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AP World History 1450- 1750 Flashcards

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5578878976PolitiqueRulers who put political necessities above personal beliefs0
5578902191Spanish Amarada¨ïnvincible¨ group of ships sent by King Phillip II to invade England1
5578918047Edict of nantesA document that gave religious freedoms to the Huguenots2
5578950376Thirty Years warinternational war between protestants and Catholics that ended religious conflicts in Europe3
5578962745Peace of Augsburgstated that rulers decide the religion of the state4
5578969657Peace of Westphaliaended the 30 years war; introduced new method of peace negotiation5
5578987711English Civil WarCharles vs. Parliament (series of conflicts)6
5578991350Petition of RightProhibited the King from raising taxes without the consent of parliament7
5578996521Glorious RevolutionKing James II no longer in power, when the crown offered to William and mary they agreed to a bill of rights that limited their power8
5579040895English Bill of Rightsseries of acts passed be the English parliament that limited the rights of the monarchy9
5579045614Divine Rightthe idea that God created monarchy and that monarch acted as Gods representative on earth10
5579048226Versailliespalace in france11
5579050621HuguenotsFrench protestants that followed teachings of John Calvin12
5579053497ReformationA reform movement against the roman catholic church; resulted in creation of protestant churches.13
5579059244Martin Luther16th century German religious leader; founder of protestantism14
557906561495 thesesPrepositions for debate concerned with the question of indulgences15
5579071145indulgencesselling of forgiveness by catholic church practice when church needed money16
5579077288John Calvinbelieved in importance of living a good life and obeying Gods laws, leader in protestant movement17
5579081217Jesuitmember of society of Jesus, a religious order that undertook missionary activity in europe18
5579085449council of trentgroup of catholic leaders to respond to protestant challenges and direct future of catholic church19
5579089184inquisitionpunish nonbelievers20
5579098121Leonardo Da vinciItalian painter famous for the Mona Lisa21
5579099463MichelangeloSculptor, led way for renaissance masters form his david sculture22
5579105693Thomas HobbesWrote leviathan, his theory that all humans are self-driven and that the best government was a monarch that had all power23
5579111161John Lockethought mankind were good and all men were equal, and had right to life24
5579115824Social Contractwhere people sell some of their rights in order to be protected by the government25
5579135152EmpiricismTheory that all knowledge is stimulated by rise of experimental science26
5579138478Johannes Kepiermathmatician, in scientific revolution27
5579145155ISaac newtonin scientific revolution,28
5579146978Gelileo Geloteiitalian polymath in scientific revolution29
5579151297Joint- stock companiescompanies whos goods are shared by the shareholders30
5579154346mercantilismtheory that trade generates wealth and stimulated by profitable balances31
5579157761Cottage industrybuisness carried on in a persons home32
5579160355Adam smithworlds most famous economicist, wealth of nations33
5579162239Physiocratsmember in group of french enconomicists who believed agriculture the source of all wealth34
5579166165Capitalismeconomic and political system, which country's trade and industry are controlled by private owners for profit, rather than by the state.35
5579181007East india CompanyEnglish and later British stock company, which formed to pursue trade with the east indies36
5579186767third estateevery french citizen who did not possess a noble title not appointed by the church37
5579189769primogeniturethe first born child, especially the rule that the real estate past to eldest son38
5579193930bartholomew diaznoblemen of Portuguese royal household, Portuguese explorer39
5579199480Vasco de gamaportuguese explorer and first european to reach india by sea40
5579202366Ferdinand magellanportuguese explorer who organised the castilllian expedition to east indies41
5579207502conquistadorsspanish conqueror of mexico and peru42
5579209540herman cortesspanish conquistadors who led an expedition that caused the fall of the aztec empire43
5579217801Treaty of tordesillasdivided the newly discovered lands outside Europe between portugal and the crown of castile44
5579225185viceroysa ruler excising authority in a colony on behalf of a sovereign45
5579232854Audiences46
5579233942Potosia city in Bolivia: formally a rich silver mining center47
5579236152columbian exchangeperiod of cultural and biological ecxhange between the old and new world48
5579240850Economiendagrant by the spanish crwon to a colonist in america conferring the right to demand tribute and forced labor from indian inhabitants of an area49
5579245146mita50
5579245147engennossugar cane mil and associated facilties51
5579247347indentured servitudesomeone who works for another for a certain amount of time who then pays for their freedom52
5579250656creolessomeone who has European and African descent53
5579256659mestizosa man of mixed race, especially the offspring of a Spaniard and an American Indian.54
5579260527peninsularesa Spanish-born Spaniard inhabiting in the New World or the Spanish East Indies.55
5579264891mulattoesa person of mixed white and black ancestry, especially a person with one white and one black parent.56
5579269206castasa hierarchical system of race classification created by Spanish elites57
5579269207triangle tradeshipping goods from Britain to West Africa to be exchanged for slaves, these slaves being shipped to the West Indies and exchanged for sugar, rum, and other commodities58
5579277105atlantic trading systemMillions of Africans were torn from their homes, deported to the American continent and sold as slaves59
5579280820middle passagethe sea journey undertaken by slave ships from West Africa to the West Indies.60
5579288778African Diasporathe mass dispersion of peoples from Africa during the Transatlantic Slave Trades61

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