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AP World History Flashcards

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3694158844Paleolithic (Stone) AgeLasting about 2 million years, humans learned simple tool use and hunting and gathering skills0
3694158845Neolithic RevolutionThe development of agriculture leading to population growth and expansion in all areas of the world1
3694158846Bronze AgePeriod where metalwork was perfected, specifically bronze2
3694158847Slash and burn agricultureAgricultural method where group of people would burn trees down and farm intensively off area until the soil is depleted, then move on3
3694158848Çatal HüyükNeolithic village in present day Turkey, one of the first civilizations4
3694158849CivilizationSociety with economic surplus to form division of labor and a social hierarchy5
3694158850CuneiformFirst writing, wedge characters began in Middle East6
3694158851MesopotamiaFirst civilization between Tigris and Euphrates rivers, founded in the Middle East7
3694158852ZigguratsMassive towers, first architectural structures in Mesopotamia8
3694158853Hunting Foraging SocietySociety built off of men hunting for food, women gathering9
3694158854City-StatesSmall sectors of a society run by a leader10
3694158855Hammurabi's CodeFirst code of law dealing with punishments and court rulings, enacted during Babylonian rule of Mesopotamia11
3694158856Indus River CivilizationProsperous urban civilization located near the Indus River (India). Had two famous cities Harappa and Mohenjo Daro12
3694158857Nile River Valley CivilizationEgyptian civilization along the Nile River in Northern Africa13
3694158858Huanghe (Yellow River) CivilizationCivilization along the Huanghe River in China14
3694158859First Chinese dynastyShang15
3694158860PhoeniciansGroup of people who devised a 22 letter alphabet, set up colonial cities in North Africa and the coasts of Europe to trade16
3694158861MonotheismThe belief in only one God17
3694158862Animismthe belief in a supernatural power that organizes and animates the material universe18
3694158863DomesticationTo tame or to work closely with something (plants/animals)19
3694158864Egalitarian SocietySociety where all people are treated equally with respects to social, economic, and political factors20
3694158865HinduismA religion primarily found in India, belief in many gods goal is to reach Moksha21
3694158866OlmecFound near Gulf of Mexico, saw jaguar as religious symbol, built giant heads to honor rulers22
3694158867ChavinFound near Andes mountains, also saw jaguar as religious symbol, specialized in trade of seafood and shells23
3694158868BantusNomadic people from Africa24
3696130984NubiaCivilization in Africa, people lived along the Nile25
3696130985Patriarchal SocietySociety where men are valued and treated better than women26
3696130986Social StratificationThe division of people into a hierarchy, often based off income, wealth, and power27
3696130987Nomadic PastoralismForm of Pastoralism where livestock are herded in order to find fresh pastures to graze28
3696130988ZoroastrianismOne of the oldest monotheistic religions, founded by Prophet Zoroaster in ancient Iran29
3696130989Rig VedaAncient Indian collection of Vedic Sanskrit hymns30
3696130990Zhou DynastyAfter Shang, did not establish strong government instead ruled through relations with noble families. Created the Mandate of Heaven, but lacked a strong military and was overcome with peasant rebellions31
3696130991Qin DynastyLed by Emperor Shi Huangdi, built the Great Wall of China, taxed people heavily for military and attacked intellectuals32
3696130992Han DynastyAfter Qin, sought to reduce the oppression of the Qin, relied heavily on bureaucracy33
3696130993ConfucianismPhilosophy which stressed respect for social superiority34
3696130994DaoismPhilosophy that embraces nature and spirits35
3696130995BureaucracySystem of government where most important decisions are made by state officials rather than elected representatives36
3696130996VedasAncient books written by Aryans in Sanskrit37
3696130997DharmaRule of moral consequences38
3696130998Mauryan DynastyDynasty along the Ganges River, in India followed the Persian style of government and controlled a large army39
3696130999Gupta DynastyAfter Mauryans, less influential rulers but more technological and scientific advances such as the creation of pi40
3696131000Cyrus the GreatEstablished the Persian Empire41
3696131001Peloponnesian WarsWar between Athens and Sparta eventually won by Phillip II of Macedon42
3696131002HajjPilgrimage to Mecca43
3696131003Abu BakrMuhammad's earliest follower and closest friend44
3696131004Sunnis vs ShiasSunnis backed the Umayyads while the Shias supported Ali as caliph45

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