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AP World History Chapter 22 Flashcards

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12540136660What are the two things that the Industrial Revolution means?Increased mechanization of production and the social changes that accompanied the shift.0
12540136661Where did the Industrial Revolution begin and where did it spread first?It began in Britain and spread to other countries in northwest Europe and North America1
12540136662Explain the British Cottage Industry system and how it came about?The system was where merchants provided raw cotton to women into finished cloth in their homes and it was made to compete with Indian cotton2
12540137974How did the Cottage Industries spur Industrial technologies?Inventors demanded faster production to turn out cloth more efficiently3
12540137975What ended the household cottage industry?The water frame4
12540137976Besides the Cotton Gin what other more important invention system did Eli Whitney create? Why was it important to the Industrial Revolution?A system of interchangeable parts for manufacturing firearms in the US military, which led to a division of labour among workers5
12540140210Division of Labor led to what system established by Henry Ford?The moving assembly line6
12540140211What effect did James Watt's steam engine have on Industrialization in England?`It provided an inexpensive way to harness coal power to create steam7
12540141591What effect did steam power have on Ocean travel?Ships were able to travel quickly upstream on rivers instead of having to sail up or be towed by people and animals8
12540141592What effect did the seed drill, crop rotation, and the potato have on Industrialism?Crop rotation and seed drill -increased food production Potato farm -Contributed more calories9
12540141593What effect did the enclosure movement have on the growth of urbanization in England?Enclosure movement caused farmed to become landless and destitute10
12540142914What were three advantages that England had in Industrialization?Britain's geographical advantages ⦁ Coal deposits ⦁ Good for raw material imports ⦁ Good for exporting finished goods11
12540142915What effect did the Atlantic Slave trade have on British capitalism?Atlantic slave trade gave British extra money12
12540144435What role did private property play in the development of Industrialism?Private Property assured that gov't and/or other businesses wouldn't take away their business13
12540144436What were the factors that delayed Industrialism in France?Delayed industrialism in France ⦁ French revolution ⦁ Wars ⦁ Sparsely populated urban centers14
12540145921What were the factors that delayed Industrialism in Germany?Germany delayed industrialization because they were fragmented into small states15
12540145922What role did immigrants play in the creation of American Industrialism?US immigrants provided labour force to work in factories16
12540147378What was the difference between the first Industrialism and what was called the second Industrial Revolution?1st Revolution ⦁ Textiles, steam power, iron 2nd revolution ⦁ Steel, chemical, precision machinery, electronics17
12540147379What realization did Japan come to in light of the treatment of China by United States and England?China was humiliated by the west and Japan noticed, realized they needed to industrialize to protect themselves18
12540147380How did industrialism affect gender roles in Japan and England?Japan replicated abuse of female workers, similar to the British19
12540148526Explain the successes of Russian industrialism?Industrialism in Russia ⦁ Became 4th largest producer of steel20
12540148527How did industrialism affect women and children roles?Had to leave homes and neighbourhoods for a long time to survive21
12540150393Explain working conditions for children in the factories?-Oppressive heat -Heavy loads -Climbing into small spots -Worked at as young as 522
12540150394What were three problems of urbanization?3 problems of urbanization ⦁ Disease ⦁ Damaging ecological footprint ⦁ Inhumane living conditions23
12540152140Why were the working class easily replaced in the factory system?Working class easily replaced because ⦁ Low skilled ⦁ Not as efficient as machines24
12540152141Give a description of the new middle class white collar workers?white collar workers ⦁ literate ⦁ considered middle class25
12540152142Why did factories prefer to hire women?They were able to pay them less26
12540154051What did it mean if you were a stay at home wife?-Was a status symbol -Meant husband could be the sole provider27
12540154052What effect did the cult of domesticity have on the working class women?Women had to manage household, children, and work full time28
12540156042How did consumerism and leisure sports represent the bleak factory working conditions?Made leisure and material goods an important escape from conditions29
12540156043What effect did Industrialism have on environmental conditions?Water pollution and toxic air pollution30
12540156044What can a stock-holder lose and not lose when a company goes bankrupt?Can only lose what they paid for the stock, not liable for bankruptcy/debt31
12540157288What were companies trying to do when they formed monopolies?-Eliminate competition -Control all aspects of a market32
12540157289What were four things unions accomplished in Great Britain?Union accomplishments in Great Britain ⦁ Minimum wage laws ⦁ Limits on hrs worked ⦁ Overtime pay ⦁ Estimated of 5 day work week33
12540158625How did unions affect voter rights in Europe?Union vote rights ⦁ Reduced property ownership qualifications ⦁ Gave more representation to British Cities34
12540158626What were the two major social changes that occurred from 1843 and 1881 in regards to children?1843 ⦁ Children under 10 banned from working in coal mines 1881 ⦁ Education mandatory for 5-10 y/o British Children35
12540160197What three social changes did Otto von Bismarck institute in Germany?Otto von Bismarck - Germany ⦁ Worker's accident compensation ⦁ Unemployment ⦁ Old age pension ⦁ Insurances36
12540160198How did industrialism affect interdependence between nations?Interdependence between nations after industrialization ⦁ Encouraged and increased ⦁ Greater connections ⦁ Formation of international unions37
12540162326How did Adam Smith's ideas and John Stuart Mill's ideas affect industrialism and economics? (Be General)Adam smith ⦁ Business shouldn't be regulated gov't ⦁ Laissez-faire John Stuart ⦁ Social reforms ie. Child labour ⦁ Growing problems should be focused on38
12540162327What did Utopian Socialists advocate for?Utopian socialists ⦁ Socialism ⦁ Resources shared/owned by everyone39
12540163757What was the means of production described by Marx?Machines, factories, mines, and land40
12540163758What were some of the contradictions of Marx?At times he advocated for democracy, but other times he favoured a "dictatorship of the proletariat"41
12540163759What did Anarchism advocate for in response to economics and government?Argued for nearly all national gov't to be abolished and for local communities to run themselves42
12540165376What were two positive aspects of industrialism?Pros of industrial revolution ⦁ Goods cheaper ⦁ More accessible ⦁ Goods made faster43
12540165377What were two negative aspects of industrialism?Cons of industrial revolution ⦁ Polluted air and water ⦁ Family life changed, works goes from homes to factories44
12540167344What long term effect did industrialism have on colonization?Colonization ⦁ Global inequalities increased ⦁ Second war began ⦁ Early industrialization destroyed in Egypt, China, India45

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