huge review of all major terms in world history
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| 62922730 | prehistory v. history | Prehistory: no written documents; History: written proof of history | 0 | |
| 62922731 | Features of Civilization | social etiquette, religion, education, liturature | 1 | |
| 62922732 | Stages of hominid develoment | Austrolopithecus, homo habilis, home erectus, homo sapiens | 2 | |
| 62922733 | "Out of Africa" | humans originated from Afr4ica and proliferated v. originated from Africa but multiple geographical locations first 100 million years | 3 | |
| 62922734 | Paleolithic Era | Old Stone Age | 4 | |
| 62922735 | Neolithic Era | New Stone Age | 5 | |
| 62922736 | family units, clans, tribes | A group of people sharing common ancestry | 6 | |
| 62922737 | Foraging Societies | Nomadic, small communities and populations, no political system, economic distribution is more equal | 7 | |
| 62922738 | nomadic hunters/gatherers | move place to place according to environment - adapts to environment | 8 | |
| 62922739 | Ice Age | Period of time where earth is covered partly in ice | 9 | |
| 62922740 | civilization | changes when agriculture started | 10 | |
| 62922741 | Neolithic Revolution | farming uses; start of agriculture | 11 | |
| 62922742 | Domestication of plants and animals | Farming System where taken to different pastures in order to find fresh pastures | 12 | |
| 62922743 | nomadic pastoralism | slash and burn; once land has been depleted, move on to let soil recover | 13 | |
| 62922744 | migratory farmers | farmers who migrate instead of settling after using up the land | 14 | |
| 62922745 | partrilineal/patrilocal | live with husbands family. traced through father's lineage | 15 | |
| 62922746 | irrigation systems | replacement of supplementation of rainfall with water from another source in order to grow crops | 16 | |
| 62922747 | metalworking | craft or practice of working with medals to create other parts or structures. It requires skill and the use of many different tools | 17 | |
| 62922748 | ethnocentrism | to look at the world from the perspective of one's own culture | 18 | |
| 62922749 | foraging | looking for food | 19 | |
| 62922750 | sedentary agriculture | domestication of plants and animals | 20 | |
| 62922751 | shifting civilization | process by which people take an area of land to use for agriculture. only to aandon it a short time later | 21 | |
| 62922752 | slash and burn agriculture | trees cut down, plots made for agriculture | 22 | |
| 62922753 | matrilineal | system in which one belogns to mother's lineage | 23 | |
| 62922754 | cultural diffusion | spread of ideas and material culture, especially if these occur independently of population movement | 24 | |
| 62922755 | independent invention | creative innovations of new solutions to old and new problems | 25 | |
| 62922756 | specialization of labor | specialization of co-operative labour in specific, curcumscibed tasks and orlles, intended to increase efficiency of output | 26 | |
| 62922757 | gender division of labor | labor divided between man and woman, hunting and gathering ect.. | 27 | |
| 62922758 | metallurgy and metalworking | the physical and chemical behavior of metallic elements and thier mixtures, which are called alloys. craft and practice of working with metals to create parts or structures | 28 | |
| 62922759 | Fertile Cresent | a region in the Middle East encoporating present-day Isreal, West Bank, and Lebanon and parts of Jordan, Syria, Iraq and south-eastern Trukey | 29 | |
| 62922760 | Gilgamesh | became a legendary protagonist in the Epic of Gilgamesh | 30 | |
| 62922761 | Hammurabi's Law Code | first set o defined laws within a civilzation | 31 | |
| 62922762 | Egypt | the civilization of the Lower Nile Valley, between the first Cataract and the mouths of the Nile Delta, from circa 3300 BC until the conquest of Alexander the Great in 332 BC. As a civilization based on irrigation, it is the quintessential example of a hydraulic empire | 32 | |
| 62922763 | Egyptian Book of the Dead | common name for the ancient Egyptian funerary texts. Constituted a collection of spells, charms, passwords, numbers, and magical formulas for use by the deceased in the afterlifce, describing many of the basic tenets of Egyptian mythology. There were intended to guide the dead through the various trials that they woul.d encounter before reaching the underwold. Knowledge of gthe appropraite spells was considered essential to achieving happiness after death. | 33 | |
| 62922764 | pyramids | tombs for egyptian kings | 34 | |
| 62922765 | hieroglyphics | system of writing used the Anciet Egyptians, using a combinations of logographic, syllabic and alphabetic elements | 35 | |
| 62922766 | Indus Valley Civilization | an ancient civilization thriving along the Indus Rivre and the Ghaggar-Hakra river in what is now Pakistan and western India. The Indus Valley Civilization is also sometimes referred to as the Harappan Civilization of the Indus Valley, in reference to its first excavated city of Harappa | 36 | |
| 62922767 | early China | Xia, Shang, Zhou, Warring States period, Quin, Han | 37 | |
| 62922768 | the Celts | group of peoples that occupied lands stretching from the British Isles to Hallatia. Went to war with the Romans | 38 | |
