Germany would not expand Germany's territory any further. | 13 | |
| 146941045 | Mussolini, Benito | Italian fascist leader after World War I; created first fascist government based on aggressive foreign policy and new nationalist glories | 14 | |
| 146941046 | nationalization | Taking over of property or resources by the government | 15 | |
| 146941047 | Neville Chamberlain | British statesman who as Prime Minister pursued a policy of appeasement toward fascist Germany (1869-1940) | 16 | |
| 146941048 | New Deal | President Franklin Roosevelt's precursor of the modern welfare state (1933-1939); programs to combat economic depression enacted a number of social insurance measures and used government spending to stimulate the economy; increased power of the state and the state's intervention in the United States social and economic life | 17 | |
| 146941049 | protectionism | the policy of imposing tariffs on imports in order to protect home industries from overseas competition | 18 | |
| 146941050 | socialism in one country | Joseph Stalin's concept of Russian communism based solely on the Soviet Union rather than the Leninist concept of international revolution; by cutting off the Soviet Union from other economies, the USSR avoided worst consequences of the Great Depression | 19 | |
| 146941051 | socialist realism | Attempt within the USSR to relate formal culture to the masses in order to avoid the adoption of western European cultural forms; begun under Joseph Stalin; fundamental method of Soviet fiction, art, and literary criticism | 20 | |
| 146941052 | Tojo Hideki | Japanese army officer who initiated the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor and who assumed dictatorial control of Japan during World War II | 21 | |
| 146941053 | totalitarian state | A new kind of government in the 20th century that exercised massive, direct control over virtually all the activities of its subjects; existed in Germany, Italy, and the Soviet Union | 22 |
