Terms : Hide Images
| 3032768699 | Kushan Kingdom | Northern India- silk road "middleman" civilization | 0 | |
| 3032777252 | Samarkand | Important trading city in the silk road (located in Uzbek) very wealthy center of trade and learning | 1 | |
| 3032779064 | Bukhara | The capital of the Samanid Dynasty; trading city along silk road | 2 | |
| 3032781665 | Parthian | Persian empire which facilitated trade between Han and Rome | 3 | |
| 3032785347 | post-Classical | Time period in African history after ancient Egyptians/Nubians | 4 | |
| 3032795722 | Sahel | a strip of dry grasslands on the southern border of the Sahara | 5 | |
| 3032796718 | Cultural Differentiation | differences between cultures that make one group distinguishable from another | 6 | |
| 3032800659 | Cultural Diffusion | The spread of ideas, customs, and technologies from one society to another | 7 | |
| 3032804891 | Bantu | A common group of people that slowly migrated from Nigeria and Cameroon starting around 3000 BCE to most of the rest of Africa by 1000 BCE | 8 | |
| 3053817634 | Muhammad | Prophet founder of Islam who spread the message of God | 9 | |
| 3053824541 | Allah | God in Arabic | 10 | |
| 3053827027 | Shari'a | the code of law derived from the Koran and the teachings of Muhammed | 11 | |
| 3053833843 | Five Pillars of Islam | the basic acts forming foundation of Islam, considered mandatory by believers to reach reward in afterlife (heaven) | 12 | |
| 3053850160 | Mecca | City in western Arabia; birthplace of the Prophet Muhammad, and ritual center of the Islamic religion | 13 | |
| 3053858074 | Hajj | A pilgrimage to Mecca, one of Five Pillars of Islam | 14 | |
| 3053862526 | Kaaba | A black box building in center of Mecca- most sacred Muslim pilgrim shrine | 15 | |
| 3053871487 | Hijrah | Muhammad's migration from Mecca to Medina | 16 | |
| 3053944751 | Technology, Valuables, Middlemen, Cultural Impact | Four characteristics of trade routes | 17 | |
| 3053949860 | Sterup, Saddle, Yoke | Silk road technology | 18 | |
| 3053952729 | Chariots, Silk, Ivory, Gold | Silk road valubles | 19 | |
| 3053957863 | Sogdians | Central asian middlemen civilization who maintained stability and access of the silk road around 300-600 ce | 20 | |
| 3053980738 | Spread of Religion | Cultural Impact of silk road | 21 | |
| 3053985210 | Camel Domestication and Saddle | Technology of trans-saharan trade | 22 | |
| 3053990865 | Gold, Salt | Valuables of trans-saharan trade | 23 | |
| 3053997263 | Ghana, Mali, Songhai | Middlemen civilizations of trans-saharan trade | 24 | |
| 3054005976 | Sahel Kingdoms | collective name for Ghana, Mali, Songhai | 25 | |
| 3054007794 | Islam | Cultural impact of trans-saharan trade | 26 | |
| 3054013109 | Swahili | Trade language of east Africa which is combination of Persian, Indian, Indonesian, Arabic, and Bantu | 27 | |
| 3054025982 | Bananas, Yams, Iron, Gold | Valuables of Sahel trade network | 28 | |
| 3054034123 | Revelation | Name for teachings of God which Muhammad received in 613 | 29 | |
| 3054038122 | Charity | Pillar of Islam- donate to poor | 30 | |
| 3054040741 | Fasting | Pillar of Islam- do not eat or drink during daylight hours of Ramadan | 31 | |
| 3054050183 | Pray | Pillar of Islam- standard is to do this five times per day | 32 | |
| 3054053988 | Faith | Pillar of Islam- belief in the one true Allah | 33 | |
| 3054060058 | Jerusalem | City where Muhammad ascended to heaven | 34 | |
| 3062516288 | Dome of the Rock | Muslim shrine containing the rock from which Mohammad is believed to have risen to heaven; Jews believe Abraham prepared to sacrifice his son Isaac on the rock | 35 | |
| 3062528805 | Medina | trade city where Muhammad fled to and spread Islam | 36 | |
| 3062539885 | Mosque | A Muslim place of worship | 37 | |
| 3062542337 | Rightly Guided Caliphs | The first four Caliphs are collectively known as | 38 | |
