9840696200 | Period 4 | (1450-1750) Global Interactions | 0 | |
9840696201 | Existing Regional Patterns of Trade | Indian Ocean, Mediterranean, Sahara, and Overland Eurasia | 1 | |
9840696202 | Navigational Technologies | New tools, ship designs, and understanding of wind and current patterns based on Asian and Islamic knowledge and technology | 2 | |
9840696203 | Wind and Current Patterns | Knowledge of these patterns helped created new connections between Eastern and Western hemispheres | 3 | |
9840696204 | Cartography | New practice of making maps | 4 | |
9840696205 | Caravel | New ship design that helped create connections between Eastern and Western hemispheres | 5 | |
9840696206 | Gunpowder, Cannons, and Armed Trade | Imperial expansion relied on the use of these | 6 | |
9840696207 | Portuguese Trading-Post Empire | These people traveled to West Africa through transoceanic maritime travels and developed these. | 7 | |
9840696208 | Spanish Sponsored Travels | These were across the Atlantic (Colombian) and Pacific | 8 | |
9840696209 | Northern Atlantic Crossings | Fishing and settlements continued and spurred searches for routes to Asia | 9 | |
9840696210 | Silver | Crucial material in Atlantic system to global economy. Came from spanish colonies in America's to purchase Asian goods | 10 | |
9840696211 | Indian Ocean Trading System | Regional markets continued to flourish as Europeans transported goods between markets on this, supporting global circulation of goods. | 11 | |
9840696212 | Omani-European Rivalry | Competition of asian trade caused this | 12 | |
9840696213 | Mercantilist Policies | (government involved in economics so government gets more money) Used by rulers to control economies and overseas territories. | 13 | |
9840696214 | Joint-Stock Companies | A way European rulers and merchants financed exploration and competition for trade. | 14 | |
9840696215 | Atlantic Trading System | Involving colonies in America in global circulation of goods. | 15 | |
9840696216 | Mixing of Culture | An effect of the Colombian exchange was the mixing of American, European, and African people in America | 16 | |
9840696217 | Colombian Exchange | Spread of disease, crops, animals, and foods across the Atlantic. | 17 | |
9840696218 | Spread of Disease | Smallpox, measles and influenza from Europeans killed millions of Amerindians | 18 | |
9840696219 | Spread of Crops | Potatoes, maize, fruit trees and grains from America increase populations in Afro-Eurasia | 19 | |
9840696220 | Spread of Domesticated Animals | Horses, pigs and cattle brought to America from Europe | 20 | |
9840696221 | Okra and Rice | Foods brought by African slaves to the Americas | 21 | |
9840696222 | Mosquitoes and Rats | Carriers of diseases from Europe to America | 22 | |
9840696223 | Population Fluctuations | Growth: new foods and animals. Decline: disease | 23 | |
9840696224 | Global Spread of Christianity | A religious effect of the Colombian Exchange | 24 | |
9840696225 | European Maritime Empires | Atlantic system caused competition between these. | 25 | |
9840696226 | Cash Crops | Sugarcane and Tobacco grown on plantations with coerced labor | 26 | |
9840696227 | Renaissance | As wealth of merchants and governments increases, more funding goes to this | 27 | |
9840696228 | Literacy Rates | Increasing thanks to new visual, performance, and literary arts as well as scientific inquiry during the Renaissance. | 28 | |
9840696229 | Little Ice Age | Drove innovations in agricultural practices to help stabilize European populations | 29 | |
9840696230 | Peasant Labor and Revolts | A continuation of societal practices from the past in Europe | 30 | |
9840696231 | European Gentry and Urban Commercian Entrepreneurs | New elites in European society | 31 | |
9840696232 | Smaller Families | A social change in families in Europe | 32 | |
9840696233 | European Nobles | Old elites in Europeans society | 33 | |
9840696234 | Protestant and Catholic Reformations | This diversification and reformation in Christianity influenced the spread of Christianity outside of Europe | 34 | |
9840696235 | Divine Right | A continued method to legitimize rule of of kings by claiming to be chosen by god | 35 | |
9840696236 | Palace of Versailles | An example of art and architecture continuing old methods to legitimize rule to grow more powerful | 36 | |
9840696237 | Thirty Years' War | An intensification of state rivalries in result to rulers growing more powerful. | 37 | |
9840696238 | Russian Empire | Grew dramatically in size due to imperial expansion relying on guns and cannons. | 38 | |
9840696239 | Maritime Empires in Americas | Portuguese, Spanish, Dutch, French and British | 39 | |
9840696240 | Aztec Empire | Fails due to European diseases and guns | 40 | |
9840696241 | European Colonies | These were established to produce raw materials | 41 | |
9840696242 | Piracy in Caribbean | European competition over trade in America's resulted in trade wars and this | 42 | |
9840696243 | Creoles | (spanish descent people born in america's) New elite in response to diversity with differential treatment of | 43 | |
9840696244 | Mestizo and Mulatto | New racial classifications. 1/2 spanish 1/2 indian or 1/2 spanish 1/2 black | 44 | |
9840696245 | República de Indos | Spanish created this for Amerindians | 45 | |
