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AP World History Chapter 4 Flashcards

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7819609848AnimismReligion; All living and non-living things have a spirit0
7819743506Characteristics of Animism- Unorganized - Ancestor Worship - Belief of many early civilizations1
7819827146What was Animism associated with?Holy men/women, visions, trances, dances, sacred items/places2
7819838857Where does Animism exists now?Traditional African, Asian, American, and Aboriginal cultures3
7819845606HinduismReligion; belief in one unifying spirit, Brahman; Polytheistic/Monotheistic4
7819863135Characteristics of Hinduism- Concept of reincarnation (rebirth) - Karma - Dharma - Caste system - No single founder5
7819885522KarmaThe sum of all deeds good and bad6
7819889148DharmaThe duties dependent on your position, gender, and occupation7
7819902201Caste System(Outlawed in 1948) Social classes into which a person is born and lives the rest of their lives8
7819917231What did Karma and Dharma have to do with the Caste System?Souls moved up and down the social hierarchy depending on past karma and dharma9
7823209250Vedas and UpanishadsSacred Hindu texts; Hindu beliefs were written in them10
7849251583RamayanaHindu creation story; described ideal marriage11
7930273619VedasWisdom12
7930273620How many Vedas were there and who were they made by?4 Vedas; The Aryans13
7930273621UpanishadsSitting in front of; Explanations for the complexities of the Hindu faith14
7930273622MahabharataA long epic poem describing a civil war in the city of Delhi15
7930273623Ganges RiverHindu's consider it to be the most sacred river in India16
7930273624BuddhismBased of the four noble truths (discovered by Siddharta Gautama)17
7930273625Siddharta GuatamaThe Buddha; Founder of Buddhism18
7930273626Four Signs that the Buddha saw to become a spiritual leader- Sick man - Old man - Dead man - Monk - Holy Man19
7930273627The Great RenunciationGautama giving up his wealth and family to find spiritual enlightenment20
7930273628BuddhaThe Enlightened One21
7930273629Four Noble Truths- We all suffer - Suffering is caused by desire for things that are illusions - The way to elimimate suffering is to eliminate desire - Follow the Eightfold Path will help people to overcome desire22
7930273630Eightfold PathBuddhist moral guide to life23
7930273631Steps to the Eightfold PathRight view, right intentions, right speech, right actions, right livelihood, right effort, right concentration, right mindfulness24
7930273632How were Buddhism and Hinduism alike?- Reincarnation - Karma - Dharma25
7930273633How are Buddhism and Hinduism different?- Caste System - Hindu Gods - Hindu Priesthood26
7930273634TripitakaScared Buddhist Texts27
7930273635Tibetan BuddhistsLed by Dalai Lama28
7930273636Dalai LamaAdvocates for freedom from China29
7930273637Theraveda/Hinayana/The Lesser VehicleThe earliest form of Buddhism in which the Buddha was a teacher not a divine being30
7930273638Mahayana/The Great VehicleNew form of Buddhism; Turned the Buddha into a god; allowed people to give money to monasteries to earn salvation31
7930534046BoddahisatvasPeople who had earned salvation but postponed it to help others reach it32
7930540712NirvanaBuddhist release from reincarnation/salvation33
7930551163JudaismOne of the first monotheistic religions34
7930556467AbrahamFounder of Judaism35
7930560659Jewish Holy DaySaturday36
7930560660RabbiJewish religious leader37
7930567184Synagogue/TempleJewish Church38
7930568893TorahSacred scripture recording laws and events in Jewish history39
7930572037Jewish SymbolSix-pointed Star of David40
7930579673Jewish Ethical and Moral Guidelines10 Commandments; Given to the Hebrews by God41
7930585077CovenantSolemn promise42
7930592617Who discriminated against the Jewish people?The Roman Empire43
7930597370Where was the Hebrew homeland?Israel (Palestine)44
7930601799DiasporaDispursed45
7930604303ChristianityOriginally a branch of Judaism; Believed Jesus was the messiah sent by God to bring eternal life to anyone who would follow him46
7930614592BibleSacred text of Christianity47
7930616233ChristAnointed One48
7930621658Paul of TarsusEarly convert; Offered Christianity to all including Gentiles49
7930627541GentilesNon-jews50
7930631249Peter and PaulExecuted by Nero in Rome in 67 b.c.51
7930638486Who did Christianity appeal to?- Lower class - Urban populations - Women52
7930645283First Christian Countries- Armenia - Ethiopia - Egypt53
7930655080Petrine DoctrinePeter was the first pope and head of the Church54
7930665368Where was the headquarters of the early Christian Church?Rome55
7930669268ZoroastrianismAn early monotheistic religion that started in Persia and was centered around the god Ahura Mazda56
7930678432Ahura MazdaGod of Goodness57
7930681284AhrimanGod of Evil58
7930686944Three Chinese Philosophies- Legalism - Confucianism - Daoism59
7930694844LegalismA pessimistic view of human nature that said people need strict laws and harsh punishments60
7930709024The importance of what people were stressed during Legalism in China?Farmers and soldiers61
7930713982When was Legalism most important?During the Qin Dynasty62
7930718348ConfucianismBelieved in education, respect for elders, active role in society, ceremonies and rituals, and patriarchy63
7930732746When was Confucianism most important?During the Zha Dynasty64
7930735850KongfuziFounder of Confucianism65
7930743711What did Confucianism become the basis of?Chinese education and the Civil Service System66
7930753273What people were considered low class by Confucianism?Military and Merchants67
7930767244When did Confucianism decline and when did is become important again?Qin Dynasty; Han Dynasty68
7931444141DaoismBelieved that education was unimportant, in withdrawing from life, the practice of acupuncture, yin and yang, fortune telling and magic69
7931444142LaoziFounder of Daoism70
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