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| 913599330 | Civilization | advanced cities, complex institutions, skilled workers, advanced technology, a system of record keeping | 0 | |
| 213455829 | Climate | the pattern of temperature and precipitation over a period of time, largely determined by latitude | 1 | |
| 18368122 | Cultural Diffusion | the transmission of ideas and products from one culture to another, example: the spread of agriculture in Eurasia | 2 | |
| 734694486 | Independent Invention | a society's development of technology through it's own inventiveness, example: iron working in Kush | 3 | |
| 65892917 | Monsoon | a seasonal wind, guided sailors through the Indian Ocean | 4 | |
| 149067985 | Steppe | a dry grassland, example: steppes of Central Asia | 5 | |
| 866438289 | Cuneiform | a system of writing originating in Mesopotamia, a wedge-shaped stylus was used to press symbols into clay | 6 | |
| 653413038 | Ziggurat | a multitiered pyramid constructed by Mesopotamia | 7 | |
| 673586384 | Minaret | a tower attached to a mosque from which Muslims are called to worship | 8 | |
| 272437985 | Shariah | the body of law that governs Muslim society | 9 | |
| 787864967 | Mamluks | turkic military slaves of the Abbasid Caliphate, founded their own state in Egypt and Syria from the thirteenth to the early sixteenth centuries | 10 | |
| 894327955 | Artisan | a craftsman | 11 | |
| 173457610 | Factors of Production | land, labor, capital, entrepreneurship | 12 | |
| 862690938 | Entrepreneurship | the ability to combine the factors of land, labor, and capital to create factory production | 13 | |
| 190186395 | Sovereignty | self-rule, example: nation-states enjoy sovereignty | 14 | |
| 786359861 | Chivalry | a knight's code of honor in medieval Europe | 15 | |
| 188047534 | Sanskrit | the oral language of the Aryans who invaded the Harappan civilization, later a written language, it remains a prominent language in India today | 16 | |
| 458995475 | Laissez-Faire Economics | an economic concept that holds the government should not interfere with or regulate businesses and industries | 17 | |
| 855043991 | Mestizos | in the Spanish colonies, persons of mixed European and Indian descent | 18 | |
| 229298213 | Griots | storytellers of sub-Saharan Africa who carried on oral traditions and histories | 19 | |
| 1052883706 | Malay Sailors | southeast Asian sailors who traveled the Indian Ocean, by 500 they had colonized Madagascar, introducing banana cultivation | 20 | |
| 882653619 | Greek Trek | the migration (1834) of the Boers into the interior of South Africa, the result of conflict between the Boers and British over the end of slavery | 21 | |
| 21029059 | Maori | a member of a Polynesian group that settled in New Zealand c. 800 | 22 | |
| 792699312 | Indian National Congress | the political party that became the leader of the Indian nationalist movement | 23 | |
| 118420174 | Sepot Rebellion | revolt (1857) of Indian soldiers against the British, caused by a military practice in violation of the Muslim and Hindu faiths | 24 | |
| 48156815 | Mesopotamia | the world's earliest civilization (c. 4000 B.C.E), arose in the valley of the Tigris and Euphrates Rivers, Independent innovation | 25 | |
| 915460328 | Pharaoh | an Egyptian monarch | 26 | |
| 824475793 | Southwest Asia (Middle East) and North Africa | Egypt, Sadi Arabia, Morocco, Israel, Turkey, Iran, Iraq, Afghanistan, Zagros Mountains, Arabian Desert, Sahara Desert | 27 | |
| 726295501 | East Asia | China, Japan, North Korea, South Korea, Gobi Desert, Tibetan Plateau | 28 | |
| 87082774 | Central Asia | Russia, Mongolia, Kazakhstan, Gobi Desert, Lake Baikal, Ural Mountains, steppe | 29 | |
| 155891711 | Iranian Revolution | in 1979 the US backed Iranian government was overthrown by Islamic fundamentalists, the new Iranian ruler, the Ayatollah Khomeini, imposed strict Islamic law | 30 | |
| 772994232 | Iran-Iraq Conflict | Saddam Hussein, leader of Iraq, took advantage of Iranian weakness by annexing its oil-rich western provinces, with peace in 1988, Iran was devastated economically | 31 | |
| 463949441 | Vietnam Conflict | French colony, occupied by Japan during World War 2, France unable to regain control, 1960s US military involvement, 1975 fall of the entire country to communism | 32 | |
| 770435516 | Six-Day War | conflict (1967) between Israel and serval Arab states, Irrael took over Jerusalem, the Golan Heights, the Sinai Peninsula and the West Bank | 33 | |
