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| 7348482387 | Aryans | Indo-European nomadic pastoralists who replaced Harappan civilization; militarized society. | 0 | |
| 7349436641 | Babylon | Developed the first known code of law | 1 | |
| 7349436642 | Babylonians | Unified all of Mesopotamia; empire collapsed due to foreign invasion; (famous city in Mesopotamia)(North of Sumer) | 2 | |
| 7349453527 | Bronze Age | From about 4000 B.C.E., when bronze tools were first introduced in the Middle East, to about 5000 B.C.E., when iron began to replace it. | 3 | |
| 7349577384 | Catal Hüyük | (Neolithic town) Early urban culture based on sedentary agriculture; located in modern Southern Turkey; was larger in population than Jericho, had greater degree of social stratification. (Unusually large 32 acres) | 4 | |
| 7350590252 | Chavin de Huantar | Chavin culture appeared in highlands of Andes between 1800 & 1200 B.C.E.; typified by ceremonial centers with large stone buildings; greatest ceremonial center was Chavín de Huantar; characterized by by artistic motifs. | 5 | |
| 7350610029 | Civilization | Societies distinguished by reliance on sedentary agriculture, ability to produce food surpluses, and existence of non farming elites, as well as merchant & manufacturing groups. | 6 | |
| 7350622187 | Cultural Diffusion | The spread of cultural beliefs and social activities from one group to another. | 7 | |
| 7350626723 | Cuneiform | A form of writing developed by the Sumerians using a wedge-shaped stylus & clay tablet. | 8 | |
| 7350631507 | Empire | Monarchy ruling over different people (types/cultures) | 9 | |
| 7350635781 | Hammurabi | (1792-1750 B.C.E.) The most important ruler of the Babylonian empire; responsible for codification of law. | 10 | |
| 7350656275 | Harappa | Along with Mohenjo daro; major urban complex of the Harappan civilization; laid out on planned grid pattern. | 11 | |
| 7350664472 | Homo Sapiens | (Tens of thousands of years ago) The most advanced of the | 12 | |
| 7353692304 | Hunting and Gathering | The original economy, ultimately eclipsed by agriculture; groups hunt for meat & forage for grains, nuts & berries(Alt.: crops & demest. Animals) These economies helped propel migration over most of the lands on earth. | 13 | |
| 7354677258 | Huang He/ Huanghe/ civilization | (Yellow river) First civilization to develop in China. They settled in the lands surrounding the yellow River. | 14 | |
| 7354688692 | Ideographs | Pictographic characters together to create new concepts; typical of Chinese writing. | 15 | |
| 7354707389 | Indus River Civilization | River sources in Himalayas to mouth in Arabian Sea; location of Harappan Civilization | 16 | |
| 7354728857 | Kush | An African state that developed along the upper reaches of the Nile c. B.C.E.; conquered Egypt and ruled it for centuries. | 17 | |
| 7354761154 | Mahabharata | Indian epic of war, princely honor, love, and social duty; written down in the last centuries; previously handed down in oral form. | 18 | |
| 7354796505 | Mesopotamia | Literally "between the rivers"; the civilizations that arose in the alluvial plain of the Tigris river valleys. | 19 | |
| 7356549491 | Metallurgy | A branch of science that studies metal and technology. | 20 | |
| 7356555316 | Monotheism | The exclusive worship of a single god; introduced by the Jews into western civilization. | 21 | |
| 7356570682 | Monumental Architecture | Large human-made structures of stone or earth; used as public buildings or communal spaces. | 22 | |
| 7356576642 | Neolithic Age | (Centered on the development of agriculture) The succession of technological innovations and changes in human organization that led to the development of agriculture, 8500-3500 B.C.E. | 23 | |
| 7356599705 | Nomad/ Nomads/ Nomadic | People who move around a lot (hunting and gathering economy)/ cattle and sheep-herding societies normally found on the fringes of civilized societies; commonly referred as "barbarian" by civilized societies. | 24 | |
| 7356626669 | Olmec | People of a cultural tradition that arose at San Lorenzo and La Venta in Mexico 1200 B.C.E.; featured irrigated agriculture, urbanism, elaborate religion, beginnings of calendrical & writing systems. | 25 | |
| 7356821201 | Paleolithic Age | (The old Stone Age) typified by the use of crude stone tools & hunting and gathering for subsistence. | 26 | |
| 7356831881 | Pastoralism | A branch of agriculture concerned with the raising of livestock. | 27 | |
| 7356839192 | Pharaoh | Title of kings of ancient Egypt. | 28 | |
| 7356843762 | Phoenicians | Seafaring civilization located on the shores of the eastern Mediterranean; established colonies throughout the Mediterranean. | 29 | |
| 7356855197 | Polytheistic | The belief in multiple Gods or Goddesses ( see gods in many aspects of nature) | 30 | |
| 7356864847 | Pyramids | Monumental architecture typical of Old Kingdom Egypt; used as burial sites for pharaohs. | 31 | |
| 7356874627 | Ramayana | One of the great epic tales from classical India; traces adventures of king Rama and his wife, Sita; written 4th to 2nd centuries B.C.E. | 32 | |
| 7356898482 | River-Valley Civilizations | Civilizations living right next to a river. | 33 | |
| 7356903418 | Shang Dynasty | First Chinese dynasty for which archeological evidence exists; capital located in Oreos bulge of the Huanghe; flourished 1600 to 1046 B.C.E. | 34 | |
| 7356925169 | Steppe/ steppes | A dry, grassy plain. Occurs in temperate climates, which lie between the tropics and polar regions. | 35 | |
| 7356938658 | Sumer/ sumerians | People who migrated into Mesopotamia; created first civilization within region; organized area into city-states. | 36 | |
| 7356956453 | Tigris-Euphrates Civilization | Mesopotamia(means the land between two rivers) Tigris and Euphrates Rivers | 37 | |
| 7356968662 | Upanishads | Later books of the vedas; contained sophisticated and sublime philosophical ideas; utilized by Brahmans to restore religious authority. | 38 | |
| 7356979832 | Vedas | Aryan hymns originally transmitted orally but written down in sacred books from the 6th century. | 39 | |
| 7356986844 | Ziggurats | Massive towers usually associated with Mesopotamian temple complexes. | 40 |