9840696246 | Chattel Slavery | Coerced labor where African slaved could be bought and sold (increased with growth of plantation economy). | 46 | |
9840696247 | Indentured Servitude | Coerced labor where poor Europeans worked to pay for passage to America. | 47 | |
9840696248 | Encomienda and Hacienda Systems | Coerced labor where spanish forced Amerindians to work in these and mines. | 48 | |
9840696249 | Inca Mit'a | Coerced Labor that was adapted to forced Amerindians to work for Spanish | 49 | |
9840696250 | Plantation Economy | Chattel slavery increased in result of this type of economy. | 50 | |
9840696251 | Sugar and Silver | Europeans established colonies to produce these raw materials | 51 | |
9840696252 | Deforestation and Soil Depletion | Introduction of European agriculture practices resulted in this | 52 | |
9840696253 | Vodun | An example of syncretism that was a mix of Christianity and African religion | 53 | |
9840696254 | Traditional Patterns of Slavery | Incorporation of female slaves into households and the export of slaves into Mediterranean and Indian Ocean | 54 | |
9840696255 | Atlantic Slave Trade | A change in Africa along with the growth of plantation economy in Americas | 55 | |
9840696256 | Gun Slave Cycle | This destructive practice contributed to slave trade and growth of plantation economy | 56 | |
9840696257 | Ashanti and Benin | Europeans established trading posts along coast but these local states limited their impact | 57 | |
9840696258 | Middle Passage | Creates African diaspora as millions of Africans are forced to endure this | 58 | |
9840696259 | African Diaspora | Created through the Middle Passage | 59 | |
9840696260 | Demographic Changes | Women/men ration imbalanced and population decline in Africa | 60 | |
9840696261 | King of Kongo | Spread Christianity through Atlantic Slave Trade | 61 | |
9840696262 | Songhay Empire | Promoted and used Islam to legitimize rule in West Africa's savannah | 62 | |
9840780298 | Gunpowder Empires | Muslim rulers made extensive use of guns and cannons | 63 | |
9840780299 | Ottoman Empire | Land empire that spanned Asia, Africa, and Europe and had centralized rule. | 64 | |
9840780300 | Ottoman Devshirme | A part of the centralized rule characterized by giving up children for school and if they succeed they become bureaucratic elites and if they don't they become military elites. | 65 | |
9840780301 | Janissaries | The military elite that came from the devshirme system. | 66 | |
9840780302 | Suleyman the Magnificent | A powerful sultan that showed centralized rule in the Ottoman Empire | 67 | |
9840780303 | Ottoman Miniature Paintings | Powerful sultans legitimized and glorified their rule with art | 68 | |
9840780304 | Mosques | Powerful sultans legitimized and glorified their rule with architecture | 69 | |
9840955569 | Tax Farming | Generated revenue for territorial expansion in he Ottoman Empire | 70 | |
9840955570 | Tax for Non-Muslims | Ottoman people were tolerant but differential of ethnic and religious minorities | 71 | |
9840955571 | Shiism | Rulers in the Safavid empire used this to legitimize their rule | 72 | |
9840955572 | Shi'a-Sunni Split | State rivalries between Safavid and Ottoman empires intensified this | 73 | |
9840955573 | Mughal Empire | Empire in South Asia with rulers legitimizing rule, religious diversity, and robust society. | 74 | |
9840955574 | Mughal Society | Peasants and Artisans increased production of cotton textiles | 75 | |
9840955575 | Zamindars | Existing land-owning elites of Mughal empire | 76 | |
9840955576 | Taj Mahal | Example of a ruler legitimizing and glorifying their rule with architecture of mosques and mausolea | 77 | |
9840955577 | Sikhism | Syncretic belief system (hindu-muslim) | 78 | |
9840955578 | Buddhist Schools | Syncretism of buddhism spread through new practices and this | 79 | |
9840955579 | Sufism in South Ease Asia | Missionaries of this spread religions with syncretism | 80 | |
9840955580 | Southeast Asian Women | We're relied on by men for trading | 81 | |
9840955581 | European Trading Post Empires | Limited impact by local states | 82 | |
9840955582 | Qing Empire | Chinese Empire with new elites, territorial expansion, and legitimizing rulers | 83 | |
9840955583 | Manchus in China | This new elite continued from old bureaucratic elite with examination system | 84 | |
9840955584 | Examination System | Rulers are chosen based on their knowledge of a specific topic | 85 | |
9840955585 | Tribute Collection | This and taxes were used to generate revenue for territorial expansion of the Qing empire | 86 | |
9840955586 | Qing Imperial Portraits | Rulers legitimized their rule with this type of art in China | 87 | |
9840955587 | Public Performance of Confucian Rituals | Emperors legitimized their rule in doing this | 88 | |
9840955588 | Silk, Porcelain and Tea | Peasants and artisans in China increased production of this | 89 | |
9840955589 | Tokugawa Shogunate | Japan with adapted gunpowder weapons, social elites, military professionals, and policy of isolation to limit European impact. | 90 | |
9840955590 | Daimyo | Continued as existing social elite in Japan | 91 | |
9840955591 | Salaried Samauri | Military professionals in Japan that sometimes revolted against state consolidation. | 92 |
AP World History Period 4 Flashcards
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