| 584893415 | Solidarity | a polish trade union that began the nation's protest against communist rule | 34 | |
| 979545608 | Tiananmen Square | Beijing site of 1989 student protest in favor of democracy, the Chinese military killed large number of protesters | 35 | |
| 880139995 | Gran Colombia | the temporary union of the northern portion of South America after the independence movement led by Simón Bolívar | 36 | |
| 1018115736 | Reign of Terror | the period (1793-1794) of the most extreme violence during the French Revolution | 37 | |
| 900076407 | Fief | in medieval Europe, a grant of land given in exchange for military or other services | 38 | |
| 73630839 | Middle Ages | the period of European history traditionally given as 50-1500 | 39 | |
| 287446833 | Medieval | pertaining to the Middle Ages of European history | 40 | |
| 190282050 | Parliament | a representative assembly | 41 | |
| 367432628 | Duma | the Russian parliament | 42 | |
| 183405050 | Vassal | in medieval Europe, a person who pledged military or other service to a lord in exchange for a gift of land or other privilege | 43 | |
| 696265740 | Economic Imperialism | control of a country's economy by the businesses of another nation, example: United Fruit Company in Latin America | 44 | |
| 827642473 | Holy Roman Empire | the tenth-century term for Germany and northern Italy, provided some unity for Western Europe, delayed the unification of Italy and Germany | 45 | |
| 160231702 | Imperialism | the establishment of colonial empires | 46 | |
| 601870545 | Trans-Siberian Railroad | linked the European portion of Russia with the Pacific world, result of Russian government support for industry in the nineteenth century | 47 | |
| 980819629 | Changes in Industrial Society After 1850 | higher wages and shorted working hours, more leisure time activities, popular interest in the theater and sports, popular use of manufactured goods | 48 | |
| 147757298 | Condition of Early Industrial Cities | crowded, unsanitary, poorly sit, no police protection | 49 | |
| 50768792 | Social Change of Industrialization | separated family members, workers had to follow schedules, noise of machinery, rapid pace of work, women's loss of jobs available under the domestic system | 50 | |
| 101459694 | Zaibatsu | a large industrial organization created in Japan during the industrialization of the late nineteenth century | 51 | |
| 599702527 | Russification | a tsarist program that required non-Russians to speak only Russian and provided education only for those groups loyal to Russia | 52 | |
| 651870879 | Potsdam Conference | meeting (1945) of US, British, and Soviet leaders, gave he Soviet Union control of Eastern Europe and divided Germany into zones of occupation | 53 | |
| 1009260508 | Pan-Slaic Movement | A Russian attempt to unite all Slavic nations into a commonwealth relationship under the influence of Russia | 54 | |
| 1009260509 | Holocaust | the Nazi program during World War 2 that killed 6 million Jews and other groups of people considered "undesirable" | 55 | |
| 227502495 | Kabuki Theater | Japanese theater of the seventeenth century that features colorful scenery and consumes and an exaggerated style of acting, its tradition continues today | 56 | |
| 572480701 | Central Powers | in World War 1, Germany, Austria-Hungary, Bulgaria, the Ottoman Empire, and other nations that fought with them against the Allies | 57 | |
| 410007330 | Green Revolution | improved irrigation methods and the use of high-yield seeds, fertilizers, and pesticides to improve agricultural production, especially successful in Asia | 58 | |
| 487104818 | Self-Strengthening Movement | a late nineteenth-century movement in which the Chinese modernized their army and encouraged Western investment in factories and railways | 59 | |
| 362719666 | Guest Workers | workers from North Africa and Asia who migrated to Europe during the late twentieth century to seek employment, some settled in Europe permanently | 60 | |
| 467532291 | Ozone Depletion | the thinning of the layer of the gas ozone high in the Earth's atmosphere, ozone serves as a proaction against the sun's ultraviolet rays | 61 | |
| 34250017 | Pogrom | violence against Jews tsarist Russia | 62 | |
| 813805865 | Quantum Physics | the discipline based on the 1900 research of German physicist Max Planck, Planck found that light and energy flow in small units that he named "quanta" | 63 | |
| 72797913 | Romanticism | a literary and artistic movement in the nineteenth-centruy Europe, emphasized emotion over reason | 64 | |
