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| 3395755287 | Buddhism | came to china over the silk roads. It is a religion that desires to eliminate all distracting passion and reach nirvana | 0 | |
| 3395755288 | Chan Buddhism | An influential branch of Buddhism in China, with an emphasis of intuition and sudden flashes of insight instead of textual study | 1 | |
| 3395755289 | Daoism | Chinese philosophy with origins in the Zhou dynasty; it is associated with legendary philosopher Laozi, and it called for a policy of noncompetition | 2 | |
| 3395756383 | Dunhuang | Oasis in modern western China that became a site of Buddhist missionary activity | 3 | |
| 3395757206 | Equal field system | Chinese system during the Tang dynasty in which the goal was to ensure an equitable distribution of land | 4 | |
| 3395758131 | Grand canal | One of the world's largest waterworks projects before modern times | 5 | |
| 3395759670 | Hangzhou | Capital of the Southern Song dyansty | 6 | |
| 3395759671 | Heian Japan | A brilliant cultural era notable for the world's first novel, Murasaki Shikibu's The Tale of Genji | 7 | |
| 3395760771 | Kamakura Period(1185-1333 CE) & Muromachi period(1336-1573 CE) | Japan decentralized political order in which provincial lords wielded effective power and authority in local regions where they controlled land and economic affairs | 8 | |
| 3395760772 | Li Bai | One of the most popular poets of the Tang era, famous for his commentary on Chinese social life | 9 | |
| 3395760773 | Mahayana Buddhism | The "greater vehicle" a more metaphysical and more popular northern branch of Buddhism | 10 | |
| 3395763812 | Nara Japan | Centered on the city of Nara, that was the highest point of Chinese Influence | 11 | |
| 3395764580 | Neo-Confucianism | Philosophy that attempted to merge certain basic elements of Confucian and Buddhist thought | 12 | |
| 3395764581 | Nirvana | Buddhist concept of a state of spiritual perfection and enlightenment in which distracting passions are eliminated | 13 | |
| 3395764582 | Porcelain | Lighter, thinner and adaptable | 14 | |
| 3395765541 | Samurai | A Japanese warrior | 15 | |
| 3395765542 | Shinto | It is defined as an action-centered religion, focused on ritual practices to be carried out diligently, to establish a connection between present-day Japan and its ancient past. | 16 | |
| 3395766489 | Shogun | Japanese military leader who ruled in place of the emperor | 17 | |
| 3395766490 | Silla dynasty | 18 | ||
| 3395767616 | Song dynasty | It was marked by an increasingly urbanized and cosmopolitan society | 19 | |
| 3395769820 | The Tale of Genji | Japanese literary works written during the Heian period by the aristocratic woman Murasaki Shikibu | 20 | |
| 3395769821 | Tang dynasty | An imperial dynasty of China preceded by the Sui dynasty | 21 | |
| 3395771231 | Tang Taizong | Chinese emperor of the Tang Dynasty | 22 | |
| 3395771232 | Uighurs | Turkish tribe | 23 | |
| 3395772041 | Wuwei | Daoist concept of a disengagement from the affairs of the world | 24 | |
| 3395772042 | Wu Zhao | Concubine of Emperor Tang Taizong, who seized imperial power for herself in 690 after Taizong became debilitated | 25 | |
| 3395772976 | Xuanzang | Seventh century Chinese monk who made a famous trip to India to collect Buddhist texts | 26 | |
| 3395773922 | Zhu Xi | Neo-Confucian Chinese philosipher | 27 | |
| 3395784094 | Abbasid dynasty | Cosmopolitan Arabic dynasty that replaced the Umayyads; founded by Abu al-Abbas and reached its peak under Harun al-Rashid | 28 | |
| 3395784095 | Abu-Bakr | First caliph after the death of Muhammad | 29 | |
| 3395784747 | Al-Andalus | Islamic Spain | 30 | |
| 3395784748 | Allah | G-d of the monotheistic religion of Islam | 31 | |
| 3395784749 | Bedouin | Nomadic Arabic tribespeople | 32 | |
| 3395785883 | Caliph | "Deputy," Islamic leader after the death of Muhammad | 33 | |
| 3395785884 | dar al-Islam | The "house of Islam," a term for the Islamic world | 34 | |
| 3395786720 | Five Pillars of Islam | The foundations of Islam: 1. Profession of faith 2. prayer 3. fasting during Ramadan 4. almsgiving 5. pilgrimage or hajj | 35 | |