| 3062549530 | Caliphs | Blood-line successors of Muhammad who ruled Islamic world | 39 | |
| 3062555279 | Abu Bakr, Umar, Uthman, Ali | The first four Caliphs | 40 | |
| 3062560888 | Umayyads | A family of power that disagreed with blood-line of Muhammad as rulers of Muslim world. Took over from Ali and ruled with Jihad | 41 | |
| 3062570749 | Mu'awiyah | Umayyad who waged war against Ali and first non blood relative of Muhammad to rule Islamic world | 42 | |
| 3062582557 | Shia (Shiites) | Branch of Islam which believes Islam should be ruled by direct descendants of Muhammad | 43 | |
| 3062590195 | Sunni | Branch of Islam which believes Islam can be ruled by any worthy Muslim | 44 | |
| 3062597301 | Temple Mound | Sacred Jewish site which was elevated above Jerusalem at current location of Dome of the Rock | 45 | |
| 3071536124 | Caravanserai | Hostels invented by Abbasids which merchants in trans-saharan trade could stay in | 46 | |
| 3071551485 | Astrolabe | An Abbasid-invented navigational tool | 47 | |
| 3071560856 | Dhow | Abbasid invented hardy ocean capable ship with triangular (lateen) sails | 48 | |
| 3071572327 | Credit | An arrangement to receive cash, goods, or services now and pay for them in the future- invented by Abbasids | 49 | |
| 3071574654 | Check | A paper representation of financial credit- invented by Abbasids | 50 | |
| 3071584783 | Madrasas | Former zoroastrian schools which Abbasids built across empire and used to teach Islam | 51 | |
| 3071590911 | Sufism | Branch of Islam with no leadership; very personal | 52 | |
| 3071609190 | Baghdad | Place where Islamic Capital was moved to satisfy persians; became a major center of learning and trade | 53 | |
| 3071615969 | Abbasid | "Golden" Islamic Empire which spread Islam through trade and synthesis | 54 | |
| 3071623506 | Husayn | Ali's son who was killed while challenging the Umayyads | 55 | |
| 3071638368 | Arabian Nights | Abbasid literature piece which is compilation of tales | 56 | |
| 3071651623 | Andalusian Kingdom | Spain under the Abbasid Caliphate; an example of diversity | 57 | |
| 3071660515 | Cordoba, Seville, Toledo | Cities of the Andalusian Kingdom | 58 | |
| 3071671202 | Jinns | Benevolent desert spirits which Muhammad declared Muslim angels | 59 | |
| 3071680429 | Shaitans | Evil desert spirits which Muhammad declared Muslim devil | 60 | |
| 3124631650 | Timbuktu | Mali city that became a center of wealth and learning- part of trans-Saharan trade | 61 | |
| 3124637834 | Kilwa | Important Swahili East African coast city for trade | 62 | |
| 3124641772 | Melaka | first major Muslim city in Southeast Asia; on Malay Peninsula | 63 | |
| 3124649205 | Turkic | people from Central Asia and their language | 64 | |
| 3124654427 | Muslim Agricultural Revolution | Period of agricultural innovations attributed to Islam | 65 | |
| 3124685318 | Hadith | Secondary accounts of sayings of the Prophet Muhammad, used to supplement the revelations contained in the Qur'an. | 66 | |
| 3124696730 | Artificial Fertilizer, Hybridization, Irrigation Systems (qanat, shad'uf, noria) | Innovations of Muslim Agricultural Revolution | 67 | |
| 3124699637 | Qanat System | an Islamic invented system of gravity-fed irrigation that uses gently sloping tunnels to capture groundwater and direct it to low-lying fields | 68 | |
| 3124746519 | Women's Rights, Philosophy, Math, Science | Evidence that Islam was more progressive than other societies | 69 | |
| 3124762495 | Algebra, Arabic Numerals, Zero | Islamic math contributions | 70 | |
| 3124772478 | Tolerant, Trade, Inventions, Literature, Diversity | Evidence of Abbasid empire as golden age | 71 | |
| 3124779288 | Byzantine | Eastern roman empire which lasted a long time but wasn't influential for very long | 72 | |
| 3124783429 | Justinian | Early Byzantine Emperor from 527-565 who promoted Eastern Orthodox and created a law code | 73 | |