| 173470631 | Vikings | settled in Europe in the tenth century, inhabited Iceland, established temporary settlements in Greenland and North America | 65 | |
| 1064857825 | Manifest Destiny | in the United States, the mid-nineteenth-centruy belief that the country was destined to expand from the Atlantic to the Pacific | 66 | |
| 220098176 | Period Three: Change in Southeast Asia | increased trade with Europe, Columbian Exchange | 67 | |
| 847687510 | Period Three: Change in Central Asia | Russian expansion | 68 | |
| 127439074 | Period Three: Change in Oceania | some European explorations | 69 | |
| 377964675 | Period Three: Change in South Asia | Colombian Exchange, return to local governments | 70 | |
| 701976597 | Sandinistas | a left-wing group that overthrew the dictatorship of Nicaraguan Anastacio Somoza in 1979 | 71 | |
| 620720583 | Toltets | pre-Columbian nomad who moved into central Mexico, Chichén Itza, long distance trade | 72 | |
| 162432157 | Al-Andalus | Islamic Spain, 711-1492, Caliphte of Cordoba, preserved Greco-Roman culture, enhancing it with Muslim mathematics and science | 73 | |
| 978097838 | Manorialism | the system of self-sufficient estates that arose in medieval Europe | 74 | |
| 136476738 | Sub-Saharan Africa | Nigeria, Somalia, Democratic Republic of Congo, Kenya, South Africa, Kalahari Desert, tropical rainforest, Great Rift Valley, Lake Victoria | 75 | |
| 1029779552 | Huns | Nomads of Central Asia, their movement in the fifth century pushed Germanic tribes into the Roman Empire | 76 | |
| 608263860 | Hsiung-nu (Xiongnu) | nomadic tribes along the northwest border of China during the Han dynasty, their invasion in 220 C.E. led to the collapse of the Han dynasty | 77 | |
| 340776526 | Christianity | Jesus was the Messiah promise to the Jews, salvation through faith in Jesus as God and Savior, a missionary religion | 78 | |
| 284800373 | Judaism | monotheism, a covenant between God and Abraham identifying the Jews and God''s people, not a missionary religion | 79 | |
| 775860663 | Pope | the head of the Roman Catholic Church | 80 | |
| 1722074148 | Nirvana | in Buddhism a state of perfect peace that is the goal of reincarnation | 81 | |
| 577011755 | Daoism | a belief of China in the fifth century B.C.E, adapted the concept of the yin yang, understanding comes from following a life force (The Way) | 82 | |
| 737119081 | Radicalism | a western European political philosophy during the nineteenth century, advocated democracy and reforms favoring lower class | 83 | |
| 209541593 | Feudalism | a political, economic, and social system, it intended to provide protection for both lord and vassal | 84 | |
| 585891687 | Muslim | "one who submits", a follower of Islam | 85 | |
| 1680151985 | Ramadan | the hoy month of Islam, commemorates the appearance of the angel Gabriel to Muhammad, fasting is required during this month | 86 | |
| 1059256236 | Scholar-Gentry | the Chinese class of well-educated men from whom many o the bureaucrats were chosen | 87 | |
| 1820878480 | Lateen Sail | a triangular sail attached to a short mast, enhances European oceanic navigation | 88 | |
| 191143503 | Kamikaze | the "divine wind" credited by the Japanese with preventing the Mongol invasion of Japan during the thirteenth century | 89 | |
| 643252726 | Social Darwinism | the application of Charles Darwin's theory of natural selection to human society | 90 | |
| 737876106 | Columbian Exchange | the exchange of food crops, livestock, and disease between the Eastern and Western Hemispheres after the voyages of Columbus | 91 | |
| 846567983 | Caravel | a small, easily steerable ship used the by the Portuguese and Spanish in their explorations | 92 | |
| 796889563 | Capitalism | an economic system based on private ownership and opportunity for profit-making | 93 | |
| 1778639899 | Batu-Speaking Peoples | name given to a group of sub-Saharan African peoples whose migrations altered the society sub-Saharan Africa | 94 | |
| 1294986227 | Quechua | Andean society also known as the Inca, well-organized empire, integration of diverse peoples into the empire | 95 | |
| 502117783 | Age Grade | an age group into which children were places into Bantu societies, gave children privileges and responsibilities suitable for their ages | 96 | |
| 1286424092 | Queu | a braided ponytail that Manchus required Chinese men to wear to distinguish them for the Manchus | 97 | |