| 3395787727 | hadith | a collection of traditions containing sayings of the prophet Muhammad that, with accounts of his daily practice (the Sunna), constitute the major source of guidance for Muslims apart from the Koran. | 36 | |
| 3395787728 | hajj | Pilgrimage to Mecca | 37 | |
| 3395788318 | hijra | Muhammad's migration from Mecca to Medina in 622, which is the beginning point of the Islamic calendar and is considered to mark the beginning of the Islamic faith | 38 | |
| 3395789697 | Islam | Monotheistic religion announced by the prophet Muhammad; influenced by Judaism and Christianity, Muhammad was considered the final prophet because the earlier religions had not seen the entire picture | 39 | |
| 3395789698 | jihad | a war or struggle against unbelievers. | 40 | |
| 3395789699 | jizya | Tax in Islamic empires that was imposed on non-Muslims | 41 | |
| 3395790510 | Ka'ba | main shrine in Mecca, goal of Muslims embarking on the hajj | 42 | |
| 3395790511 | madrasas | Islamic institutions of higher education that originated in the tenth century | 43 | |
| 3395791216 | Muhammad | Prophet of Islam | 44 | |
| 3395791217 | Muslim | A follower of Islam | 45 | |
| 3395791218 | qadis | Islamic Judge |  | 46 |
| 3395792908 | Quran | Islamic holy book that is believed to contain the divine revelations of Allah as presented to Muhammad | 47 | |
| 3395792909 | Rubaiyat | "Quatrains," famous poetry of Omar Khayyan that was later translated by Edward Fitzgerald | 48 | |
| 3395792910 | sakk | Letters of credit that were common in the medieval Islamic banking world | 49 | |
| 3395793767 | sharia | The Islamic holy law, drawn up by theologians form the Quran and accounts of Muhammad's life | 50 | |
| 3395793768 | Shia | Islamic minority in opposition to the Sunni majority; their belief is that leadership should reside in the line descended from Ali | 51 | |
| 3395793769 | Sufi | Islamic mystics who placed more emphasis on emotion and devotion than on strict adherence to rules |  | 52 |
| 3395793770 | Sunni | "Traditionalists," the most popular branch of Islam; Sunnis believe in the legitimacy of the early caliphs, compared with the Shiite belief that only a descendant of Ali can lead | 53 | |
| 3395794446 | ulama | Islamic officials, scholars who shaped public policy in accordance with the Quran and the Sharia | 54 | |
| 3395794447 | umma | Islamic term for the "community of the faithful" | 55 | |
| 3395794448 | Ummayad dynasty | Arabic dynasty, with its capital at Damascus, that was marked by a tremendous period of expansion to Spain in the west and India in the east |  | 56 |
| 3395795780 | Angkor | Southeast Asian Khmer kingdom that was centered on the temple cities of Angkor Thom and Angkor Wat |  | 57 |
| 3395795781 | Axum | African kingdom centered in Ethiopia that became an early and lasting center of Coptic Christianity |  | 58 |
| 3395795782 | bhakti movement | Indian movement that attempted to transcend the differences between Hinduism and Islam | 59 | |
| 3395796526 | caste system | class structure that is determined by birth. | 60 | |
| 3395796527 | Chola kingdom | Southern Indian Hindu kingdom, a tightly centralized state that dominated sea trade |  | 61 |
| 3395797315 | dhows | Indian, Persian, and Arab ships, one hundred to four hundred tons, that sailed and traded throughout the Indian Ocean basin |  | 62 |
| 3395797316 | emporia | a principal center of commerce; a market. | 63 | |
| 3395798216 | guru Kabir | A blind weaver who became the most important teacher in the Bhakti movement, which sought to harmonize Hinduism and Islam | 64 | |
| 3395798217 | Harsha | was an Indian emperor who ruled North India | 65 | |
| 3395799869 | Mahmud of Ghazni | 66 | ||
| 3395799870 | Majaphit | Southeast Asian kingdom centered on the island of Java | 67 | |
| 3395799871 | Melaka | Southeast Asian kingdom that was predominantly Islamic |  | 68 |
| 3395800650 | Ramanuja | Hindu theologian, philosopher, and scriptural exegete, | 69 | |
| 3395800651 | Shankara | a philosopher and theologian[5] from India who consolidated the doctrine of Advaita Vedanta.[1] He is credited with unifying and establishing the main currents of thought in Hinduism.[6][7][8] | 70 | |
