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| 6564038571 | Homo sapiens sapiens | modern humans | 0 | |
| 6564038572 | Paleolithic period | 2.5 million years ago ~8000 BCE. often called the stone age. | 1 | |
| 6564038573 | Neolithic revolution | a set of dramatic changes in how people lived based on the development of agriculture | 2 | |
| 6564038574 | Monotheism | worshipping only one deity | 3 | |
| 6564038575 | Bronze age | period marked by the usage of bronze | 4 | |
| 6564038576 | Civilization | large society with cities and powerful states | 5 | |
| 6564038577 | Core and foundational | 6 civilizations that would heavily influence successor civilizations in the region | 6 | |
| 6564038578 | Jericho | one of humankind's first cities, on the west bank of the Jordan River | 7 | |
| 6564038579 | Catal Huyuk | one of humankind's first cities, in present day Turkey | 8 | |
| 6564038580 | Specialization of labor | process of allowing people to focus on limited tasks | 9 | |
| 6564038581 | Copper | first metal to be used by humans | 10 | |
| 6564038582 | Bronze | metal made through mixing tin and copper together | 11 | |
| 6564038583 | Hunter-forager | depend on nature for food | 12 | |
| 6564038584 | Agriculture | practice of raising crops or livestock on a continual and controlled basis | 13 | |
| 6564038585 | Surplus | excess amount of crops | 14 | |
| 6564038586 | Domestication | the process of taming wild animals | 15 | |
| 6564038587 | Nomadic pastoralism | lifestyle based on people moving herds of animals from pasture to pasture | 16 | |
| 6564038588 | Kinship group | several related families that moved together for food | 17 | |
| 6564038589 | Clan | larger group of relatives compared to kinship groups. Often kinship groups were part of this. | 18 | |
| 6564038590 | Tribe | multiple clans combined into a larger unit | 19 | |
| 6564038591 | Patriarchal | dominated by men | 20 | |
| 6564038592 | Artisans | people who made objects such as woven clothe or pottery | 21 | |
| 6564038593 | Merchants | people who buy and sell goods for a living | 22 | |
| 6564038594 | Social stratification | process of unequal distribution of wealth | 23 | |
| 6564038595 | Priests | special class developed for religious ceremonies | 24 | |
| 6564038596 | Tigris and Euphrates | rivers that encompassed the cradle of civilization; flow in modern day turkey | 25 | |
| 6564038597 | Mesopotamia | area between the Tigris and Euphrates Rivers | 26 | |
| 6564038598 | Fertile Crescent | area that overlaps with Mesopotamia but also includes an area to the west | 27 | |
| 6564038599 | Carthage | a Phoenician colony on the coast of North Africa, served as an outpost | 28 | |
| 6564038600 | Sahara | desert in northern Africa | 29 | |
| 6564038601 | Kalahari | desert in Southern Africa | 30 | |
| 6564038602 | Nile River | river beginning in Africa and emptying into the Mediterranean Sea | 31 | |
| 6564038603 | Desertification | creation of desert-like conditions | 32 | |
| 6564038604 | Indus River Valley | region that developed one of the core civilizations (Harappa and Mohenjo-Daro) | 33 | |
| 6564038605 | Environmental degradation | the cause of the decline of the Harappan and Mohenjo-Daro civilizations | 34 | |
| 6564038606 | Deforestation | cutting down of trees; main reason of the decline of the Kush kingdom | 35 | |
| 6564038607 | Huang He | one of the rivers of the chinese foundational civilization (northern interior) | 36 | |
| 6564038608 | Chiang Jiang (Yangtze) | one of the rivers of the chinese foundational civilization (across central china) | 37 | |
| 6564038609 | Loess | a type of fertile soil that is yellow in color | 38 | |
| 6564038610 | Barter | a system by which one thing is exchanged for another | 39 | |
| 6564038611 | Polytheistic | worshipping many gods | 40 | |
| 6564038612 | Ziggurats | stepped pyramids serving as temples | 41 | |
| 6564038613 | Astronomy, astrology | in Babylonia this(1) study of objects outside Earth's atmosphere was linked to this(2) predicting the future by studying movement of stars and planets | 42 | |
| 6564038614 | Hebrews, Israelites, Jews | people who based their ancestry in Canaan (present day Israel, Palestine, and Lebanon) | 43 | |
| 6564038615 | Abraham | man who founded Canaan | 44 | |
| 6564038616 | Moses | man who led Hebrews out of Egypt | 45 | |
| 6564038617 | Ten Commandments | a code of conduct (usually in Christianity) introduced by Moses | 46 | |
| 6564038618 | Jewish Diaspora | spreading of the Jews in the Mediterranean world and the Middle East | 47 | |
| 6564038619 | Theocrats | rulers holding both religious and political power | 48 | |
| 6564038620 | Aten | sun god in monotheistic religion proposed by pharaoh Akhenaton | 49 | |
| 6564038621 | Mummification | process of preserving the body in Egyptian culture | 50 | |
