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AP World History Midterm Review Flashcards

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8442364693Where did the idea of the first city state come from?Sumeria0
8442364694The Indus River is located in what modern-day country?Pakistan1
8442364695What is the name of a Sumerian temple?Ziggurat2
8442364696What was the first form of writing?Cuneiform3
8442364697Which is true of hunting and gathering shortly after the development of agriculture?People tended to somewhat rely on the old techniques4
8442364698Hierarchy and patriarchy were found in both agrarian and _____________ societiesPastoralist5
8442364699The above structure, (picture of big, temple looking building), is most closely associated with...Urban planning in Sumeria6
8442364700In the first civilizations, how were monumental construction projects most connected to the process of state/empire building and political consolidation?Monumental buildings promoted the government by displaying its power and wealth7
8442364701What was the significance of Hammurabi's Code?It was the first organized law code designed to create social order8
8442364702What major social changes occurred causing the major religions/philosophies to come about in roughly the same period?The emergence of new states/empires9
8442364703In the above painting, Confucius is presenting a baby Buddha to the Daoist teacher Laozi. This picture is an example of:Coexistences of various belief systems in China10
8442364704Moksha:_____________::_______________:BuddhismHinduism, Nirvana11
8442364705In what religions did the notion of a single supreme diety (monotheism) first develop?Judaism and Zoroastrianism12
8442364706Passage given: "When a prince's personal conduct..." Question: Who among the following would object the strongest to the political ideology expressed above?Legalist13
8442364707Buddhism spread primarily _____________ from India by _____________.East, trade and missionaries14
8442364708What group of people developed Judaism?Hebrews15
8442364709What is Siddartha Guatama known for?Founding Buddhism16
8442364710Confucianism, Daoism, and Legalism were all attempts to ______________ in China.Establish order17
8442364711Which economic development between 8000 BCE & 600 BCE resulted in the most profound transformation of social structures?Large agriculture surplus because of metal tools18
8442364712Some people say that women were the first farmers. Which of the following is the best evidence?Women know about seeds, plants, and growth processes19
8442364713What technological innovation contributed the most to the military in Egypt, Anatolia, & Mesopotamia?Chariots and compound bows20
8442364714Passage Given: excerpt from Code of Hammurabi What does the law reinforce about Babylonian civilization?Social hierarchies21
8442364715Passage Given: excerpt from Code of Hammurabi What can you infer from the passage?Agriculture was a strong focus22
8442364716Consequences of the Neolithic Revolution included all but...Disappearance of hunting and gathering23
8442364717Changes caused by the Neolithic Revolution led to...Establishment of farming communities which led to the development of the first cities24
8442364718The Vedas are the writings of the ancient_______ in IndiaBrahman priests25
8442364719What happened to the borders during Ashoka's reign?They expanded26
8442364720What dynasty's official ideology was Confucianism?Han27
8442364721What does the image (yin yang) best represent?The daost view of opposites leading to harmony28
8442364722_____________:Confucius::Daodesing:_______________Analects, Laozi29
8442364723What was Confucius' idea of a "superior man"?Any man with outstanding moral character30
8442364724How did the Buddhist challenge the Hindus?The rejection of Brahmin religious authority/caste system31
8442364725What is the basic principle of Confucianism?Superiors/leaders must live morally32
8442364726What is filial piety best defined as?Respect for elders33
8442364727Early belief systems generally reinforced _________ while also offering new rules & status to some men and women.Existing social structures34
8442364728When looking at effects of Neolithic Revolution on social structures, which source is the most useful?Ancient law codes35
8442364729Map Given Question: What does the map show?Agricultural regions of early civilizations36
8442364730What is an example of economic effect on human societies as a result of the Neolithic Revolution?The specialization of labor37
8442364731What fundamental changes allowed hunters & gatherers to have more stable food supply?Domestication of animals38
8442364732Distinguish the Neolithic Age from Paleolithic Age?Advent of agriculture39
8442364733All of the following are causes of cultural diffusion except...Culture40
8442364734Which of the early civilizations weren't located on Africa/Asia?Chavin41
8442364735True concerning Christians and Buddhists in the early period of decelopmentShift in some followers towards a monastic life42
8442364736Mycenean:___________::_____________:Ancient RomeAncient Greece,Etruscoun43
8442364737Ashoka & Constantine: What is the most striking difference between relation of each of their religions to the empires they governed?Constantine's religion was the official religion of the empire, Ashoka's religion regressed minority after death44
8442364738In the Han Dynasty, which group rose to the top of the social structure?Scholars45
8442364739Which religion practiced monasticism?Christianity and Buddhism46
