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AP World History Chapter 20 Review Flashcards

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5741330169Jesuits (Society of Jesus)Reform the church through education, spread the Gospel to pagan peoples, fight Protestantism.0
5741330172Dutch East India CompanyMajor trade in Indian Ocean.1
5741333790East India Company of EnglandBritish and other European traders with Qing through Canton.2
5741337073KowtowFormer Chinese custom of touching the ground with the forehead as a sign of respect or submission.3
5741339188Tsar (Czar)Titles for rulers of Russia.4
5741340603BoyarsRussian aristocracy created their individual leadership and representation.5
5741357379SerfsDue to foreign warfare the downgrade of economy lead to the increase in peasant populations.6
5741359491"China"Southern Manchuria and the area dominated by early Ming and Early Korea.7
5741361544Dalai LamaUniversal teacher under Tibetan Buddhism.8
5741364869VariolationSpread of smallpox in Beijing.9
5741367898ChaNorthern China names for tea.10
5741371020Macartney MissionRepresented the EIC and British interest in changing Qing trade system (Canton System).11
5741372982ShogunateLeader of Japan.12
5741376081SamuraiArmy of warriors under Daimyo.13
5741378210SeppukuHonorable ritual suicide of a samurai.14
5741380972Francis XavierMissionary in hopes to convert Japan to Catholicism and eventually gain access to china.15
5741438806Ivan IV ("The Terrible")Expanded Russia eastward and northern into Siberia and Amur River where they came in contact with Galdan's Mongols.16
5741438807Mikhail RomanovRepresentation of the boyar and tried to settle between Turkic people of central Asia, and Christians.17
5741441307CossacksReferred to diverse populations of different ways of living on eastern steppes of people who provided strong military effort.18
5741443671Peter the GreatTsar that modernized Russia by developing ways of western Europe.19
5741446110ManchusFrom Manchuria in Northeastern Asia.20
5741448173Li ZichengLead rebellion that eventually took over Beijing.21
5741448174KangxiWell educated progressive leader of the Qing dynasty that increased superiority on a world base level.22
5741450796Tokugawa IeyasuEnded Japan's civil wars by creating Tokugawa Shogunate.23
5741454120SiberiaNortheastern area later dominated by Russia with thick forests and center for fur trade.24
5741457694MuscovyCenter of the Russian empire that surrounds Moscow.25
5741459692St. PetersburgCity created in Peter the great's reign after the Great Northern War.26
5741528631Ming EmpireKnown for porcelain trade by Europeans, had conflicting issues with Manchu and southern rebellions, eventually taken over by the Qing Empire.27
5741535325Qing Empire.Empire that took over the Ming and reestablished important boundaries.28
5741541086Tokugawa ShogunateNew form of political and military authority that re-united Ming china with a blend of samurai modern rules with former Confucian analects.29
5741544478EdoPresent day Japan, the administrative center for the Tokugawa Shogunate that connected to the main trading center Kyoto.30
5741544479Great Northern WarWar between Russia and Siberia at the Baltic sea, this defined Russia as an official superior power with defined borders.31
5741547348Treaty of KiakhtaRegulated the relations between Imperial Russia and the Qing Empire of China until the mid nineteenth century.32
5741550367Treaty of Nerchinsk (list results)In 1689, it was the first treaty between Russia and China. The Russians gave up the area south of the Amur River and east of the mouth of the Amur River but kept the area between the Amur River and Lake Baikal in exchange for permission to trade with China and China's recognition of the Russian empire.33
5741550368"Closing" of JapanOnly Dutch allowed because they were interested in nothing but trade, destroyed navy and forbade travel.34
5741553180"Forty-Seven Ronin" IncidentGroup of Japanese samurai who avenged the disgrace and suicide of their master, Lord Asano, in 1703 by assassinating Lord Kira, the official responsible for his death.35
5741556534What impact did the Jesuits have on China?1. Came with Portuguese and Spanish merchants to China 2. The Jesuits had success in converting the Chinese elites 3. The Jesuit Matteo Ricci used his mastery of the Chinese language and culture to gain access to the imperial court 4. Emperor Kangxi put Jesuits in important offices 5. Jesuits adapted Catholic Christianity to Chinese cultural tradition and tolerated Confucian ancestor worship to gain converts 6. Introduced the Chinese to the latest European science/technology 7. Declined in the 18th century36
5741556535List 10 accomplishments of Peter the Great.1. Moved Russian capital to St. Petersburg 2. Modernized Russia 3. Led resurgence of arts in Russia 4. Reduced Russian isolation 5. Expanded Russia's land mass and power 6. Made a navy 7. Promoted army officers based on merit, thus improving the army 8. Introduced European trade and technology 9. Streamlined Russian government and communication 10. Crowned Czar at age 1037
5741556536Why was Siberia so valuable?Many Russians felt at home in the forested northern part of Siberia than on the open steppes, and thinly inhabited region teemed with valuable resources. Most prominent was the soft, dense fur that forest animals grew.38
5741559830List 10 reasons why the Ming Dynasty fell.1. Temperature change 2. Mongols and Manchus took land along the Ming border 3. Diseases 4. Revolts 5. Flow of silver caused inflation 6. Taxes hit rural population 7. Use of paper money 8. No growth in agricultural productivity 9. Migration 10. Disorder and inefficiency in urban industrial sector39
5741559831Explain how the early Qing Empire expanded trade.To make trade easier to tax and to limit piracy and smuggling, the Qing permitted only one market point for each foreign sector. Europeans were only allowed to trade in Canton. The "Canton System".40

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