| 3395801919 | Shiva | Hindu god associated with both fertility and destruction | 71 | |
| 3395802582 | Srivijaya | Southeast Asian kingdom, based on the island of Sumatra, that used a powerful navy to dominate trade | 72 | |
| 3395804999 | Vijayanagar kingdoms | Southern Indian kingdom that later fell to the Mughals | 73 | |
| 3395805000 | Vishnu | Hindu god, preserver of the world, who was often incarnated as Krishna | 74 | |
| 3395852623 | Aegean Sea | Sea located between the mainlands of modern Greece and Turkey | 75 | |
| 3395852735 | Byzantine Empire | Long-lasting empire centered at Constantinople; it grew out of the end of the Roman empire, carried the legacy of Roman greatness, and was the only classical society to survive into the early modern age; it reached its early peak during the reign of Justinian | 76 | |
| 3395854098 | Carolingian dynasty | Germanic dynasty that was named after its most famous member, Charlemagne | 77 | |
| 3395854099 | caesaropapism | Concept relating to the mixing of political and religious authority, as with the Roman emperors, that was central to the church-versus-state controversy in medieval Europe | 78 | |
| 3395855623 | Charlemagne | 79 | ||
| 3395855624 | Constantinople | 80 | ||
| 3395857080 | Corpus iuris civilis | Body of the Civil Law, the Byzantine emperor Justinian's attempt to codify all Roman law | 81 | |
| 3395857081 | Franks | 82 | ||
| 3395857082 | Greek fire | Devastating incendiary weapon used mainly at sea by Byzantine forces in the 7th and 8th CE | 83 | |
| 3395858074 | Hagia Sofia | Massive Christian church constructed by the Byzantine emperor Justinian and later converted into a mosque | 84 | |
| 3395858075 | iconoclasm | Destroying religious icons because their veneration was considered sinful | 85 | |
| 3395858076 | Justinian | 86 | ||
| 3395858935 | Louis the Pious | Only surviving son of Charlemagne, who held his father's empire together until his sons split it up after his death in 843 | 87 | |
| 3395858936 | Magyars | Hungarian invaders who raided towns in Germany, Italy, and France in the ninth and tenth century | 88 | |
| 3395858937 | missi dominici | "Envoys of the lord ruler," the noble and church emissaries sent out by Charlemagne | 89 | |
| 3395859563 | missionaries | 90 | ||
| 3395940967 | monasticism | 91 | ||
| 3395940968 | Odovacer | Germanic general who deposed Romulus Augustus in 476 CE, thus bringing about the end of the western Roman Empire | 92 | |
| 3395940969 | papacy | 93 | ||
| 3395941736 | Patriarch | Leader of the Greek Orthodox church, which in 1054 officially split with the Pope and the Roman Catholic church | 94 | |
| 3395941737 | Pope Gregory I | 95 | ||
| 3395942484 | schism | Mutual excommunication of the Roman Pope and Byzantine Patriarch in 1054 over ritual, doctrinal and political differences between the two Christian chruches | 96 | |
| 3395942485 | St. Basil | Byzantine Christian reformer who prepared regulations for monasteries emphasizing poverty, charity and chastity | 97 | |
| 3395943418 | St. Benedict | 98 | ||
| 3395943419 | St. Scholastica | 99 | ||
| 3395943420 | theme system | 100 | ||
| 3395944268 | Theodora | 101 | ||
| 3395944269 | Vikings | A group that raided the British Isles from their home at Vik in southern Norway | 102 | |
| 3395947277 | Chinggis Khan | 103 | ||
| 3395947278 | Ghaznavid Turks | Turkish tribe under Mahmud of Ghazni who moved into northern India in the eleventh century and began a period of greater Islamic influence in India | 104 | |
| 3395949290 | ilkhanate of Persia | Mongo state that ruled Persia after abolition of the Abbasid empire in the 13th century | 105 | |
| 3395949291 | Jurchen | 106 | ||
| 3395949292 | Karakorum | 107 | ||
| 3395950116 | khan | 108 | ||
| 3395950117 | khanate of Chaghatai | 109 | ||
| 3395951118 | Khanbaliq | 110 | ||
| 3395951119 | khans of the Golden Horde | 111 | ||
| 3395952541 | Khubilai Khan | 112 | ||
| 3395953322 | Khwarazm shah | Ruler of Afghanistan and Persia in 1218, when Chinggis Khan sought to trade with his realm. After Khwarazm shah murdered Chinggis Khan's envoys | 113 | |
| 3395953323 | kumiss | An alcoholic drink of the nomadic groups of Central Asia made of fermented mare's milk | 114 | |
