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AP World History: Classical Civilization--India, Pt. 2 Flashcards

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4949887465Epic/Vedic Age1500-700 B.C.E +/-0
4949887466HinduismDeveloped gradually over time, and has no single founder or central holy figure.1
4949887467ArthaEconomic and political goals embedded in Hinduism.2
4949887468VarunaOriginally god of the sky who came to be the guardian of ideas of right and wrong.3
4949887469UpanishadsHindu writings that stressed the shallowness of worldly concerns in favor of contemplation of the divine spirit.4
4949887471Brahma(n)Basic holy essence. The eternal being that created and preserves the world. All encompassing including all of creation. Has many manifestations called devas.5
4949887472BrahminsThe highest ranking varna. The priestly class.6
4949887476YogaSelf-discipline practice that means "union," that pursues freeing the mind to concentrate on the divine spirit.7
4949887477DharmaA person's spiritual duties and obligations, which he or she must follow to achieve liberation.8
4949887478KarmaThe sum effect of a person's actions, both good and bad, which shape future experiences.9
4949887479MokshaLiberation; release from the cycle of reincarnation, and joining on with Atman.10
4949887480SamsaraReincarnation; the cycle of birth, death, and rebirth a person follows before achieving liberation.11
4949887481Bhagavad GitaClassic sacred hymn about a warrior who is sent to do battle against his own relatives.12
4949887482AccommodationAspect of Hinduism that allowed for extreme spirituality, rules of conduct for everyday life, and an emphasis on the distinction between good and evil behavior.13
4949887483Siddhartha GautamaBecame the Buddha, or "enlightened one."14
4949887484BuddhaAccepted the Hindu belief of reincarnation, but denied the practice of caste.15
4949887487PanchatantraLiterary work that included stories such as Sinbad the Sailor and Jack the Giant.16
4949887488AryabhattaIndian scholar who calculated the length of the solar year.17
4949887489ZeroMathematical concept invented by Indians, but it and the "Arabic" numbering system were imported second hand from Arabs.18
4949887490StupaA spherical shrine to Buddha sponsored by Ashoka.19
4949887491StylizedIndian art that moved away from realistic portrayals of the human form.20
4949887492HierarchyBoth the caste system and family structures emphasized a male dominated existence.21
4949887493Arranged MarriageContracted by parents for their children, especially girls, to ensure solid economic links.22

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