Terms : Hide Images
| 4243713985 | nomad | early people whose sole focus in life was shelter and food | 0 | |
| 4243713986 | foraging societies | hunter-gatherer clans; small groups of people who traveled from place to place for plants and animals | 1 | |
| 4243715501 | pastoral societies | domesticated animals; small-scale agriculture; extended family; few women's rights | 2 | |
| 4243715502 | cuneiform | first form of writing created by Sumerians |  | 3 |
| 4243715503 | polytheistic | belief in multiple gods; major beliefs in early societies (Sumerians were polytheistic) | 4 | |
| 4243717107 | ziggurat | Sumerian temple to appease the multiple gods | 5 | |
| 4243717108 | Code of Hammurabi | Created by King Hammurabi of Babylon; "an eye for an eye"; legal code, justice and fairness | 6 | |
| 4243718680 | Pharaohs | the rulers of the Egypt | 7 | |
| 4243718681 | hieroglyphics | pictograph writing of Egyptians |  | 8 |
| 4243720225 | mummification | process of preserving dead bodies because the Egyptians believed in life after death | 9 | |
| 4243720226 | pyramids | created to house mummified bodies | 10 | |
| 4243720227 | river valley | most early civilizations were created by river valleys for fertile soil | 11 | |
| 4243722531 | calendar | Creation of Early China, Sumerians, and Olmecs (and others), separately | 12 | |
| 4243722532 | Hinduism | evolved from Aryan beliefs; reincarnation; caste system; polytheistic | 13 | |
| 4243722533 | the Vedas and the Upanishads | holy books of the Hindus; recorded beliefs and traditions | 14 | |
| 4243724726 | Brahmans | the priest class of the Hindu caste system; closer to the gods than the warriors | 15 | |
| 4243724727 | patriarchy | lead by the eldest male | 16 | |
| 4243726415 | Mandate of Heaven | heaven would grant the specific empire power only as long as its rulers governed justly and wisely | 17 | |
| 4243727877 | bureaucracy, bureau | organized government tasks by department, or bureau | 18 | |
| 4243729462 | migration | the movement of a people usually spurred by climactic changes, search of food and hospitable environment, people migrated after the food supply was exhausted | 19 | |
| 4243730598 | Zhou Dynasty | 1100 BCE, maintained customs of Shang; longest dynasty; created mandate of Heaven | 20 | |
| 4243735690 | Neolithic Revolution (Agricultural Revolution) | 8000 BCE to 3000 BCE- agricultural lifestyles and town and city life (small groups and communities, not civilizations)-> food surplus -> specialization of labor | 21 | |
| 4243735691 | Bronze Age | 3000 BCE, the creation of tools with bronze became popular | 22 | |
| 4243735692 | Mesopotamia | "land between the rivers"; series of ancient civilizations (Sumer-Babylon-Persia); part of the Fertile Crescent; unpredictable flooding of rivers | 23 | |
| 4243737771 | Sumerian civilization | Southern Mesopotamia; agriculture and river management; cuneiform; wheel; calendar; polytheistic; ziggurats; downfall by invasions | 24 | |
| 4243737772 | Tigris and Euphrates Rivers | rivers in the fertile crescent/Mesopotamia area; unpredictable flooding caused downfalls of settlements | 25 | |
| 4243739805 | Babylon | Hammurabi, code, fell due to Invasions of Hittites and Kassites | 26 | |
| 4243739806 | Hittites | use of iron to overthrow Babylon; military superpower; defeated by Assyrians | 27 | |
| 4243741544 | Assyrians | Use of iron knowledge from Hittites, Capital at Nineveh, empire, disciplined but cruel, strong military | 28 | |
| 4243741545 | Nebuchadnezzar | Chaldean king who took over Assyrians; rebuilt Babylon; expansion of empire | 29 | |
| 4243743432 | Persian Empire | Eventually took over Chaldeans | 30 | |
| 4243744836 | Egyptian civilization | Nile River; agricultural opportunities; lived in smaller towns | 31 | |
| 4243744837 | King Menes | built Egyptian capital at Memphis, managed floodwaters; irrigation, drainage; made a wealthy and powerful civilization | 32 | |
| 4243746206 | Queen Hatchepsut | first female ruler known in history; During New Kingdom of Egypt; expansion; demonstrates higher social status of women in Egypt than in other countries (still lesser than men) | 33 | |
| 4243746207 | Indus Valley | river system with huge mountains; limited contact with others | 34 | |
| 4243748079 | Fertile Crescent | land where Mesopotamia is; Tigris and Euphrates | 35 | |
| 4243748080 | Khyber Pass | opening in Hindu Kush mountains that connected India with outside world with trade | 36 | |
| 4243750476 | Harappa and Mohenjo-Daro | Two major cities of ancient Indus Valley civilization (2500-1500 BCE); master planned, uniformly constructed, sophisticated wastewater systems | 37 | |
| 4243750477 | Aryans | nomadic tribes from the north who used horses and advanced weaponry, invaded & defeated Indus Valley populations | 38 | |
| 4243750478 | Shang China | near the Yellow River valley; trade-centered; powerful military; built walls; other good achievements in science | 39 | |
| 4243752498 | Bantu Migrations | 1500 BCE; farmers in Sub-Saharan Africa migrated south and east; spread language, agriculture and metallurgy knowledge | 40 | |
| 4243752499 | Olmec and Chavin | Exceptions to River Valley rule; Olmec in Mexico (polythiestic, calendar, buildings, irrigation, writing system) Chavin in the Andes (polythiestic, access to coast/seafood, llama use) | 41 |