| 3395953337 | Manichaeism | Religion founded by the prophet Mani in the third century , a syncretic version of Zoroastrian, Christian, and Buddhist elements | 115 | |
| 3395954597 | Mongols | 116 | ||
| 3395954598 | Osman | 117 | ||
| 3395954599 | Ottoman empire | Powerful Turkish empire that lasted from the conquest of Constantinople(Istanbul) in 1453 until 1918 and reached its peak during the reign of Süleyman the Magnificent | 118 | |
| 3395955513 | Seljuq Turks | 119 | ||
| 3395955514 | shamans | Religious specialists who possessed supernatural powers and who communicated with the gods and the spirits of nature | 120 | |
| 3395955515 | sultan | 121 | ||
| 3395956525 | Tamerlane | 122 | ||
| 3395958599 | Temüjin | Mongol conqueror who later took the name Chinggis Khan, "universal ruler" | 123 | |
| 3395958601 | Yuan dynasty | Chinese dynasty that was founded by the Mongo ruler | 124 | |
| 3395959798 | yurts | Tents used by nomadic Turkish and Mongol tribes | 125 | |
| 3395959799 | age grades | Bantu institution in which individuals of roughly the same age carried out communal tasks appropriate for that age | 126 | |
| 3395961198 | bananas | 127 | ||
| 3395961199 | Bantu peoples | African peoples who originally lived in the area of present day Nigeria; | 128 | |
| 3395961200 | Benin | 129 | ||
| 3395962322 | camels | 130 | ||
| 3395962323 | gold trade | 131 | ||
| 3395962324 | Great Zimbabwe | Large sub-Saharan African kingdom in the 15th century | 132 | |
| 3395963225 | griots | Professional singers, historian, and story-tellers in sub-Saharan Africa | 133 | |
| 3395963226 | Ife | 134 | ||
| 3395963227 | Islamic slave trade | 135 | ||
| 3395964450 | Jenne-jeno | Settlement in the middle Niger River region in Africa that flourished from the 4th to the 8th centuries. Known for Iron production | 136 | |
| 3395964451 | Kebra Negast | 137 | ||
| 3395964452 | Kilwa | 138 | ||
| 3395965730 | kin-based societies | 139 | ||
| 3395965731 | kingdom of Ghana | 140 | ||
| 3395966606 | kingdom of Kongo | Central African state that began trading with the Portuguese around 1500 | 141 | |
| 3395966607 | Koumbi-Saleh | Important trading city along the trans-Saharan trade route from the 11th century to the 13th century | 142 | |
| 3395968275 | Mali empire | West African kingdom founded in the 13th century by Sundiata; it reached its peak during the reign of Mansa Masu | 143 | |
| 3395968276 | Mansa Musa | 144 | ||
| 3395968277 | Sundiata | Founder of the Mali empire, also the inspiration for the Sundiata, an African literary and mythological work | 145 | |
| 3395969310 | Swahili | East African city-state society that dominated the coast from Mogadishu to Kilwa and was active in trade. Also a Bantu language of East Africa, or a member of a group who speaks this language | 146 | |
| 3395969311 | Timbuktu | 147 | ||
| 3395969320 | trans-Saharan trade | 148 | ||
| 3395970430 | Zanj revolt | 149 | ||
| 3395970431 | Zimbabwe | Former colony of southern Rhodesia that gained independence in 1980 | 150 | |
| 3395971820 | battle of Manzikert | 151 | ||
| 3395971821 | Bogomils | Bulgarian group active in the 10th and 11th centuries that believed in rejecting the material world and extreme asceticism | 152 | |
| 3395971822 | Capetian | Early French dynasty that started with Hugh Capet | 153 | |
| 3395971823 | Cathars | medieval heretics, also known as the Albigensian, who considered the material world evil; their followers renounced wealth and marriage and promoted an ascetic existence | 154 | |
| 3395972911 | cathedral schools | 155 | ||
| 3395972912 | chivalry | European medieval code of conduct for knights based on loyalty and honor | 156 | |
| 3395972913 | crusades | 157 | ||
| 3395973584 | Dominicans | An order of mendicants founded by St. Dominic whose purpose was to live in poverty and serve the religious needs of their communities | 158 | |
| 3395973585 | Eleanor of Aquitaine | Aristocratic woman from the city of Poitiers, modern France, who supported poets and entertainers known as troubadours | 159 | |
| 3395974588 | Franciscans | An order of mendicants founded by St. Francis whose purpose was to live in poverty and serve the religious needs of their communities | 160 | |
