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AP WORLD HISTORY Flashcards

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5474568767Capitalismeconomic system; based on open competition in a free market0
5474574399Urbanizationnatural growth of increasing efficiencies in farming and agriculture1
5474577437Standard of Livingstandard family was middle class, happy, healthy: made them productive and loyal2
5474579308Louis PasteurFrench scientist who discovered germ and disease had relations, led to better sanitation3
5474584109Edward JennerEnglish physician, discovered cowpox which conferred immunity for smallpox4
5474586715Henry Bessemerbuilt the blast furnace which produced steal in large amounts, cheaply5
5474593020Redistributionany process that relocated household income, such as Taxation and inflation6
5474598911Eli WhitneyAn American inventor who invented the cotton gin; contributed to interchangeable parts7
5474602822James Wattcreated a steam engine in the 1770's that could be used in many industries for production8
5474607050James HargreavesMan who invented the spinning jenny; beginning of machines doing man's work9
5474612767Spinning Jennyearly machine with more than one spindle10
5474614822Raw materialsthe basic material made from a plant11
5474616298Cottage Industriesindependent women are the laborers(Normally), small scale industries that can be done in home such as weaving, sewing, and carving12
5474620910Enclosure Movementstarting prior to the industrial revolution; the fencing of pasture land13
5474622811Textilea type of cloth or woven fabric14
5474627838Industrial revolutionthe change from an agricultural to industrial societies; from home production to factory production especially in England from 1750 to 185015
5474631307Spheres of Influencesgeographical area in which one nation is very influential16
5474634930Protectoratesalso known as the puppet nation; when one country's foreign affairs are controlled by another17
5474638260Coloniesa country or area under the full or partial political control of another country, typically a distant one, and occupied by settlers from that country18
5474643257Franco Prussian WarGerman war with France that ended the with the defeat of France and Germany being unified into a single state under Prussia19
5474644904PrussiaGerman state that led the way to creating economic, military, and political unity among the German states20
5474648769Realpolitikalso known as realistic politics; power more important than principle; ends means of justification21
5474911599Otto Von Bismarckprime minister of of Prussia with conservative views architect of German unification in 1871 under the Prussian king; maintained political stability with liberal reforms22
5474917654Papal Statespowerful states ruled by the pope; later would become Italy23
5474919244Giuseppe Garibaldileader of Guerrillas who defeated the army of the kingdom of sicilies24
5474924216Count Cavouralso known as count camillo di Cavour; architect in Italy in 1815; created a constitutional Italian monarch under the king of Piedmont25
5474933329Congress of Viennamet in 1815 after defeat of France to restore the European balance of powers26
5474936052Conservationpolitical view from Europe in the 19th century; wanted restoration of monarchy and the church; opposed revolutionary views27
5474938855Liberalismpolitical ideology that stressed limited government, government representation of the people, urged importance of parliament and the constitution; western Europe during the 19th century28
5474941327Napoleonic Codecivil code made by Napoleon used to grant equality to male citizens before laws were made to secure wealth and property29
5474943982Nationalismthe loyalty the people have to their traditions, cultures, geographic territory, ethnicity, & ideas of rule30
5474949018Adam SmithScottish Economist; advocated private enterprise and free trade31
5474949019Socialismpolitical and economic theory; social organization that advocates production, distribution, and exchange means should be owned and regulated by the community32
5474951627CommunismA theory of social organization based on the holding of property but the ownership is the community's as a whole33
5474951628Karl MarxGerman Socialist; saw history as a class struggle between groups of power and control of production34
5474954927Friedrich EngelsGerman Communist; helped Karl Marx with writing the Communist Manifesto35
5474957212Redistribution of Weatha concept of socialism; the transfer of income and wealth from some individual to others36
5474957213Child Laborusing children to do work in industries or businesses37
5474958841Harshcruel or unpleasantly rough38
5474958842Lobbiedtried to influence the action of other due to your beliefs39
5474961378Labor Uniongroup of employees that bargain with their employer40

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