| 563128563 | Excommunication | the practice of Christian churches of prohibiting participation in the sacraments to those who do not comply which church teaching practices | 98 | |
| 110588334 | Noh Theater | the classical Japanese drama with music and dances performed on a simple state by elaborately dressed actors, a continuing tradition | 99 | |
| 1301426755 | Enclosure Movement | the fencing of pasture land in England prior to the Industrial Revolution | 100 | |
| 470526262 | Domestic System | a manufacturing sustem in which the stages of the manufacturing process are carries out in private homes rather than in a factory setting | 101 | |
| 689216942 | Middles Passage | the portion of trans-Atlantic trade that involved the passage of slaves from Africa to Americas | 102 | |
| 502164927 | Northwest Passage | a passage through the North American continent that was sought by early explorers to North America as a route to trade with the East | 103 | |
| 291603882 | Factor | an agent with trade privileges in early Russia | 104 | |
| 1502514916 | Bronze Age | term for the later Neolithic period, characterized by the use of bronze (an alloy of copper and tin) | 105 | |
| 358743274 | Manchus | peoples from northeastern Asia, founded China's Qing dynasty | 106 | |
| 1555389408 | Welfare State | a nation which the government plays an active role in providing serves such as social security to its citizens | 107 | |
| 750886406 | Modern Architecture | featured the use of concrete and broad expanses of glass | 108 | |
| 839881953 | Civil Rights Movement | US movement of the 1950s and 1960s, ended segregation of African Americans and increased voting rights | 109 | |
| 120668191 | Ottoman Decline | corrupt rulers, strengthened military powers of Christians and other Muslims, effects of European inflation, reliance on outdated technology | 110 | |
| 835196477 | Scientific Revolution | a European intellectual movement in the seventeenth century that established the basis for modern science | 111 | |
| 611160876 | Heliocentric Theory | the concept that the sun is the center of the universe | 112 | |
| 1993133685 | Indulgence | a document whose purchase was said to grant the bearer the forgiveness of sins | 113 | |
| 228236975 | Ninety-Five Theses | statements for debate drawn up by Marin Luther, stated that salvation is obtained through faith in Jesus as the savior of the world from sin | 114 | |
| 1120259084 | Radio Technology | used for communication during World War 1, first commercial radio broadcast aired in 1920, government control of the airwaves in Europe | 115 | |
| 575403024 | World War 1 New Technology | airplanes used in combat, dirigibles, tanks, more sophisticated weaponry, poison gas | 116 | |
| 738861017 | Robots | first used in Japan, adopted in Europe for use in mines and the automobile industry, increased industrial productivity | 117 | |
| 1803200254 | Cubism | a school of art in which persons and objects are represented by geometric forms, example: the works of Pablo Picasso | 118 | |
| 1037445065 | Evangelical | pertaining to preaching the Gospel, pertaining to theologically conservative Christians | 119 | |
| 1648255423 | East Asian Demographics | high population growth, by the 1980's South Korea had the highest population density in the world, Japan promoted birth control and abortion | 120 | |
| 677107477 | China's One-Child Policy | only one child per family allowed, forced abortions and sterilizations, relaxed in some part of Child by 2007 to allow some urban coupes to have two children | 121 | |
| 1744424509 | Aswan Dam Project | attempt by Egypt to create additional farmland, its interference in the Nile's flood patterns deprived the land of ferule slit, increased deposits of salt in the soil | 122 | |
| 836463111 | Leauge of Nations | international organization founder after World War 1 to promote peace and cooperation among nations | 123 | |
| 1987639007 | Spanish Civil War | a conflict (1936-1939) that resulted in the installation of fascist dictator Francisco Franco as ruler of Spain | 124 | |
| 1493888214 | Latin American Migration | sizable migration as inhabitants of rural areas migrated to urban regions in search of jobs, newcomers lived in shantytowns on the outskirts of cities | 125 | |
| 1334696842 | Quran | the holy book os the Islam | 126 | |
| 1564372480 | Population Growth in Rural Africa and Asia | often led to overgrazing and deforestation, depletion of the rain crest is a factor in global warming | 127 | |