| 3124797045 | Great Schism (1054) | First split in Christianity as a result of tension between Roman Catholic and Eastern Orthodox | 74 | |
| 3124803465 | Nika Riots | One of 6 rebellions under Justinian which was catalyzed by chariot races | 75 | |
| 3124810584 | High Taxes | Main problem which sparked rebellion in Byzantine Empire | 76 | |
| 3124812280 | Hagia Sophia | Massive church built by Justinian in Constantinople- now a massive Mosque | 77 | |
| 3124816227 | Justinian Code | The body of Roman law collected by order of the Byzantine emperor Justinian | 78 | |
| 3137800586 | Treaty of Verdun | Agreement between Charlemagne's three sons which split Carolingian Empire into 3 pieces | 79 | |
| 3137812130 | France, Burgunely, Holy Roman Empire | Three pieces of Carlingian Empire by Treaty of Verdun | 80 | |
| 3137818684 | Medieval Period | Disorganized time in Europe from 476 (Fall of Rome) to 1450 (Height of Renaissance) | 81 | |
| 3137826573 | Clovis | Germanic tribesman who tried to unite Europe with Christianity- descendants known as Carolingians | 82 | |
| 3137834195 | Charles Martel (719-741) | Carolingian leader who fended off Islamic warriors from Spain (Andalusia) | 83 | |
| 3137841642 | Battle of Tours | Battle where Charles Martel stopped the Islamic advance at the Pyrenees mountains north of Spain preserving European Christianity | 84 | |
| 3137846207 | Pepin the Short (741-768) | Charles Martel's son and Charlemagne's father- first "Holy" "Roman" "Emperor" for sending first ever Papal guard to Rome | 85 | |
| 3137856706 | Charlemagne (768-814) | "Great" Carolingian leader who united Europe under Christianity for good- used brutal force | 86 | |
| 3137863933 | Louis the Pious (814-840) | Carolingian leader after Charlemagne who was very religious but not the best leader | 87 | |
| 3137875213 | Carolingian Dynasty | A series of Frankish rulers from the Carolingian Family including Pepin and Charlemagne ruling in Gaul | 88 | |
| 3137884843 | Feudalism | System where king distributes land among lords who rule and protect their territory paying taxes to the king | 89 | |
| 3137900025 | Not Widespread, Little Strategic Land Distribution Militarily, Inter-lord Fighting | Problems with Feudalism | 90 | |
| 3137913628 | Renaissance | Rebirth of ideas and humanity and Europe; ended Middle Ages | 91 | |
| 3146274826 | Three field crop rotation | Islamic inspired, European invented agricultural innovation of 12th century which helped preserve soil quality | 92 | |
| 3146292610 | King John | King of England who was pressured by nobles to sign Magna Carta | 93 | |
| 3146302172 | Magna Carta | Gave rights, privileges, and power to landed nobles in england | 94 | |
| 3146338303 | Landed Nobility (gentry) | a social level slightly lower than full elites who were considered important because they owned lots of land | 95 | |
| 3146350462 | Shad'uf, Noria | Two names for Islamic invented irrigation system involving a big waterwheel with buckets | 96 | |
| 3146372436 | Waterwheel, windmill, metallurgy | Chinese agricultural inventions which spread to Europe during 12th century | 97 | |
| 3146379802 | Population soared, urbanization | Two major demographic changes of 12th century Europe | 98 | |
| 3146387521 | Manorialism | The economic base of feudalism; peasants worked farms and gave portion of crop to lords who in turn provided protection | 99 | |
| 3146401305 | Fief | An estate granted to a vassal by a lord under the feudal system in medieval Europe | 100 | |
| 3146408591 | Manor | A large estate, often including farms and a village, ruled by a lord. | 101 | |
| 3146411153 | Vassal | A person who received a grant of land from a lord in exchange for a pledge of loyalty and services | 102 | |
| 3146420119 | Tithe | A church tax, which was usually 10% of one's income | 103 | |
