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AP world history ch.12-15 Flashcards

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252825525ministry of ritesadministrated examinations to student from chinese gov. schools or those recommended by distinguished scholars0
252825526Empress WuTang ruler 690-705ce in china; supported Buddhist establishment, tried to elevate Buddhism to stay in villages until they could repay aristocrats for land1
252825527scholar-gentry(knowledgable gentlemen)chinese class created by the marital approach; based on use of logic to resolve theological probelms2
252825528neo-conficianismrevived ancient confucian teachings in Song era china; their emphasis on tradition and hostility to foreign systems made chinese rulers and bureaucrats less receptive to outside udeas and influences3
252825529grand canaldesigned to link the original centers of chinese civilizations on north china plain with the yangtze river basin to the south (1200 miles long)4
252825530junkschinese ships equipped with watertight bulkheads, sternpost rudders, compasses, and bamboo fenders5
252825531footbindingpractice in chincese society to mutilate women's feet in order to make them smaller6
252825532humanismthe focus on the acomplishments of individuals rather than a whole community7
252825533Zhengheadmiral8
252825534Khan=Khanatesupreme ruler9
252825535tatarspeople from hell10
252825536kaminature spirit of japan11
252825537hein eracourst culture soared to refinement; aristocratic classes had strict behavior; social classes were everything; gossip was rampant; energy focused on the pursuit of beauty; buildings of unpainted wood; writing verse12
252825538fujiwara familyjapanese aristocratic family in mid 9th century; exercised exceptional infulence over imperial affairs13
252825539samuraimounted troops of japanese warrior leaders14
252825540seppukuritual suicide in japan which demonstrated courage anf a means to restore family honor15
252825541shogunsmilitary leaders of the bakufu (military gov. in japan)16
252825542daimyaworlord rulers of 300 small stated following civil war and sidruption of Ashikaga Shogunate17
252825543japanese feudalism1. emeror and shoguns 2. daimyo 3.samurai 4.peasants18
252825544sinificationextensive adaption of chinese culture in other regions (more typical of kkorea and japan not vietnam)19
252825545Nam VietHan conqured Nam Viet in 2nd century BCE; derived of benefits (technology, political organization, and chinas ideas); 1st appeared in hisory as "soutner barbains"20
252825546when does feudalism endaround 1868ce21
252825547Why did feudalism happen in europe?-germanic tribes needing protection -church-state -inexpensive22
252825548heirarchesrank of importance23
252825549vassallandlord24
252825550fiefland grant25
252825551when does japan get guns?154326
252825552bushidooath27
252825553chivalrycontract28
252825554in the early tang dynasty, buddhismhad gained extreme favor among many chinese people with widespread conversions, monetary support and gov. acknowledgement29
252825555the Sui dynasty occured as a result ofincreased focus on luxury and materialsim coupled with incompetent military leadership30
252825556concerning expansion, the Tangestablished connections with far off regions through vassals kingdoms, armies of conquest and hoped that these groups would become assimilated into chinese culture31
252825557the Tang system of civil service examinationallowed for commoners to gain positions due to merit on the exam, but usually the position within the central administration were reserved for old aristocracy32
252825558whem compared to the Tang dynasy, the Songfaced a very bloated bureaucracy due to relaxed restrictions in the exam system33
252825559the role of palace intrigue played a part in the decline of the Tang in thatroayl concubinage led to economic distress and the failed An LuShan Rebellion which weakened the Tang's control34
252825560The 646 Taika Reforms attempted to change japanese culture in thatthe chinese model of confucian influenced gov., military, and imperial dominance was the focus of the reforms35
252825561vietnamese sinification efforts contrased with those of Korea in thatthe vietnamese had vast cultural distinctions that existed before sinification making it increasingly difficult for the Chinese to influence them, unlike the Koreans36
252825562the bakufuliterally means military gov which granted real power to the shogun and cemented japanese dependency on feudalism37
252825563during the Heian era in japanese history, literatureflourished due to the ultacivilized atmosphere of the society, in which written language was simplified to create an easier transition to japanese38
252825564women in japan's merchant and artisan familiescould share in numerous community activities like men such as guilds and the inheritance of businesses39
252825565after chinggis Khan's death, how was his empire administered?it was divided into four regional khanates, ruleed hy his sons and grandson40
252825566which of the khanates conquered Russia?Golden HOrde41
252825567under Mongol rule, Moscow became important becauseit became the center of Mongol tribute payments42
252825568the mongol conquest of Russiaforced the Russian peasentry into serfdom due to heavy tax burdens43
252825569which of the following was the most significant impact of the period of the Mongold rule on Russia?the period of MOngol rule reinforced the isolation of RUssiafrom western Europe44
252825570in addition to the destruction of the Abbasid capital at Baghdad and the weakening of the Muslim military strenght, how did the mongols impact the islamic heartland?they destryoed Muslim cities from central Asia to the shores of the Mediterranean which devastated trade, culture and education45
252825571what was the status of Mongolian women during the Yuan dynasty of China?mongol women remained relatively independent, refused to adopt the practice of foot-binding, and retained their rights in property46

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