| 1527035185 | World War 2 New Technology | atomic bomb, jet engines, tape recordings, radar | 128 | |
| 993023042 | Agriculture in the Yangtze River Valley | cultivated rice about 6500 B.C.E | 129 | |
| 1139563601 | Agriculture in the Huang He Valley | cultivation of soybeans and millet c. 5500 B.C.E, domesticated chickens, pigs and later water buffalo | 130 | |
| 1758624609 | Agriculture in the Southeast Asia | about 3500 B.C.E, inhabitants grew root crops such as yams and taro, a variety of citrus and other fruits | 131 | |
| 635458569 | Agriculture in Central Mexico | around 4000 B.C.E the peoples of central Mexico cultivated maize, or corn, later added beans, squash, tomatoes and peppers | 132 | |
| 611320267 | Andean Agriculture | potatoes first cultivated c 3000 B.C.E, maize and beans were added later, domesticated llamas, alpacas, and guinea pigs | 133 | |
| 1848889636 | Slash-and-Burn Cultivation | an agricultural method in which farmers clear fields by cutting and burning trees, the ashes are used as fertilizer | 134 | |
| 1889606926 | Geocentric Theory | the belief held by many before the scientific revolution that the Earth is the center of the universe | 135 | |
| 212375730 | Yahweh | Jehovah, the God of the Jews | 136 | |
| 1443574576 | Yin and Yang | in ancient Chinese belief, the opposing forces that bring balance to nature and life | 137 | |
| 350082496 | British Commonwealth | political community of the United Kingdom, its dependencies and former British colonies that are now sovereign nations, now called the Commonwealth of Nations | 138 | |
| 463491440 | Reparations | the payment of war doubts by the losing side | 139 | |
| 2151593035 | Fascism | a political movement characterized by extreme nationalism, one-party rule, and denial of individual rights | 140 | |
| 213227062 | Yuan Dynasty | 1271-1368, name given to the Mongol rule of China, religious toleration, welcomed foreign scholars and artisans, Chinese local officials | 141 | |
| 1056017458 | Period Five: Change in North America | fight against terrorism, transmission of the U.S culture, ciil rights movement | 142 | |
| 652077840 | Period Five: Change in Eastern Europe | communism, depression, end of communism | 143 | |
| 256801726 | Period Five: Change in Western Europe | depression, loss of world dominance, economic prosperity, guest workers | 144 | |
| 1591659736 | Period Five: Change in East Asia | depression, foot binding outlawed, high-tech industries | 145 | |
| 521099476 | Period Three: Change in Eastern Europe | columbian exchange, Islam | 146 | |
| 316264469 | Spanish-American War | conflict (1898) between the United States and Spain, began the rise of the United States as a world power | 147 | |
| 838158286 | Middle Kingdom | term applied to the rich agricultural lands of the Yangtze River valley under the Zhou dynasty | 148 | |
| 328905687 | Period Three: Change in Sub-Saharan Africa | reduced population in some regions, Columbian Exchange, dependence on European technology | 149 | |
| 667532220 | Period Three: Change in North Africa | Columbian exchange | 150 | |
| 644379680 | Bushi | regional military leaders in feudal Japan, ruled small kingdoms from fortresses | 151 | |
| 429524362 | Metropolitan | the head of the Eastern Orthodox Church | 152 | |
| 592545779 | Period Five: Change in Southeast Asia | decolonization, communism, tourism | 153 | |
| 1424699817 | Period Five: Change in Oceania | immigration from Asia | 154 | |
| 2225279510 | Kowtow | a ritualistic bow practiced in the Chinese court | 155 | |
| 2225280288 | Samurai | the military class of feudal Japan | 156 | |
| 2225281435 | Period Two: Change in Oceania | settlement of Hawaii | 157 | |
| 2225282597 | Period Five: Change in Sub-Saharan Africa | decolonization, end of apartheid | 158 | |
| 2225284772 | Period Five: Change in North Africa | decolonization, guest workers | 159 | |
| 2225285813 | Period Five: Change in Southwest Asia (Middle East) | mandates, creation of Israel, ran-Israeli wars | 160 | |
| 2225288114 | Persian Empire | 550-330 B.C.E, tolerance toward the customs of conquered peoples, Zoroastrianism, royal road, trade and cultural exchange with Greece | 161 | |
| 2225291390 | Period Four: Change in Southeast Asia | European and East Asian influence | 162 | |
| 2225292376 | Allied Powers in World War 1 | the nations of Great Britain, France, Russia, the United States, and others that fought against the Central Powers | 163 | |
| 2225293460 | Sepoys | South Asian soldiers who served in the British army in India | 164 | |