| 66927855 | the Hittities and iron weapons | first to work rion, first to enter iron age, cortolled central asatolia, north-western syeria down to Ugarit, and Mesopotamia down to Babylong, alsted from roughly 1680 BC to about 1180 BC. After 1180 BC, the Hittite poity disentegrated as late as around 700 BC. | 39 | |
| 66927856 | the Assyrians and cavalry warfare | indigenous people of Mesopotamia and have a history spanning over 6700 years, Strted cavlry warfar? | 40 | |
| 66927857 | The Persian Empire | used to refer to a number of historic dynasties that have ruled the coutry of Pesia (Iran). the Achaemenid Empire that emerged under Cyrus the Great that is usually the earliest to be called Persian. Successive states in Iran before 1935 are collectively called the Persian Empire by Western historians | 41 | |
| 66927858 | The Hebrews and monotheism | descendants of biblical Patriarch Eber; were people who lived in the Levant, which was politically Canaan when they first arrived in the area. First monotheistic grou; Yahweh. | 42 | |
| 66927859 | the Phoenians and the alphabet | enterprising maritime trading culture that spread right across the Mediterranean during the first millennium BC. Frist form of language | 43 | |
| 66927860 | the Lydians and coinage | ancient kingdon of Asia Minor, first to mint coins | 44 | |
| 66927861 | Greek city-states | region controlled exclusively by Greek, and usually having sovereighty. EX. Crete | 45 | |
| 66927862 | democracy | form of government in which policy is decided by the preference of the majority in a decision - making process, usually elections of referendums, open to all or most citizens | 46 | |
| 66927863 | Persian Wars | a series of conflicts between the Greek world and the Persian Empier that started anbout 500 BC and lasted until 448BC | 47 | |
| 66927864 | Peloponnesian War | began in 431 BC between the Athenian Empire (or the Delian League) and teh Peloponnesian Leageue which included Sparta and Corinth | 48 | |
| 66927865 | Alexander the Great | United Ancient Greece; Hellenistic Age, conqured a large empire | 49 | |
| 66927866 | Hellenism | shift from a culture dominated by ethnic Greeks to a culture dominated by Greek-speakers of various ethnicities, and from the political dominacne of the city-state to that of larger monarchies. In theis period the traditional Greek culture was changed by strong Easter influences, especially Persian, in aspects of religion and government. Cultural centeres shifted away from mainland Greece to Peramon, Rhones, Antioch and Alexandrai | 50 | |
| 66927867 | Homer | legendary early Greek poet and rhapsode traditionally creditied with authorship of the major Greek epicsIllian and Odyssey | 51 | |
| 66927868 | Socrates and Plato | Greek philopher/studen | 52 | |
| 66927869 | Aristotle | Along with Plato, he is often considered to be one of the tow mst influential philosophers in Western thought. He wrote many books about physics, poetry, zoology, logic, governmnet and biology | 53 | |
| 66927870 | Western scientific thought | Systematic approach of obervation, hypothesis formation, hypothosis testing and pypothesis evaluationthat forms the baisis for modern science | 54 | |
| 66927871 | Proman Republic | republican governmnet of the city of Rome and its territoreis from 510 BC until the establishment of the Roman Empire, whihc somethimes placed at 44 BC the year of Ceasar's appointment as perpetual dictoator or, more commonly, 27 BC the year that the Roman Senate granted Octavian the title "Augustus" | 55 | |
| 66927872 | plebians v. patricians | peasants/ slaves v. elite/upperclass | 56 | |
| 66927873 | Punic Wars | series of three wars fought beetween Rome and Phoenician city of Carthage. Reason: clash of interests between teh expanding Carthaginian and Roman spheres of influence | 57 | |
| 66927874 | Julius Ceasar | Roman military and political leader. He was instrumental in the transformation of the Roman Republic into the Roman Empire. Dictator for life. | 58 | |
| 66927875 | Roman Empire | Ancient Roman polity in the centuries following its reorganization under the leadership of Octavian | 59 | |
| 66927876 | Qin, Han, Tang Dynasties | First three dynasites of China that we have recordings of. First of centralized China | 60 | |
| 66927877 | Shi Huangdi | kind of the Chinease State of Win form 247 BC to 221 BC, and then the first emperor of a unified Chian from 221 BC to 210 BC, ruling under the name First Emperor | 61 | |
| 66927878 | Chinese tributary system | form of conducting diplomatic and political relations with china after the fall of the Qin Dynasty | 62 | |
| 66927879 | the Silk Road | interconnected series of routes through Southern Asia traversed by caravan and ocean vessel | 63 | |
| 66927880 | Nara and Hein Japan | last division of classical Japanese history, running from 791 to 1185. the Heian period is considered the peak of the Japanese imperial court and noted for its art, especially poetry and literature. Nara: agricultureal in nature, centered around villages. Most of teh villagers followed the Shinto religion, based around the worshop of natural and ancesteral spirits | 64 | |
| 66927881 | the Fujiwara clan | dominated the Japanese politics of Heian period | 65 | |
| 66927882 | Lady Murasaki and "The Tale.. | written by Murasaki. First novel of japanese/world liturature | 66 | |
| 66927883 | Central Asia and Mongolia | historiacaly been closely teid to its nomadic peoples and the Silk Road. As a result, it has acted as a crossraods for the movement between Europe, the Middle East, South Asia and East Asai. | 67 |
