Terms : Hide Images
| 8617145761 | Ottoman Empire | Islamic state founded by Osman in northwestern Anatolia ca. 1300. After the fall of the Byzantine Empire, the Otto- man Empire was based at Istanbul (formerly Constan- tinople) from 1453 to 1922. It encompassed lands in the Middle East, North Africa, the Caucasus, and eastern Europe. 19.548 | 0 | |
| 8617145762 | Suleiman the Magnificent | The most illustrious sultan of the Ottoman Empire (r. 1520- 1566); also known as Suleiman Kanuni, "The Lawgiver." He significantly expanded the empire in the Balkans and eastern Mediterranean. 19.548 | 1 | |
| 8617145763 | Janissaries | Infantry, origi- nally of slave origin, armed with firearms and constituting the elite of the Ottoman army from the fifteenth century until the corps was abolished in 1826. 19.551 | 2 | |
| 8617145764 | Tulip Period | (1718-1730) Last years of the reign of Ottoman sultan Ahmed III, during which European styles and attitudes became briefly popular in Istanbul. 19.555 | 3 | |
| 8617145765 | Safavid Empire | Iranian kingdom (1502-1722) established by Ismail Safavi, who declared Iran a Shi'ite state. 19.557 | 4 | |
| 8617145766 | Shi'ites | Muslims belonging to the branch of Islam believing that God vests leadership of the community in a descendant of Muhammad's son-in-law Ali. Shi'ism is the state religion of Iran. 19.557 | 5 | |
| 8617145767 | Hidden Imam | Last in a series of twelve descen- dants of Muhammad's son-in-law Ali, whom Shi'ites consider divinely appointed leaders of the Muslim community. In occlusion since ca. 873, he is expected to return as a messiah at the end of time. 19.558 | 6 | |
| 8617145768 | Shah Abbas I | The fifth and most renowned ruler of the Safavid dynasty in Iran (r. 1587-1629). Abbas moved the royal capital to Isfahan in 1598. 19.558 | 7 | |
| 8617145769 | Mughal Empire | Muslim state (1526-1857) exercising dominion over most of India in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries. 19.561 | 8 | |
| 8617145770 | Akbar | Most illustrious sultan of the Mughal Empire in India (r. 1556-1605). He expanded the empire and pursued a policy of conciliation with Hindus. 19.561 | 9 | |
| 8617145771 | Mansabs | In India, grants of land given in return for service by rulers of the Mughal Empire. 19.561 | 10 | |
| 8617145772 | Rajputs | Members of a mainly Hindu warrior caste from northwest India. The Mughal emperors drew most of their Hindu officials from this caste, and Akbar married a Rajput princess. 19.561 | 11 | |
| 8617145773 | Acheh Sultanate | Muslim kingdom in northern Sumatra. Main center of Islamic expansion in Southeast Asia in the early seventeenth century, it declined after the Dutch seized Malacca from Portugal in 1641. 19.564 | 12 | |
| 8617145774 | Oman | Arab state based in Musqat, the main port in the southeast region of the Ara- bian peninsula. Oman suc- ceeded Portugal as a power in the western Indian Ocean in the eighteenth century. 19.566 | 13 | |
| 8617145775 | Swahili | Bantu language with Arabic loanwords spoken in coastal regions of East Africa. 19.566 | 14 | |
| 8617145776 | Batavia | Fort established ca. 1619 as headquarters of Dutch East India Company operations in Indonesia; today the city of Jakarta. 19.567 | 15 |
