Terms : Hide Images
| 213937153 | Neolithic Age | the "New Stone Age"; the time period when agriculture was adopted in human societies; 8000 BCE to 3500 BCE | 0 | |
| 213937154 | Catal Huyuk | one of the first towns, along with Jericho, to come about; in southern [modern-day] Turkey; 7000 BCE to 4000 BCE | 1 | |
| 213937155 | cultural diffusion | how plants, animals, goods, and ideas spread between different groups of people; how the world develops | 2 | |
| 213937156 | surplus | to have or attain an excess of something (in this case, food); the first people to practice agriculture had this | 3 | |
| 213937157 | megalith | stone blocks serving as monuments or religious tributes; present in parts of Eurasia and the Middle East; built during Neolithic Age | 4 | |
| 213937158 | periodization | division of different times in history into specific sections decided by similar events/cultures | 5 | |
| 213937159 | migrations | permanent moves to new locations that occur on local, regional, and global levels; affected by push and pull factors | 6 | |
| 213937160 | civilizations | groups of people that have a reliable surplus, specialized jobs, class divisions, growth, government, trade, and systems of writing; came about around 4000 to 3500 BCE | 7 | |
| 213937161 | Stone Age | the time period of human prehistory; lasted from 68,000 BCE to 3500 BCE; both the Paleolithic and Neolithic Ages | 8 | |
| 213937162 | Paleolithic Age | the "Old Stone Age"; hunter-gatherers resided in this time period; lasted from 68,000 BCE to 8000 BCE | 9 | |
| 213937163 | foragers | hunter-gatherers; people that found and collected food; lasted almost the entire Paleolithic Age | 10 | |
| 213937164 | agricultural revolutions | the transformation from a hunter-gatherer lifestyle to a farming lifestyle; occurred from 8000 BCE to 2500 BCE | 11 | |
| 213937165 | bipedalism | the ability to walk on two limbs; eventually developed in the process of human evolution | 12 | |
| 213937166 | pastoralism | the practice of being one of the first domesticators of animals; semi-nomadic people; came about in the Neolithic Age | 13 | |
| 213937167 | division of labor | hunting/gathering groups split labor between men and women; farming groups divided work based upon who was best at a certain job; Neolithic Age | 14 | |
| 213937168 | polytheism | the belief in multiple gods; developed in religions started in farming communities; centered around nature; 8000 BCE | 15 | |
| 213937169 | Harappa | second city discovered in the Indus River Valley; thrived from 3000 to 1500 BCE; center of trade | 16 | |
| 213937170 | system failure | occurred around 1900 BCE in the Indus River Valley; a breakdown of all political, social, and economic systems that support an area or civilization | 17 | |
| 213937171 | llama | horse-like animal; domesticated by the Chavin people of Mesoamerica and then was used as a beast of burden | 18 | |
| 213937172 | Hyksos | people from north of Egypt; attacked and defeated the Egyptians in the 1700s BCE; ruled over Egypt until 1550 BCE; copper [Egyptians] vs. bronze | 19 | |
| 213937173 | ziggurat | large stone pyramid-like structures in Mesopotamia; built by slaves, worshipped at by priests | 20 | |
| 213937174 | scribe | people who wrote cuneiform for a living; had higher power and higher social status; 3500 to 500 BCE writing develops | 21 | |
| 213937175 | Epic of Gilgamesh | one of the first stories/epics recorded in writing [cuneiform]; written 2000 BCE by scribes in Mesopotamia | 22 | |
| 213937176 | Isis | Egyptian goddess of the Nile and of fertility; part of Egyptian religion with strong ties to agriculture | 23 | |
| 213937177 | dynastic cycles | the process in which a dynasty strengthens, peaks, and weakens, allowing a new dynasty to take over; members of ruling families starting with the Zhou Dynasty | 24 | |
| 213937178 | Mandate of Heaven | the belief that gods gave ruling families power and the rights to take power and rule; 1300 BCE to about 1900 CE | 25 | |
| 213937179 | oracle bones | specially prepared bones and tortoiseshell that were used by shamans, who claimed they possessed the power to read them | 26 | |
| 213937180 | shaman | types of priests from Ancient China; claimed the ability to read oracle bones to contact ancestors and/or gods | 27 | |
| 213937181 | Mesopotamia | a cultural hearth where cuneiform and the first written code of law were created; about 3500 BCE to 500 BCE | 28 | |
| 213937182 | Babylon | part of Mesopotamia conquered by the Babylonians in the 1700s BCE; lasted until about 1500 BCE; led by Hammurabi | 29 | |
| 213937183 | Sumerians | first important group of people living in Mesopotamia; built the earliest form of civilization; 5000 BCE to 2300 BCE | 30 | |
| 213937184 | city-state | an area that functioned as both a city and state with its own government; how Mesopotamia was organized | 31 | |
| 213937185 | Hammurabi | leader of the Babylonian takeover in 1700 BCE; from the city of Ur; created the world's first set of laws | 32 | |
| 213937186 | cuineform | earliest form of writing; developed in Mesopotamia; a system of lines and triangles | 33 | |
| 213937187 | Akkadian Empire | led by the Semite, Sargon the Great; united the city-states of Mesopotamia; 2300 BCE to 2200 BCE; capital was Akkad | 34 | |
| 213937188 | Hittites | conquered and took control of Mesopotamia in the 1500s BCE; took over from the Babylonians; ended 900 BCE | 35 | |
| 213937189 | pharaoh | were revered and obeyed by the Egyptian people; reincarnations of Horus; seen to have divine connections | 36 | |
| 213937190 | ma'at | the divinely controlled order of the universe, supposedly maintained by Egyptian pharaohs | 37 | |
| 213937191 | pyramid | built by slaves and the lower class; large triangular structures built as tombs for the pharaohs and the rich | 38 | |
| 213937192 | hieroglyphics | an early form of writing developed in Ancient Egypt; composed mainly of pictographs; 3100 to 700 BCE | 39 | |
| 213937193 | papyrus | an early form of paper discovered by Ancient Egyptians; created from strips of a plant pressed together | 40 | |
| 213937194 | mummy | form of post-mortem preservation used by Ancient Egyptians in accordance with their religion; center of religion | 41 | |
| 213937195 | Horus | spirit represented in the Egyptian pharaohs; an Egyptian god, son of Osiris and Iris | 42 | |
| 213937196 | Osiris | an Egyptian god, ruler of the afterlife; strong ties to the afterlife in Egyptian religion | 43 | |
| 213937197 | Menes | by Egyptian legend, the first pharaoh; special access to the gods, the strongest | 44 | |
| 213937198 | Meroe | a kingdom that was the center of economic trade and wealth; in the Nubian region | 45 | |
| 213937199 | monotheism | developed by some in the Nubian region, desert area; belief in only one god; developed later in ancient Nubian history | 46 | |
| 213937200 | patriarchy | a system of government (a monarchy, in this case) that is dominated by males; the pharaohs of Egypt | 47 | |
| 213937201 | Book of the Dead | a collection of papyrus texts that contained incantations of funeral rituals; reveals more about Egyptian religion | 48 |
