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AP World History Chapter 16-17 Flashcards

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5885028233New approach to knowledge introduced by the Scientific Revolution (1800s)Human reason, skeptical of authority, expressed in natural laws aided by printing books0
5885028234Adam Smith (1724 - 1790)Law about economy that would generate favorable results1
5885030104Enlightenment- People believed enlightenment would be the long term outcome of scientific development. - Inspired by rebellion - Other Enlightenment philosophers developed new political ideas about the individual, natural rights, and the social contract.2
5885030105John Locke (1632 - 1704)- Constitutional government3
5885033486Voltaire's Treatise on Toleration (1694 - 1778)- Religious intolerance - Inspired by Confucius society - "Enlightenment" was a deism (remove deity)4
5885034813Deism and Pantheists- Deists: abstract and remote deity - Pantheists: God and nature were identical (Moses, Jesus, and Muhammad5
5885048084Jean-Jacques Rousseau- The Romantic movement in art and literature - "immersion of nature which taught self reliance and generosity.6
5885153490(Class Notes/Key Concepts) Impacts on America Locke Volaire Motesqureu RosseauLocke - Life, liberty, and property Volaire - Freedom of speech and religion Motesqureu - 3 branches of government Rosseau - Universal male suffrage7
5885166018(Class Notes/Key Concepts) Who "started" the enlightenment and how?Capirricos8
5885246108(Class Notes/Key Concepts) Documents encouraged by the Enlightenment- American Declaration of Independence - French Declaration of the Rights of Man and Citizen - Bolívar's Jamaica Letter9
5885321754Atlantic Revolutions- North American Revolution (1775 - 1787) - Hatitian Revolution - French Revolution (1789 - 1815) - Spanish Revolution - Latin American Revolutions (1810 - 1825)10
5885323543Declaration of Independence- Military victory in 1781 - Federal constitutions in 178711
5885325118U.S. ConstitutionAdams, Washington, Jeffersons, and Hancocks12
5885326875U.S. Bill of RightsFirst 10 amendments to the U.S. Constitution13
58899908251789- The French aided America and were bankrupt - Sought reforms - Estates general14
5890019249King Louis XVI- Wanted to raise taxes against those against the privileged class - Estates general15
5890021405Three Estates- Clergy - Nobility -Common estates16
5890022484National Assembly- Common estates - Claimed the right to make laws for the country17
5890024734The Declaration of Man and Citizens- "Men are born and remain free and equal in rights."18
5890024735Ancient Regime (Old Regime)- Illegal in the ancient regime (Old regime) - Caused French Revolution19
5890029134Regicide- Louis and Marie Antointte20
5890030385Marie Antointte- Were executed in an act of regime21
5890036306The Reign of Terror (1795-1794)- Maximillen and Robespirre - The committee of public safety deemed 1,000s enemies of the revolution and they were killed22
5890038882Maximillien Roberpierre- The committee of public safety deemed 1,000s enemies of the revolution and they were killed23
5890041822The Committee of Public Safety- The committee of public safety deemed 1,000s enemies of the revolution and they were killed24
5890043497Department- 83 (Territorial) - All adult male army25
5890046571Festival of Unity (1793)- 1st anniversary to the end of the monarchy - Bonfire with all the royal families stuff and white doves26
5890046572Temple of Reason- Cathedral of Notre Dame - "Hymm of Liberty" = Traditional music + Enlightenment message27
5890049010Napoleon Bonaparte (1799-1814)- In power 1799 - French influence spreed by conquest under him leadership - Democratic elements in a military dictatorship (civil equality, secular law code, religious freedom)28
5890053388Sant DomingueEconomic: 40% of sugar and 1/2 of the coffee Political & Social: pop: 500,000 and only 40,000 were white 30,000 poc free29
5890055905Detitis Blanca- Poor whites30
5890057762Gens de Colur libres- Free people of color -30,00031
5890057763Grands Blancs- Rich white landowners32
5890060360Toussians Couverture- Led the revolt - Former slave - Overcame internal resistance, foreign powers, and even Napoleon33
5890062114Jean Jacques Dessalines- New leader - 1st leader "I have given the French cannibals blood for blood, I have avenged America."34
5890104570"Remember Haiti"- A poem written by the Jamaicans - Reflected the horror and was cautionary35