| 2225294243 | Daimyo | A Japanese feudal lord in charge of an army of samurai | 165 | |
| 2225295869 | Black Death | European name for the outbreak of the bubonic plague that spread across Asia, Europe, and North Africa in the fourteenth century | 166 | |
| 2225300022 | Period Three: Change in North America | Columbian exchange, European presence | 167 | |
| 2225303052 | Period Three: Change in Southwest Asia ((Middle East) | Columbian exchange, Ottoman decline | 168 | |
| 2225304198 | Han Dynasty | 200 B.C.E-220 C.E, beginning of the Chinese civil service exam, silk road trade, paper manufacture, a time of peace, strong patriarchy | 169 | |
| 2225307448 | Mauryan Dynasty | 322-232 B.C.E the first rulers to unify most of the Indian subcontinent, encouraged trade, spread Buddhism | 170 | |
| 2225309390 | Gupta Empire | 320-550 C.E, development of the decimal system, smallpox inoculation, sterilization during surgery, deterioration in the status of women | 171 | |
| 2225312159 | Period Three: Change in Western Europe | columbian exchange | 172 | |
| 2225312160 | Phoenicians | developed an alphabet of twenty-two letters representing consonants, the Greeks adopted their alphabet, adding letters for vowel sounds | 173 | |
| 2225320799 | Athens | developed a democracy, achievements in science, philosophy and the arts, Golden Age under Pericles (443-429 B.C.E) | 174 | |
| 2225322857 | People of Han | name used even today by the Chinese as a tribute to the accomplishments of the Han to Chinese culture | 175 | |
| 2225325936 | Roman Empire | 27 B.C.E-476 C.E, roads and aqueducts, common language: Latin, active trade, birth of Jesus, adapted Greek culture | 176 | |
| 2225328998 | Cuban Missile Crisis | confrontation (1962) between the US and the Soviet Union over the presence of Soviet missiles in Cuba, a classic example of brinkmanship | 177 | |
| 2225331522 | Latifundia | large landholdings in the Roman Empire | 178 | |
| 2225332550 | Period Four: Change in East Asia | dependence on Western technology, end of Chinese dynastic rule, bicameral parliament (Japan) | 179 | |
| 2225334451 | Cold War | the tense diplomatic relationship between the United States and the Soviet union after WW2 | 180 | |
| 2225335640 | Foot Binding | in China, a method of breaking and binding women's feet, seen as a sign of social position, confined women to the household | 181 | |
| 2225345307 | Junks | large Chinese sailing ships especially designed for long distance travel | 182 | |
| 2225347466 | Period Four: Change in Oceania | European colonization, European diseases | 183 | |
| 2225348291 | Serf | a peasant bound to the land he or she works | 184 | |
| 2225348869 | Women in Early Islamic Society | not subject to wearing the veil or seclusion, equal with men before Allah, could own property, later secluded from the public | 185 | |
| 2225350444 | Classical Greek Culture | Gods with human characteristics, Olympic games, tragedy and comedy, philosophy emphasizing human reason | 186 | |
| 2225353175 | Berlin Airlift | in 1947 Western attempts to stabilize German currency led to a Soviet blockade of Berlin, Britain and the Unite States airlifted supplies to Berlin until the blockade was lifted | 187 | |
| 2225356226 | Polynesian Voyages | after 600, migration from island to island in the Pacific, set up regional kingdoms in the Hawaiian Islands, settled New Zealand | 188 | |
| 2225359096 | Service Industries | occupations that provide a service rather than a manufactured or agricultural product | 189 | |
| 2225361468 | Exploitation of Mars | US orbiter landings on Mars have provided opportunities for the investigation of potential landing sites on the Red Planet | 190 | |
| 2225363634 | Hubble Space Telescope | developed in 1990 by the US and European nations, capable of observing objects in remote areas of the universe | 191 | |
| 2225364753 | Helsinki Accords | in 1975 political and human rights agreement signs in Helsinki, Finland, by Western European countries and the Soviet Union | 192 | |
| 2225370146 | Deoxyribonucleic Acid (DNA)) | the blueprint of heredity | 193 | |
| 2225370725 | African Trade After WW2 | reliance on the sale of minerals and cash crops to finance their industries, nigerian membership in OPEC, native african art exports | 194 | |
| 2225375957 | Cuban Trade Under Communism | after the Cuban Revolution, Cuba's economy tied into the Soviet economy, rapid deterioration of the Cuban economy after the Soviet Union's fall | 195 |
