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AP World History Flashcards

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2820888346Civilizationthe stage of human social development and organization that is considered most advanced0
2820888347Monumental Agricultureto archaeologists anyway, refers to large man-made structures of stone or earth1
2820888951Ziggurata rectangular stepped tower, sometimes surmounted by a temple2
2820888952Cuneiformdenoting or relating to the wedge-shaped characters used in the ancient writing systems of Mesopotamia3
2820889273Hieroglyphicsdesignating or pertaining to a pictographic script, particularly that of the ancient Egyptians, in which many of the symbols are conventionalized, recognizable pictures of the things represented4
2820889957Vedas/Vedic Traditionthe most ancient Hindu scriptures, written in early Sanskrit and containing hymns, philosophy, and guidance on ritual for the priests of Vedic religion5
2820889958Zoroastrianisman Iranian religion, founded c600 b.c. by Zoroaster, the principal beliefs of which are in the existence of a supreme deity, Ahura Mazda, and in a cosmic struggle between a spirit of good and a spirit of evil6
2820890688Polytheismthe belief of many gods7
2820890689Monotheismthe belief of one god8
2820891103Environmental Determinismthe belief that the physical environment predisposes human social development towards particular trajectories9
2820891388Mandate of Heavenan ancient Chinese belief and philosophical idea that tiān (heaven) granted emperors the right to rule based on their ability to govern well and fairly10
2820891902Pictographic Writinga form of writing which uses representational, pictorial drawings, similarly to cuneiform and, to some extent, hieroglyphic writing, which also uses drawings as phonetic letters or determinative rhymes11
2820892272Oracle Bonespieces of turtle shell or bone, normally from ox scapulae or turtle plastrons, which were used for pyromancy - a form of divination - in ancient China, mainly during the late Shang dynasty12
2820892273Pharoha ruler in ancient Egypt13
2820892274Urcity of ancient Sumer14
2820892275Centralizedconcentrate (control of an activity or organization) under a single authority15
2820892744Decentralizedtransfer (authority) from central to local government16
2820892745City-Statesa city that with its surrounding territory forms an independent state17
2820893557Ancestor Venerationthe custom of venerating deceased ancestors who are considered still a part of the family and whose spirits are believed to have the power to intervene in the affairs of the living18
2820893558Aryansrelating to or denoting a people speaking an Indo-European language who invaded northern India in the 2nd millennium BC19
2820893559Hierarchya system or organization in which people or groups are ranked one above the other according to status or authority20
2820893973Divineof, from, or like God or a god21
2820893974Barteringexchange (goods or services) for other goods or services without using money22
2820893975Irrigationthe watering of land to make it ready for agriculture23
2820894799Hammarabi's Codea well-preserved Babylonian law code of ancient Mesopotamia, dating back to about 1754 BCE. It is one of the oldest deciphered writings of significant length in the world24
2820894800Iron Metallurgy1000 BCE used iron, replaced bronze b/c bronze was too expensive25
2820894861Chariotsa two-wheeled horse-drawn vehicle used in ancient warfare and racing26

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