8442364740Before Alexander the Great, what was the greatest source of unity in Greek civilization?Common cultural basis47
8442364741Which of the following took place at roughly the same time?Fall of Han, rise of Gupta, Roman Empire48
8442364742Which was not a demographic/social change that occurred during the Bronze Age shortly after the Neolithic Revolution?Increased equality among social classes49
8442364743What economic development between 9000 BCE-600 BCE resulted in the most profound transformation of Social Structures?Large agricultural surpluses resulting from metal tools50
8442364744Daoism influenced Chinese culture in all of the following areas except ________.Governmental adminstration51
8442364745Passage Given: "When a prince's personal conduct is correct his government is effective without issuing of orders..." Question:Ideas expressed in the quotation below became an essential feature of state building in which government?Han52
8442364746What non-codified belief system created a common cultural link between rural peasants & educated urban elites during the Han dynasty?Ancestor veneration53
8442364747The first converts to Christianity derived primarily from...Lower classes54
8442364748The Hindu concept of Samsara is best described by which statement?A belief that one's soul is reborn many times until its pure enough to escape the cycle of rebirth55
8442364749Drawing Given: painting of man looking out at mountains Question: The work of art above reflects values of what Asian belief system?Daoism56
8442364750All of the following were city states n Mesopotamia except...Mohenjo-daro57
8442364751Graph Given: about world population growing over the years Question: The trend shown on the graph above is best explained by...The widespread diffusion of agricultural practices58
8442364752Map Given: map of Africa Question:Which of the following statements about early human migration patterns is supported by the map above?Earliest archalogical evidence for modern humans in Africa59
8442364753What aided the rise of Hittites to become an early empire?Inventor and use of iron60
8442364754What best explains how the division of labor in human societies changed during the Neolithic Revolution?Men tended to hunt while women were responsible for gathering edible plants. With the advent of agriculture, men became responsible for harvesting crops/women focused on child-bearing61
8442364755What is a major difference between the early Hebrew and Vedic religions?Hebrew was monotheistic, while Vedic was polytheistic62
8442364756Moving up the social class structure increases things such as...Influence63
8442364757Compared to early Hebrew law, Babylonian law...Provided more leniency64
8442364758What explanation of Christianity's spread during Roman Empire is most compatible to which phenomenon during the same time period?Spread of Buddhism in China during the Han Dynasty's decline65
8442364759All of the following groups conquered & dispersed various Jewish states during 600 BCE-600 CE except the...Mauryans66
8442364760Which of the following is most associated with Southeast Asian trade?Srivijaya67
8442364761Each of these are technological advancements of the Chinese during the Song Dynasty except...The camel saddle68
8442364762What was the name of the city that linked spice islands into the Indian Ocean?Malacca69
8442364763This is one change to the Social Class Structure in Europe that did not cause a peasant uprising...Conscription acts forced on unsupportive peasants70
8442364764Most European peasant revolts led to what?Military victories for the nobility, but legal changes caused change to help peasants71
8442364765In order to supply food, in Tenochtitlan, the Aztecs did what?Built floating agricultural islands on the lake (chinampas)72
8442364766How were the classicial civilizations in South Asia & China different from the Mediterranean?Asian civilizations formed a cultural-social synthesis that endured beyond the political dynasties of their classical age73
8442364767Salt was dominate in what trade network?Trans-Saharan74
8442364768Which of these is true of the Silk Road between 600 BCE-600 CE?The volume of trade increased & decreased based on the stability & vitality of the major classical empires75
8442364769China used silk to acquire ___________. In order to defend itself against northern invaders.Horses76
8442364770Camels were used in Trans-Saharan, but also in...Central Asia77
8442364771What was the duty of an emperor according to Confucian philosophy?To act virtuously in order to act as an example for his subjects78
8442364772Which of the following is NOT associated with the collapse of all imperial governments between 200 CE-600 CE?Weakening and disintegration of major belief systems79
8442364773A primary cause to the collapse of the Gupta Empire can be credited to...Weakness of a decentralized state facing external threats80
8442364774Which development most significantly increased the volume of Mediterranean trade?Carthage and its territories falling into Roman lands81
8442364775Two religions that diffused the greatest by Afro-Eurasian trade networks were...Christianity and Buddhism82
8442364776Monsoons are seasonal winds that come in 6-month intervals , these primarily affect trade where?In the Indian Ocean trade network83
8442364777The sail on the Daow, which was first used in the Mediterranean then in the Indian Ocean, is called a...Lateen84
8442364778Rock and pillar edicts aided in the spread of which of the following?Buddhism85
