Terms : Hide Images
| 9119876445 | Abbasid | This group overthrew the Umayyads and established a new dynasty of Muslim rulers. | 0 | |
| 9119876446 | Al-Andalus | A Muslim-ruled region in what is now Spain, established by the Berbers (from North Africa) in the eighth century A.D. |  | 1 |
| 9119876447 | Bedouins | Arab nomads. They were organized into tribes and groups called clans. These clans provided security and support for a life made difficult by the extreme conditions of the desert. Their settlement is from where the Muslim Empire sprang. This was around the 600s AD and at the Arabian Peninsula. |  | 2 |
| 9119876448 | Caliph | A title used for the highest ruler in the Islamic community | 3 | |
| 9119876449 | Hadith | The compiled work of the life and teachings of Muhammad. | 4 | |
| 9119876450 | Jizya | Poll tax that non-Muslims had to pay when living within a Muslim empire | 5 | |
| 9119876451 | Ka'Ba | A cube shaped building in the center of the mosque in Mecca. Now it is the site of the hajj. |  | 6 |
| 9119876452 | Madrasas | Islamic institutions of higher education that originated in the tenth century. | 7 | |
| 9119876453 | Qadis | Muslim judges that carried out the judicial functions of the state |  | 8 |
| 9119876454 | Rubaiyat | Epic poem of Omar Khayyam; seeks to find meaning in life and a path to union with the divine where he expresses his opinions | 9 | |
| 9119876455 | Sakk | Muslim bankers offered these letters of credit to merchants in the empire. They were basically like checks. | 10 | |
| 9119876456 | Seal of the Prophets | Muhammad's name for himself, signifying that he was the final prophet of Allah, and that he must transfer Allah's message to not only a small group, but mankind. | 11 | |
| 9119876457 | Shari'a | Islamic law; a combination of the Quran and the Hadith. | 12 | |
| 9119876458 | Shia | The second largest sect within Islam. It originated in the early centuries of Islam perhaps over a political dispute over who would be the next Caliph. This group believed that Muhammad's son-in-law and cousin Ali should be the Caliph. Over time this faction's religious interpretations and practices have also come to differ slightly from most Muslims. |  | 13 |
| 9119876459 | Sufis | a mystical Muslim group that believed they could draw closer to God through prayer, fasting, and a simple life | 14 | |
| 9119876460 | Sunni | The largest branch of Islam. After the death of Muhammad, some Muslims rejected Abu Bakr's authority in favor of Muhammad's cousin Ali as the next Caliph. | 15 | |
| 9119876461 | Ulama | The theologians and legal experts of Islam. Best known as the arbiters of sharia law. | 16 | |
| 9119876462 | Umayyad | Dynasty that ruled Muslim Empire from 661 to 750; capital at Damascus;later established a kingdom in al-Andalas | 17 | |
| 9119876463 | Umma | committed to god (believers) | 18 |