| 3146423736 | Serf | A peasant who lived on and farmed a lord's land in feudal times | 104 | |
| 3146436993 | Burghers | merchant-class commoners who came to power due to trade in Italian city states | 105 | |
| 3154574922 | Holy Land | Jerusalem and parts of the surrounding area where Jesus lived and taught | 106 | |
| 3154577376 | Crusade of Kings | 3rd Crusade; led by king Richard, Frederic Barbossa, Phillip Agustus but only Richard made it to Holy Land and; ended with a peace treaty | 107 | |
| 3154606643 | Saladin | Noble and powerful Islamic leader who fought with King Richard during 3rd Crusade; made peace treaty | 108 | |
| 3154624109 | King Richard | English leader who signed peace treaty to end Crusade of Kings and allowing Christians to visit holy land | 109 | |
| 3154628611 | Frederick Barbarossa | German king who drowned in a river during Crusade of Kings thereby ending German participation | 110 | |
| 3154639118 | Philip Augustus | French leader during Crusade of Kings | 111 | |
| 3154647156 | Children's Crusade | Thousands of young people decided to march from Europe to Holy Land but were lost at sea, many to piracy | 112 | |
| 3154660891 | Hanseatic League (Hansa) | Trade organization of Northern Europe which linked and united city states with protection from vikings and no tariffs | 113 | |
| 3154667650 | Utrecht, London | Two powerful city-states of Hansa | 114 | |
| 3154680192 | Venice, Florence, Genoa | Italian city states which became wealthy and powerful because of Crusade trade; heartland of Renaissance | 115 | |
| 3154689792 | Inquisition | Board of church officials which acted as "judicial branch" of Catholic government | 116 | |
| 3154706430 | Heresy | An act contrary to church belief; politically punashable sin | 117 | |
| 3154712825 | Indulgence | Tax paid to church after comitting heresy | 118 | |
| 3154718833 | Excommunication | Banishment from the Church and therefore society; extreme punishment for heresy | 119 | |
| 3154733038 | Trade, Ideas, Technology | Beneficial impact of Crusades on Europe | 120 | |
| 3161269668 | Black Plague | Epidemic that broke out in Europe around year 1347, killing a third of the population; brought in by Crusades | 121 | |
| 3161273397 | Eric the Red | Viking who discovered Iceland and Greenalnd seeking an alternate route to Miklagard | 122 | |
| 3161285203 | Miklagard | Viking name for Constantinople; their main trade partner | 123 | |
| 3161293784 | Slavic | European ethnic group which first occupied russia | 124 | |
| 3161297444 | Vikings, Mongols | Outside peoples who shaped Russian civilization | 125 | |
| 3161302527 | Leif Ericson | Viking who discovered north america | 126 | |
| 3161303828 | Little Ice Age | Reason the vikings stopped exploring | 127 | |
| 3161305571 | Rurik | Viking explorer of central European rivers who seeked shortcut to Miklagard | 128 | |
| 3161311156 | Kiev | First Russian city which formed due to Viking trade with Constantinople | 129 | |
| 3161315023 | Vladimir | First non-viking ruler of Russia who used Orthodoxy to unite | 130 | |
| 3161317691 | Novgorod | City Russians retreated to when Mongols attacked; became extremely wealthy as Hanseatic middlemen cty between London and Constantinople | 131 | |
| 3161436906 | Synthesis | Technique used to spread religion where ideas are altered slightly and combined with existing beliefs in the area | 132 | |
| 3163793284 | Crisis, Infrastructure, Patron | What a religion needs to spread | 133 | |
| 3163813459 | Monsoons | Seasonal winds which Indian Ocean traders used for reliable, speedy transport | 134 | |
| 3163827639 | Rudder, Fore and Aft Rigging, Lateen Sail | Technology of Indian Ocean Trade | 135 | |
| 3163850310 | Population Boom | Impact of bananas and iron in Africa | 136 | |
| 3163857405 | Jihad | "Holy war", spread islam through conquest like Umayyad | 137 |
