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AP World History Religions Flashcards

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5894457494Why did we develop belief systems?Because humans have always needed to understand natural phenomenon0
5894457495PolytheismBelief in many gods1
5894457496MonotheismBelief in one God2
5894457498ShintoA Japanese religion whose followers believe that all things in the natural world are filled with divine spirits -"Way of the Gods" -Founded around the year 500 BCE -The Emperor of Japan was considered to be divine and a direct descendant of the Sun Goddess.3
5894457499HinduismA religion and philosophy developed in ancient India, characterized by a belief in reincarnation and a supreme being who takes many forms. -Polytheistic -A result of cultural diffusion between the Aryans and other native people in India. -Practiced in India -The Vedas, Upanishads, etc.. were all significant writings.4
5894457500AtmanThe spiritual oneness of the soul5
5894457501BrahmanThe term for The Universal Soul in Hinduism.6
5894457502MokshaThe Hindu concept of the spirit's 'liberation' from the endless cycle of rebirths.7
5894457503SamsaraThe endless cycle of birth, death, and rebirth8
5894457504ReincarnationIn Hinduism and Buddhism, the process by which a soul is reborn continuously until it achieves perfect understanding Basically Samsara9
5894457505Karma(Hinduism and Buddhism) the effects of a person's actions that determine his destiny in his next incarnation10
5894457506DharmaFulfilling one's duty in life11
5894457507AhismaThat all life is sacred12
5894457508Caste SystemA Hindu social class system that controlled every aspect of daily life13
5894457509Judaism-A religion with a belief in one god (Monotheistic) -It originated with Abraham and the Hebrew people. -Practiced worldwide but most Jews are in Israel. -They have 10 commandments14
5894457510BuddhismA religion founded in India by Siddhartha Gautama which teaches that the most important thing in life is to reach peace by ending suffering.15
5894457511The Four Noble TruthsThe core of the Buddhist teaching. There is suffering. There is a cause to suffering. There is an end to suffering. The is a path out of suffering (the Noble 8-fold path). 1. Life is full of pain and suffering 2. human desire causes this suffering 3. By putting an end to desire, humans can end suffering 4. Humans can end desire by following the Eightfold Path16
5894457512The Eightfold Path1. Know that suffering is caused by desire 2. Be selfless and love all life 3. Do not lie, or speak without a cause 4. Do not kill, steal, or commit other unrighteous acts 5. Do not do things which promote evil 6. Take effort to promote righteousness 7. Be aware of your physical actions, state of mind, and emotions. 8. Learn to meditate.17
5894457513ConfucianismA philosophy that adheres to the teachings of the Chinese philosopher Confucius. It shows the way to ensure a stable government and an orderly society in the present world and stresses a moral code of conduct.18
5894457514Five Relationships in Confucianism:- Ruler to ruled - Father to Son - Older brother to Younger brother - Husband to Wife - Friend to Friend19
5894457516Taoism or Daoisman ideology whose central theme is the Way, a philosophy teaching that eternal happiness lies in total identification with nature and deploring passion, unnecessary invention; simple life of individuals -Ying and Yang is used to illustrate the natural harmony in the world.20
5894457517ChristianityA monotheistic system of beliefs and practices based on the Old Testament and the teachings of Jesus as embodied in the New Testament and emphasizing the role of Jesus as savior. -Also has the Ten Commandments -Believe in the Holy Trinity Christians take part in sacraments.21
5894457518The Holy TrinityThe Creator (Father), Redeemer (Son), and the Sustainer (Holy Spirit)22
5894457519SacramentsReligious practices such as baptism and receiving the Eucharist. There are 7 sacraments in total.23
5894457522Zoroastrianism- A dualistic faith, this means they believe in two gods representing good and evil -It was very important during the Sassanid Persian Dynasty.24
5894457523LegalismChinese philosophy developed by Hanfeizi; taught that humans are naturally evil and therefore need to be ruled by harsh laws25

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