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AP World History Chapter 4 Flashcards

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2998560462Xiongnupowerful nomadic group located to the north of china, they were the primary reason for the construction of the great wall0
2998563264Cleisthenesathenian spokesman; credited with establishing the world's first democratic government1
2998564883Legalismharsh, rigid style of governmental rule found in classical qin china; focused on the censorship of scholarly works, and included severe penalties for breaking the law2
2998564884Hoplitesgreek foot soldiers3
2998567772Attila the Huninfamous barbarian invader who led a series of attacks on the roman empire during the mid-400's C.E.; was surprisingly persuaded to spare and leave rome for breaking the law4
2998576626Ioniaa small series of greek settlements along the anatolian seacoast that came under the rule of an expanding persian empire5
2998578485Aristotlegreek philosopher and scholar; tutor of the legendary macedonian leader alexander the great6
2998580070Patriciansa wealthy social class found in classical era from roman society7
2998581904Pax Romanaa stable, prosperous period within the context of classical roman society; generally considered to be the height of roman imperial power and influence8
2998583691Helotsconquered peoples, who lived in slave like conditions within classical spartan society9
2998585830Julius Caesarmember of the first triumvirate along with crassus and pompey; eventually established himself as the first dictatior of rome; assasinated by members of the roman senate10
2998587922Ahura Mazdagreat deity of goodness in the classical era persian empire11
2998589313Herodotusviewed as the "father of greek history," it is his works that provide a detailed account of the legendary battles of the persian war12
2998590807Qin Shihuangdichinese leader who ended the period of the "seven warring states" and consolidated power in china around 221 B.C.E.; commissioned the building of the great wall, and implemented the policies of legalism within the empire itself13
2998590808Octaviangrand-nephew of the legendary julius caesar, and a member of the second triumvirate; renamed caesar augustus by the roman senate, and ascended to the position of "first citizen" of rome; first true roman emperor14
2998592986Persialegendary empire located in modern day iran; engaged in a series of battles against the greek city states during the early days of the classical era; monotheistic based society, which favored the formation of satrapies to assist in running the various aspects of its government15
2998595048Twelve Tablesthe formal name for the codified system of roman law; it borrowed heavily from the ancient mesopotamian ideologies included within the code of hammurabi16
2998597691Eunchscastrated officials within the classical chinese government who were loyal to the emperor and tended to feud with members of the wealthy aristocracy, the scholargentry17
2998599007Cyrus the Greatfirst leader of the achaemenid, or persian, empire; nicknamed the"lawgiver" by the hebrew people, after he freed them from babylonian rule, and allowed them to return home to jerusalem18
2998601034Wendifounder of the short-lived sui dynasty of china, who supported the state sponsorship of buddhism as an official religion within chinese border19
2998601035Senatelegislative body of the roman republic, who typically served in an advisor role to the populace itself; it orignally consisted of 300 members, but ballooned to 900 during the reign of caesar augustus20
2998604632Persepolisthe persian capital21
2998604633Ashokalegendary leader of the mauryan empire; fair and virtous, he would eventually break from the custom of his people and convert to the ideals of buddhist thought22
2998608131Darius the Greatpersian leader who empasized the philosophy of autocratic (absolute) leadership, however, he was generally tolerant of other religions and cultural ideologies23
2998608132Wudiemperor of the han dynasty, who established the world's first true civil service examination system, which incorporated vast elements of confucian thought into its overall political and social structure24
2998610548Alexander the Greatlegendary macedononian ruler, who established an expansive empire that covered regions in; syria, egypt, persia, and the northern part of classical era india; founder of the hellenistic era, which is credited with spreading the various aspects of greek civilization throughout the mediterranean basin25
2998613062Yellow Turbin Rebelliona major peasant revolt which took place in classical era china around 184 C.E.26
2998613063Socratesathenian orator and philosopher, who formulated the question and answering method of learning within classical era greek circles; eventually forced to commit suicide by drinking the poison hemlock, for "corrupting athenian youth"27

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