Terms : Hide Images
| 9059074188 | bourgeoisie (pron. boor-zwah-ZEE) | Term that Karl Marx used to describe the owners of industrial capital; originally meant "townspeople." | 0 | |
| 9059074189 | British Royal Society | Association of scientists established in England in 1660 that was dedicated to the promotion of "useful knowledge." | 1 | |
| 9059074190 | Caste War of Yucatán | Long revolutionary struggle (1847-1901) of the Maya people of Mexico against European and mestizo intruders. | 2 | |
| 9059074191 | Caudillo (pron. kow-DEE-yohs) | A military strongman who seized control of a government in nineteenth-century Latin America. | 3 | |
| 9059074192 | Crimean War | Major international conflict (1854-1856) in which British and French forces defeated Russia; the defeat prompted reforms within Russia. | 4 | |
| 9059074193 | dependent development | Term used to describe Latin America's economic growth in the nineteenth century, which was largely financed by foreign capital and dependent on European and North American prosperity and decisions. | 5 | |
| 9059074194 | Porfirio Díaz (pron. por-FEAR-ee-oh DEE-ahz) | Mexican dictator from 1876 to 1911 who was eventually overthrown in a long and bloody revolution. | 6 | |
| 9059074195 | The Duma (pron. DOOmah) | The elected representative assembly grudgingly created in Russia by Tsar Nicholas II in response to the 1905 revolution. | 7 | |
| 9059074196 | Indian cotton textiles | For much of the eighteenth century, well-made and inexpensive cotton textiles from India flooded Western markets; the competition stimulated the British textile industry to industrialize, which led to the eventual destruction of the Indian textile market both in Europe and in India. | 8 | |
| 9059074197 | Labour Party | British working-class political party established in the 1890s and dedicated to reforms and a peaceful transition to socialism, in time providing a viable alternative to the revolutionary emphasis of Marxism. | 9 | |
| 9059074198 | Latin American export boom | Large-scale increase in Latin American exports (mostly raw materials and foodstuffs) to industrializing countries in the second half of the nineteenth century, made possible by major improvements in shipping; the boom mostly benefited the upper and middle classes. | 10 | |
| 9059074199 | Lenin (pron. vladEE-mirool-YAHN-off ) | Pen name of Russian Bolshevik Vladimir Ulyanov (1870-1924), who was the main leader of the Russian Revolution of 1917. | 11 | |
| 9059074200 | lower middle class | Social stratum that developed in Britain in the nineteenth century and that consisted of people employed in the service sector as clerks, salespeople, secretaries, police officers, and the like; by 1900, this group comprised about 20 percent of Britain's population | 12 | |
| 9059074201 | Karl Marx | The most influential proponent of socialism, Marx (1818-1883) was a German expatriate in England who advocated working class revolution as the key to creating an ideal communist future. | 13 | |
| 9059074202 | Mexican Revolution | Long and bloody war (1911-1920) in which Mexican reformers from the middle class joined with workers and peasants to overthrow the dictator Porfirio Díaz and create a new, much more democratic political order. | 14 | |
| 9059074203 | middle-class values | Belief system typical of the middle class that developed in Britain in the nineteenth century; it emphasized thrift, hard work, rigid moral behavior, cleanliness, and "respectability." | 15 | |
| 9059074204 | Model T | The first automobile affordable enough for a mass market; produced by American industrialist Henry Ford. | 16 | |
| 9059074205 | Owens, Robert | Socialist thinker and wealthy mill owner (1771-1858) who created an ideal industrial community at New Lanark, Scotland. | 17 | |
| 9059074206 | Peter the Great | Tsar of Russia (r. 1689-1725) who attempted a massive reform of Russian society in an effort to catch up with the states of Western Europe. | 18 | |
| 9059074207 | populism | Late-nineteenth-century American political movement that denounced corporate interests of all kinds. | 19 | |
| 9059074208 | progressivism | American political movement in the period around 1900 that advocated reform measures to correct the ills of industrialization. | 20 | |
| 9059074209 | proletariat (pron. proh-li-TARE-ee-at) | Term that Karl Marx used to describe the industrial working class; originally used in ancient Rome to describe the poorest part of the urban population. | 21 | |
| 9059074210 | Russian Revolution of 1905 | Spontaneous rebellion that erupted in Russia after the country's defeat at the hands of Japan in 1905; the revolution was suppressed, but it forced the government to make substantial reforms. | 22 | |
| 9059074211 | socialism in the United States | Fairly minor political movement in the United States, at its height in 1912 gaining 6 percent of the vote for its presidential candidate. | 23 | |
| 9059074212 | steam engine | Mechanical device in which the steam from heated water builds up pressure to drive a piston, rather than relying on human or animal muscle power; the introduction of the steam engine allowed a hitherto unimagined increase in productivity and made the Industrial Revolution possible. | 24 |