| 6564038622 | Aryans | Indo-European speaking peoples who brought the first horses into India | 51 | |
| 6564038623 | Hindi | language that evolved from Sanskrit | 52 | |
| 6564038624 | Vedas | collection of Aryan religious hymns, poems, and songs | 53 | |
| 6564038625 | Vedic Age | period marked by the Aryans' growing awareness of Dravidian beliefs | 54 | |
| 6564038626 | Brahmin | the priest in Vedic belief | 55 | |
| 6564038627 | Brahma | overarching, universal soul that connects all creatures on Earth | 56 | |
| 6564038628 | Dharma | one's righteous duties (in Vedic belief) | 57 | |
| 6564038629 | Karma | one's fate in the next life (in Vedic belief) | 58 | |
| 6564038630 | Moksha | eternal peace and unity with brahma (in Vedic belief) | 59 | |
| 6564038631 | Ancestor veneration | belief in the spirits of one's ancestors | 60 | |
| 6564038632 | Golden Age | a period in a society of relative peace, prosperity, and innovation | 61 | |
| 6564038633 | Scribes | a separate class of people who were skilled at cuneiform | 62 | |
| 6564038634 | The Epic of Gilgamesh | oldest written story on the earth | 63 | |
| 6564038635 | Cuneiform | world's first writing system, used by Sumerians | 64 | |
| 6564038636 | Alphabetic script | writing system developed by the phoenicians | 65 | |
| 6564038637 | Hieroglyphics | picture-writing system developed by the Egyptians | 66 | |
| 6564038638 | Papyrus | plant growing next to the Nile that was used to create paper | 67 | |
| 6564038639 | Book of the Dead | a paper book that Egyptians put in coffins of dead pharaohs or nobles | 68 | |
| 6564038640 | Sanskrit | Indo-European language developed by the Aryans | 69 | |
| 6564038641 | Rig-Veda | collection of Aryan religious hymns, poems, and songs that shed light on ancient society; outlined the proper brahmin behavior and responsibilities | 70 | |
| 6564038642 | Upanishads | a collection of religious thought that was influenced by the interaction between Aryan and Dravidian culture; foundational text for Hinduism | 71 | |
| 6564038643 | Pictographs, glyphs | writing system consisted of graphic symbols | 72 | |
| 6564038644 | Austronesian speakers | people originating from china who moved to New Guinea, the Philippines, and Taiwan | 73 | |
| 6564038645 | Sumerians, Sumer | (1)nomadic pastoralists that settled in Mesopotamia and created a civilization (2)the civilization's name | 74 | |
| 6564038646 | Uruk | largest city in Sumer | 75 | |
| 6564038647 | City-state | independent city with its own government | 76 | |
| 6564038648 | King | military rulers who ruled over kingdoms | 77 | |
| 6564038649 | Kingdom | territory ruled over by kings | 78 | |
| 6564038650 | Babylonians | Persian people who invaded and settled in mesopotamia | 79 | |
| 6564038651 | Empire | a controlled large territory that includes diverse cultural groups | 80 | |
| 6564038652 | Phoenicians | people who developed a wide trade network across the Mediterranean Sea around 3000 BCE | 81 | |
| 6564038653 | Old, Middle, and New Kingdoms | three long periods of Egyptian stability | 82 | |
| 6564038654 | Hyksos | pastoral nomadic people from modern syria that invaded the Middle Kingdom with chariots | 83 | |
| 6564038655 | Hittites | invaders that used iron tools and had advantage over the Egyptians | 84 | |
| 6564038656 | Kush | nation that was dependent on Egypt but became an important kingdom economically (trade) even without the control of Egypt | 85 | |
| 6564038657 | Axum | civilization founded on present day Ethiopia; was a Christian kingdom that defeated the Kush | 86 | |
| 6564038658 | Dravidians | indigenous peoples in Indian subcontinent that established the Indus Valley Civilizations | 87 | |
| 6564038659 | Harappa | One of the sophisticated urban centers of the Indus Valley Civilizations (other: Mohenjo-Daro) | 88 | |
| 6564038660 | Mohenjo-Daro | One of the sophisticated urban centers of the Indus Valley Civilizations (other: Harappa) | 89 | |
| 6564038661 | Chavin civilization | Mesoamerican civilization that developed near Peru | 90 | |
| 6564038662 | Olmec | foundational civilization of all mesoamerican civilizations | 91 | |
| 6564038663 | Easter Island | one of the islands in polynesia; clans constructed large stone statues | 92 | |
| 6564038664 | Aboriginals | Australia's hunter-foragers | 93 | |
| 6564038665 | Code of Hammurabi | set of laws in Babylonia | 94 | |
| 6564038666 | Pharaoh | king leading the Egyptian civilization | 95 | |
| 6564038667 | Akhenaton | pharaoh that tried to change Egypt's religion to monotheism | 96 | |
| 6564038668 | Ramses the Great | powerful pharaoh who expanded the empire into Southwest Asia | 97 | |
| 6564038669 | Xia Dynasty | first Chinese dynasty near the Huang He river | 98 | |
| 6564038670 | Mandate of Heaven | idea that a just ruler's power was bestowed by the gods | 99 | |
| 6564038671 | Zhou Dynasty | longest dynasty in Chinese history | 100 |