8442364779What major social changes occurred causing major religions/philosophies to come about in roughly the same time period?All of the above: iron technology led to higher productivity/deadlier war, increased commerce led to cultural diffusion, emergence of new empires86
8442364780Which of the following best describes classical India between the Mauryan & Gupta empires?Regionalism87
8442364781Which of the following was not an example of environmental damage done by wealthy landowners due to excessive mobilization of resources?Water pollution88
8442364782Map Given: map of Europe and Asia Question: The map above portrays the example of...Alexander the Great89
8442364783China during the Han Dynasty and India during the Gupta Empire were in their "golden ages" because of...Economic prosperity, improved science/technology, increased development of artistic forms90
8442364784Quote Given: Edicts Question: Emperor Ashoka's main purpose behind the above edicts was to...Demonstrate a concern that justice should be fair91
8442364785One of the factors that contributed in the collapse of the Western Roman Empire was...The decline of Rome's population due to the spread of disease92
8442364786Before 600 CE, the Han, Persian, and Roman Empires extended military power by...Developing supply lines, infrastructure, defensive walls/roads93
8442364787Which civilization spread through systematic commercial colonization?The Greeks94
8442364788What 2 cities are most alike in terms of bureaucratic adminstration?Rome and Han95
8442364789What was the primary source of soldiers in the Rome Army?Conquered people96
8442364790Which network of trade was influenced by climate/weather?The Indian Ocean trade network97
8442364791Map Given: Map of Europe Question: Between 1176 CE & 1050 CE all factors caused the spread of Christianity, however the map empathizes...Efforts of monks and missionaries98
8442364792All of the following spread as a result to Bantu migration except...Improved navigation technology99
8442364793Map Given: Map of India Question: The collapse of the Gupta Empire was largely due to the...Attack of the White Huns100
8442364794Early belief systems generally reinforced ___________ while also offering new roles & status to some men & women.Existing social structures101
8442364795Who was the group credited with disrupting the Romans, Guptas, & Han was the...Huns102
8442364796What was the non-codified belief system that created a common cultural link between rural peasants & educated urban cities during China's Han Dynasty?Ancestor veneration103
8442364797The mandatory public service required in the Ince Empire was called...Mita104
8442364798All of the following areas utilized free peasant agriculture except...West Africa105
8442364799The result of an increased demand for luxury items in Europe was...It created more industrial outputs in China, India, and Persia106
8442364800The dominant form of labor organization shown in this example of Medieval Manor was...Free peasant agriculture107
8442364801Under the Sui, Tang Dynasties in China...Gave state support108
8442364802Knight:Western Europe::______:_______Samurai, Japan109
8442364803The dominant economic system during the European Middle Ages was called...Feudalism110
8442364804_________ was the capital of Song Dynasty China, as well as serving as one of the two terminuses for the Grand CanalHangzou111
8442364805What is false concerning Afro-Eurasian trade?Trade almost always occurred over land112
8442364806Mongols:___________::____________: CaliphatesKhanates, Islamic Empires113
8442364807All but _______ is one of the five pillars of IslamMemorization of the Quran114
8442364808What was the primary reason for the splitting of the Sunni and Shia Muslims?Disagreement concerning who should succeed Muhammed115
8442364809The Asian Steppes are located where?In Central Asia116
8442364810Who was the first Christian emperor of Rome?Constantine117
8442364811What are chinampas?Floating plant beds invented by Aztecs118
8442364812New governments such as ________ was found in Western Europe/Japan were decentralizedFeudalism119
8442364813Who was most responsible for spreading Black Death in 13-14th centuries?The Mongols120
8442364814Picture Given" Muslim Event Question: This picture represents the central event of a...Muslim Hajj121
8442364815What did the camel saddle, daow ship, the stirrup & the lateen sail have in common?All of them were devised to overcome environmental barriers to trade122
8442364816Internal trade in the Sui Dynasty was greatly stimulated by the...Construction of the Grand Canal123
8442364817The spread of knowledge of Chinese farming techniques is an example of how...Improvements in the printing process led to the spread of knowledge and new technologies124
8442364818Factors that led to an increase in agriculture along with new farming techniques were...Diffusion of fast-ripening rice from Vietnam125
8442364819Han, Persian, and Gupta Empires shared what characteristic?Sophisticated bureaucracies that aided political administartion126
8442364820Quote Given: "Slaves were vital to central economy..." Question: The above description of slaves in the classical period describes what?Roman slaves127
8442364821Confucianism, Daoism, and Legalism were all attempts to...Establish order128
8442364822Which religion practiced monsaticism?Christianity and Buddhism129
8442364823Over the course of the Han Dynasty, which group rose to the top of social/political hierarchy?Scholars130
8442364824Changes in the Neolithic Revolution led to...The establishment of farming communities which led to the first cities131