5890222550Cuban plantations- Increased production of sugar when Haiti declined36
5890228133Louisiana Purchase- Napoleon defeat in Haiti persuaded him to sell to the United States37
5913466820Creole elites- Insulted by the Spanish monarch in order to get more control - Knew about republic popular sovereignty and personal liberty UNLIKE NORTH AMERICA - They don't have experience with local government - More authoritarian and divided38
5913471104Napoleon's invasion of 1808- Invaded Spain and Portugal - This forced them to give up the countries in Latin America almost everywhere by 182639
59134711051826- This forced them to give up the countries in Latin America almost everywhere by 182640
59134735381810 rebellion- Mexico revolution - Led by 2 priests - Peasants were driven by hunger41
5913475033Miguel Hidalgo and Jose Morelos- Leaders of 1810 rebellion - Peasants were driven by hunger42
5913477306Tupac Amaru- Last Inca emperor after a rebellion of the natives in Peru in 1780s43
5913484082Simon Bolivar, "the great liberator"- Herd of Spanish American independence movements - He wanted South Americas one country44
5913484104Jose de San Martin- Regional military leaders that lead the Spanish America independence45
5913486752Nativism- Cost all or those born in Americas as Americanos46
5913488464Liberals- Advocated for a United people47
5913495941Examples of political unrest and changes in Europe between 1830 and 1914- Suffrage - By 1914 all males had suffrage (right to vote)48
59134974101780 - 1890- Huge change in the Atlantic Slave trade - Enlightenment thinker were critical of slavery49
5913500505Quakers and Protestant evangelicals- Against slavery it is a "repugnant to our religion"50
5913503331Abolitionist movement- Secular, religious, economic and political - Powerful in Britain - Testimony's of slaves, pamphlets, statistics used to persuade51
59135033321807- Forebade that sale of slave inside the Britain empire - In 1834 they freed the slaves52
5913504820Freetown- Britain's naval powers released slaves into this town present day Sierre Leone53
59135070801861 - 1865U.S. Civil War54
59135070811888Brazil last country to do something about slavery55
5913507082Sharecropping- Replaced slavery in the South U.S. - Low-payed; indebted work - Highly dependent work56
5913510345Indentured servants- From India and China to Caribbean, Peru, South America, Hawaii, Malaya - Worked in mines, sugar, plantation, and construction projects.57
5913513378"Radical reconstruction"- A period where blacks enjoyed political rights followed by violent racism58
5913515260Segregation laws- After the radical reconstructions these were put in place59
5913515261"Redemption dues" in Russia- Russian - Gave peasants a portion of the noble's land60
5913518217Nationalism- Pride - Inspired by the end of slavery61
5913522268Levee en masse (Mass conscription)- Young men - into battle - Men - forge arms and transportation -Old men - repair - Children - linen - Women - make tents, cloths, and help out in hospitals62
5913524776Napoleon's conquest- There was a lot of resistance - Haitians63
5913524777Zionism- Small movement wanting a home land in Palestine64
5913528745Nationalism in Egypt- 1870's "Egypt for Egyptians" - British & French <- against65
5913528746Nationalism in Japan- Confronted Europe - Transformed distinct cultured to modern nation66
5913531120Indian National Congress- Wanted a single nation - Western educated in British ruled India67
5913535248Mary Wollstonecraft's Vindication of the rights of Women- Earliest expression of feminist conscious68
5913535249Temperance movement- Middle class women joined - Movement against alcohol69
5913538319Trade unionists- People who come together and work towards a common goal70
5913541036Seneca Falls Convention 1848- 1st organized women's rights convention - New York71
5913541037Elizabeth Cady Stanton- Women's bible - Statement from Declaration of Independence at Seneca Falls72
5913548822National American Women Suffrage Association- 2 million members 1914 - Peaceful Protest73
5913554359Women's Social and Political Union (WSPU)- Violent Protest - Blowing up rail roads and smashing department store74
5913554360Florence Nightingale- Professionalized nursing which drew 1000s75
5913557657Henrik Ibsen's A Doll's House- Heroine in the play that leaves her husband and child76
5913561172Women's Suffrage- Mass movement in the U.S. and Western Europe77

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