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AP World History Chapter 16 Flashcards

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324924939How Did Marthin Luther mass produce the ideas of the 95 thesisThe Printing Press0
324924940The Period when humans being able to understand the world, how it works, human behavior by methods of human reasoningThe Enlightment1
324924941What did Issac Newton StateMathematical laws governed the universe.2
324924942Rulers of the Holy Roman EmpireHassbergs3
324924943Peace of AugsbergGranted princes the rights to choose between Catholicism or Lutheranism4
324924944What arose due to the Parliament's anger with EnglandEnglish Civil War, Glorious War5
324924945What did Calvinism displaySimplicity in dress, life, and worship6
324924946What happened during the Little Ice AgeAverage temperatures dropped a few degrees7
324924947What were Joint-Stock companiesGranted monopolies for trade8
324924948BourgeoisieUrban class that dominated the activities of manufacturing, fiance, and trade.9
324924949Edict of NantesRevoked by Louis XIV which eliminated religious freedom of French protestants10
324924950English Civil WarKing Charles I taxed his people Parliament was unhappy Charles defeated but refused to compromise Charles executed.11
324924951Who dominated trade in the 17th centuryThe Dutch which conducted more than half of the commercial shipping in the world12
324924952John LockeRulers were subjected to the law, and if they stepped outside the law, citizens had the right to rebel.13
324924953What did Louis XIV moving the capital to Versailles showThe French monarch's triumph over the rights of the nobility14
324924954European Merchants relied onFamily and ethnic networks15
324924955What happened due to the end of serfdomPeasenants lived under worse conditions. Pesants relied on Potatos and corn from the Americas especially in the Little Ice Age16
324924956What did the Iron industry doLed to Deforestation but also provided work for miners, lumber-jacks, and charcoal makers17
324924957Why were Women (especially widows) considered being witchesThe belief was that women without male supervision were susceptible to evil.18
324924958Ignatius of Loyolafounded Society of Jesus (Jesuits)19
324924959What two ways did Europeans view the worldReligious (Christianity) Folklore20
324924960Martin Luther's belief of salvationYou could only get to heaven through religious faith in Jesus21
324924961Indulgencesforgiveness of punishment for past sins granted by the church if one made a pilgrimage, saying a prayer, or donations22
324924962Thirty Year WarBrought long-lasting depopulation and economic decline in Holy Roman Empire. But improved Europe's armies in skill and weaponry23
324924963England's armyEngland had no army but did have a strong Navy24
324924964How did European Rulers pay war expensesEuropean rulers made alliances with commercial elites25
324924965What did Enlightened individuals faceBitter opposition from the political, intellectual, and religious establishment26
324924966Urban wealth came from?Manufacturing and Finance27
324924967Stock ExchangesFinancial markets were investors could buy and sell shares in stocks28
324924968PapacyThe central government of Latin Christianity29
324924969Why did the Pope have grater powerLarger donations and tax receipts.30
324924970What was built to show the skills of Renaissance artists and builders as well as enhance the standing of the papacySaint Peter's Basilica31
324924971John CalvinPreached that humans cannot achieve salvation on faith alone but instead you had to be predestined for salvation32
324924972What did the Catholic church do to reaffirm the supremacy of the popeBishops to reside in their diocese and each diocese to have a theological seminary to train priests33
324924973What did Jesuits help stemThe Protestant tide34
324924974WomenUnmarried controlled by father Women of rich man>poor man35
324924975What was different about marriageYoung Men and Women could chose their own spouses Dowry paid by female families36
324924976Why did King Henry III severe his bond with the Catholic churchThe pope would not annul his marriage to Catherine of Aragon37
324924977How did rulers in Spain, France, and England unify statesLimiting the power of the church and nobility38
324924978Europeans believed that natural disasters were caused bySupernatural Causes39
324924979Nicholas Copernicuscame up with a mathimatically simpler solution than the eighty spheres, switching the center of the diffrent orbits from the earth to the sun would reduce the number of spheres needed. Placed the sun at the center of all things not the earth40

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