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AP World History Unit 2 Flashcards

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7872984921Judaismthe monotheistic religion of the Jews0
7872984922Hebrew ScripturesOld Testament/Torah1
7872984923Jewish Diasporathe scattering of the Jewish people outside their homeland beginning about 586 BCE2
7872984924ZoroastrianismMonotheistic Persian religion3
7872984925Royal Road1600 mile Persian road used for trade and unification4
7872984926Persian empirelong-lasting and wealthy empire centered in present-day Iran, known for lack of slavery and kindness to conquered peoples5
7872984927Persepolisancient city that was the capital of the ancient Persian Empire6
7872984928Cyrus the Greatking of Persia and founder of the Persian empire (circa 600-529 BC)7
7872984929Satrapsgovernors of provinces in the Persian Empire8
7872984930Qanat systemUnderground irrigation canal in Persia9
7872984931ConfucianismA system of beliefs based on the teachings of Confucius Emphasized 5 main relationships, systems of hierarchy and power, and respect for those above you10
7872984932Filial pietyRespect for parents (Confucianism)11
7872984933DaoismA religion in China which emphasized the removal from society and to become one with nature12
7872984934Shi Huangdifounder of the Qin dynasty and China's first emperor, Legalism13
7872984935Qin DynastyThe first centralized dynasty of China that used Legalism as its basis of belief, very short rule14
7872984936Legalisma Chinese philosophy that emphasizes strict obedience to laws and harsh punishments15
7872984937Great Wall of Chinaa fortification 1,500 miles long built across northern China in the 3rd century BC, kept out invading barbarians16
7872984938Terracotta Warriorsarmy of clay warriors buried in Shi Huangdi's tomb17
7872984939Ancestor VenerationWorship and respect for ancestors, China18
7872984940Han DynastyChinese dynasty, Confucianism19
7872984941Chang'anCapital of ancient China20
7872984942Civil serviceService as a government official21
7872984943Examination systemA system of selecting officials using competitive written examinations based on Confucianism, required much education22
7872984944Silk roadAn ancient trade route between China and Europe, luxury items23
7872984945XiongnuA confederation of nomadic peoples living beyond the northwest frontier of ancient China24
7872984946MayansPowerful ancient civilization in Central America25
7872984947Tikalthe largest ancient Mayan city in the northern part of Guatemala26
7872984948City-statesDifferent sections of land owned by the same country but ruled by different rulers, often competitive amongst each other27
7872984949TeotihuacanFirst planned city in the Americas in the Valley of Mexico28
7872984950Mound BuildersNative American groups who built earthen mounds29
7872984951Apostles12 men Jesus had chosen to help him in his teaching30
7872984952DisciplesFollowers of Jesus31
7872984953Greek city statesCompeting, separate city states Athens and Sparta32
7872984954Ancient AthensCity-state in ancient Greece; associated with democracy33
7872984955Greco-Roman culturean ancient culture that developed from a blending of Greek, Hellenistic, and Roman cultures34
7873327829PericlesRuler of Athens who sought to spread democracy through imperial force35
7873327830Athenian DemocracyEvery citizen of Athens had part or played a role in Athenian government36
7873327831Hellenistic EraA time when Greek ideas spread to non-Greek people37
7873327832Alexander the GreatKing of Macedonia who conquered Greece, Egypt, and Persia, united Greece38
7873327833AlexandriaCity in Egypt founded by Alexander the Great, center of commerce and Hellenistic civilization39
7873327834Roman EmpireLarge empire Heavy usage of slavery Fell due to barbarian invasion, disease, lack of leadership, etc40
7873327835RepublicA form of government in which citizens choose their leaders by voting41
7873327836Ancient Romethe world's first republic42
7873327837ConstantinopleCapital of the Byzantine Empire (Eastern half of Roman Empire that did not collapse)43
7873327838Caesar AugustusRome's first emperor44
7873327839Attila the HunThe fierce leader of a barbarian tribe that was invading Rome45
7873327840Twelve TablesRome's first code of laws46
7873327841Pax RomanaRoman peace and prosperity47
7873327842ConstantineEmperor of Rome who adopted the Christian faith and stopped the persecution of Christians48
7873327843Mediterranean Sea LanesTrade routes that connected Europe, the Middle East, and North Africa49
7873327844Lateen sailsA triangular sail attached to a short mast, important for trade50
7873327845Dhow ShipsArab sailing vessels with triangular or lateen sails; strongly influenced European ship design51
7873327846SlaveryHeavy in Rome and Greece Not heavy in China or India52
7873327847HinduismFour castes, ritual/religious purity, major Indian religion53
7873327848ReincarnationHindu and Buddhist belief that souls are reborn into new bodies over and over54
7873327849Siddhartha GautamaFounder of Buddhism, Buddha55
7873327850Mauryan EmpireThe first centralized empire in India56
7873327851Gupta EmpireGolden Age of India; ruled through central government but allowed village power; restored Hinduism57
7873327852Ashokaa ruler of the Mauryan Empire who converted to Buddhism58
7873327853Ashoka's PillarsLaw codes throughout India based off Buddhism59
7873327854PatriarchyA form of social organization in which males dominate females60
7873327855caste systemsFour main castes, thousands of jati within, denounced by Buddhism and promoted by Hinduism61

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