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AP World History Unit 4 Flashcards

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6721360194humanismthe focus on human endeavors0
6721362986Johannes Gutenbergwho invented the printing press?1
6721363853Erasmusmost well known learned men of the time, counseled kings and popes, wrote "In Praise of Folly"2
6721368303Sir Thomas Moorewrote Utopia, described ideal society3
6721369825Protestant Reformationconfrontation with the Catholic Church4
6721372132indulgencessold by the Catholic; piece of paper that could be purchased to reduce time in purgatory5
6721388013John Calvinwho formed the protestant group called the Calvinists?6
6721388014King Henry VIIIrenounced Rome and became head of religion in England, called the Anglican Church7
6721388015Catholic Reformation/ Counter ReformationCatholic Church reformed because of Protestants8
6721392083Ignatius Loyolawho founded the Jesuits, was a Spanish soldier9
6721393653Council of Trentmeeting of church officials held to direct counter reformation from 1545-156310
6721397082atheiststhis group believes that there is no God11
6721398537the Enlightenmenttime of examining role of humans in relation to government12
6721403436Montesquieubelieved government should have checks and balances13
6721404653Voltairebelieved religion crushes the human spirit14
6721406298Rousseaubelieved people had to sacrifice some rights for freedom15
6721408105Thomas Hobbesbelieved the purpose of government was to preserve peace and stability16
6721410723John Lockebelieved people are born equal with natural rights17
6721413198Neoclassical Periodtime when people imitated style of Greek and Roman architecture18
6721417033Vasco da Gamaexplorer that rounded the tip of Africa and went to India19
6721420787Treaty of Tordesillasdivided the America's into east and west to settle land disputes between Spain and Portugal20
6721581300haciendas systemsystem where natives owed labor to their landlords21
6721584319Hernan Cortesexplorer that conquered the Aztec empire22
6721588402Franciso Pizarroexplorer that conquered the Inca empire23
6721594062encomienda systemsystem of forced labor24
6721600214mercantilisma country actively sought to trade but tried to import more than it exported25
6721604156Act of SupremacyKing Henry VIII nullified pope's authority and established the church of England under this act26
6721608910Elizabethan Agetime of English expansion, exploration, and colonization27
6721611517Stuart restorationParliament had Charles II take the throne after Charles I was beheaded28
6721613404Glorious RevolutionJames II driven from power because they believed he would make England Catholic again29
6721617130Huguenotsa group of French Protestants30
6721618307Edict of Nantessigned by Henry IV to end the violence in France between the Catholics and the Huguenots31
6721621241Thirty Years WarProtestants challenged Holy Roman Emperor, was a huge religious and political war32
6721625015Peter the Greatwesternized Russia, built St. Petersburg33
6721626132Catherine the Greatadopted more education and western culture in Russia34
6721628248Osman Beyfounded the Ottoman Empire that rose in Anatolia35
6721629786Mughal Empireestablished by Babur, dominated the Indian subcontinent36
6721633697AkbarMughal leader that unified India by religious tolerance37
6721634942Kongoon the west coast of Africa, traded with Portugal, King Alfonso I converted the people to Catholicism38
6721637408Angolaestablished as a trading post by the Portuguese, ruled by Queen Nzinga--> warrior queen39
6721641591Zheng Heled the Chinese naval voyages under the Ming40

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