| 3395974589 | Frederick Barabossa | Medieval emperor with lands in modern southern Germany who tried and failed to conquer Lombardy in modern Italy | 161 | |
| 3395975380 | guilds | 162 | ||
| 3395975381 | Hanseatic League | 163 | ||
| 3395975382 | Holy Roman Empire | 164 | ||
| 3395976795 | Investiture Contest | One aspect of the medieval European church-versus-state controversy, the granting of church officials | 165 | |
| 3395976796 | Marco Polo | Italian merchant whose account of his travels to China and other lands became legendary | 166 | |
| 3395976809 | Normans | 167 | ||
| 3395977706 | Otto I | 168 | ||
| 3395977707 | pilgrimages | 169 | ||
| 3395977708 | Pope Urban II | 170 | ||
| 3395978686 | relics | Physical remains of saints or religious figures assembled by churches for veneration | 171 | |
| 3395978687 | reconquista | Crusade, ending in 1492, to drive the Islamic forces out of Spain | 172 | |
| 3395978694 | Saladin | Muslim leader and crusader who recaptures Jerusalem from the Christians | 173 | |
| 3395979721 | scholasticism | Medieval attempt of thinkers such as St. Thomas Aquinas to merge the beliefs of Christianity with the logical rigor of greek philosophy | 174 | |
| 3395979722 | St. Thomas Aquinas | 175 | ||
| 3395980738 | three estates | The three classes of European society, composed of the clergy #1, the aristocrats #2 and the common people #3 | 176 | |
| 3395980739 | troubadors | A class of traveling poets and entertainers enthusiastically patronized by Medieval aristocratic women in modern southern France and northern Italy | 177 | |
| 3395981641 | William the Conqueror | 178 | ||
| 3395982623 | aboriginal peoples | 179 | ||
| 3395982624 | ali'i nui | Hawaiian class of high chiefs | 180 | |
| 3395982625 | ayllu | 181 | ||
| 3395983601 | Aztec empire | Central American empire constructed by the Mexica and expanded greatly during the 15th century during he reigns of Itzcoatl and Motecuzoma I | 182 | |
| 3395983602 | calpulli | 183 | ||
| 3395984332 | chinampa | Agricultural gardens used by Mexica (Aztecs) in which fertile muck from lake bottoms was dredged and built up into small plots | 184 | |
| 3395984333 | Chimu | Pre-Incan South American society that fell to Incas in the 15th century | 185 | |
| 3395985600 | Chucuito | Pre-Incan South American society that rose in the 12th century and fell to the Incas in the 15th century | 186 | |
| 3395985601 | Cuzco | 187 | ||
| 3395987011 | Huitzilopochtli | Sun god and patron deity of the Aztecs | 188 | |
| 3395987012 | Inca empire | Powerful South American empire that would reach its | 189 | |
| 3395987013 | Inti | 190 | ||
| 3395987621 | Iroquois | Eastern American Indian confederation made up of the Mohawk, Oneida, Onondaga, Cayuga, and Seneca tribes | 191 | |
| 3395987622 | Itzóatl | 192 | ||
| 3395988358 | kapu | Hawaiian concept of something being taboo | 193 | |
| 3395988359 | Maori | Indigenous people of New Zealand | 194 | |
| 3395988360 | marae | Polynesian temple structure | 195 | |
| 3395988361 | Mexica | 196 | ||
| 3395989611 | Motecuzoma I | 197 | ||
| 3395990985 | Nan Madol | 198 | ||
| 3395990986 | Navajo | 199 | ||
| 3395992281 | Polynesians | 200 | ||
| 3395992282 | Pueblo | 201 | ||
| 3395992283 | Quecha | 202 | ||
| 3395994251 | Quetzalcóatl | Aztec god, the "feathered serpent," who was borrowed originally from the Toltecs; Quetzalcoatl was believed to have been defeated by another god and exiled, and he promised to return | 203 | |
| 3396032989 | quipu | Incan mnemonic aid comprised of different-colored strings and knots that served to record events in the absence of a written text | 204 | |
| 3396059110 | Tenochtitlan | Capital of the Aztec Empire, later Mexico city | 205 | |
| 3396059111 | Teotihuacan | Central American society; its Pyramid of the Sun was the largest structure in Mesoamerica | 206 | |
| 3396060659 | Tezcatlipoca | 207 | ||
| 3396060660 | Toltecs | Central American society that was centered on the city of Tula | 208 | |
| 3396060661 | Tula | Original region of the Toltec people, located to the northwest of modern Mexico city | 209 | |
| 3396060662 | Viracocha | 210 |