8442364825Rebellion by northern tribes dissatisfied Mongol rule, followed by famine in the South, prompted ___________ to launch rebellion for the fall of the Yuan Dynasty in 1368The Red Turban Society132
8442364826Neo-Confucianism became an international movement and spread to where?Japan, Korea, Vietnam133
8442364827Given Quote: peasant revolt in England 1381 Question: What role did religions play in the Peasant Revolt discussed in the passage above?Peasants used religious beliefs to justify their resistance134
8442364828After the collapse of the Western Roman Empire, The Catholic Church...Increased its power and role135
8442364829Quanat system was developed as a result of...The spread of certain crops from South Asia to the Middle East that required greater amounts of water than many native plant types136
8442364830Roman architecture was heavily influenced by and had similarities to...Greek architecture137
8442364831Both Roman & Gupta experience difficulty in...Maintaining political control over vast areas138
8442364832All of the following were contributing factors to the fall of the Han & Roman Empires except...The decrease in the democratic process139
8442364833Map Given: Asia Question: The map above shows areas controlled by the...Han Dynasty140
8442364834In spite of customs and traditions honoring motherhood, most imperial societies of the classical period were...Patriarchies141
8442364835Which of the following events led directly to the spread of Buddhist missionaries to Southeast Asia, Central Asia, South India, and the Mediterranean?The conversion of Ashoka142
8442364836Map Given: Asia Question: What is the primary belief system spread on trade routes in this time period?Buddhism143
8442364837Map Given: Asia Question: The routes pictured above were the direct cause of which exchanges?Cotton cultivation from South Asia to Persia144
8442364838What social problems experienced both by Rome & Han in its final decades?Farmers protested their loss of land to the aristocracy145
8442364839Picture Given: Alex's Routes Question: Which of the following was NOT a long term effect of the camp. of Alex of Macedonia pictured above?Hellenistic culture became a permanent feature of Persia and Central Asia146
8442364840Which developments most LIMITED the spread of Christianity outside Europe?The development/spread of Islam throughout Middle East and North Africa147
8442364841Although patriarchy was dominant in most areas, places such as West Africa and __________ tended to be more matriarchalSoutheast Asia148
8442364842What labor organization was primarily used by the Aztecs?Slave/unfree149
8442364843Decreased invasions, more reliable transport, warmer temperatures and increased availability of labor all led to what?Urban revival150
8442364844Increased agriculture and industrial productivity resulted in what?All of the above: Increased population, increased urban and trade151
8442364845Of the following types of labor organization, which was most likely to be found in Asian Steppes?Nomadic Pastoralism152
8442364846Quote Given: Foot-binding passage Question: The above practice described was used during the _______ DynastySong153
8442364847As opposed to the relativity of Christianity and Buddhism, Islam was expanded primarily by...Military conquest154
8442364848To assist with navigation, the ________ created ___________.Arabs, Astrolabe155
8442364849Which is true of the Song Dynasty in China?printing with movable type was developed during the dynasty156
8442364850What was the group most associated with the fall of the Song Dynasty?The Mongols157
8442364851Sogdian diasporic communities were located primarily in...Central Asia158
8442364852Which was a former Russian city that was a vital artery for the Hanseatic League?Novgorod159
8442364853Which is false concerning Indian Ocean trade up to 810?Slave trade was the primary focus160
8442364854The introduction of the ________ had the greatest impact on Trans-Saharan trade in the early centuries.Camel161
8442364855Muslim writer who traveled throughout Islam and would report what he saw...Ibn Battuta162
8442364856Picture Given: Temple-looking building Question: The above building was built by the _________ empire in the capital city of ____________.Byzantine, Constantinople163
8442364857In the 9th century CE, the Tang Dynasty was weakened by conflicts between who?Buddhism and Confucianism164
8442364858In 1054...The Catholic Church split creating Orthodox faith165
8442364859Which groups were treated as "people of the book" in lands under Islamic Rule?Christians and Jews166
8442364860What was the center of commerce/trade in the northern Adriatic Sea and eventually the Mediterranean Sea region in 1000 CE>Venice167
8442364861What is the economic theory that trade generates wealth and is stimulated by the accumulation of profitable balances?Mercantilism168
8442364862Which of the following described the Mongol Empire's role in Trans-Eurasian trade?Reestablished Silk Roads between Asia and Europe169
8442364863Innovations in land-based trade had what long term effect on Eurasia?Increase in production and movement of luxury items170
8442364864Which of the following accurately compares trade cities with trade centers in East Asia?Cities in Northern Europe led to independently formed organizations to protect trade, East Asian commerce benefitted from centralized government171
8442364865What was the clearest effect of the growth in agricultural productivity?Massive population increase172
8442364866Christianity was accepted/spread mostly through the ________ & _________ empires in 476 CE.Roman and Byzantine173

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