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Ap world history vocab review Flashcards

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9637359211CuneiformFirst known human writing0
9637370755MesopotamiaFirst human civilization1
9637385956SocratesPrinciple of rational inquiry by means of skeptical questioning2
9637393774EffervescenceVivacity and enthusiasm3
9637397097MillenniumA period of a thousand years4
9637407466KautayalaBook on how to govern a government(India)5
9637416004LegalismStrict, literal, or excessive conformity to the law, to a religious or moral code6
9637420426DaoismBelief in Chinese traditions of nature's harmony and nature's mystery7
9637441739RenHumanity8
9637441740LiRespect for others9
9637444265Filial PietyReverence to Family10
9637451762Chang'anThe capital of the Han empire11
9637462744Abu BakarFirst caliph12
9637466852MuhammadFounder of Islam13
9637470123BaghdadCapital of Abbasid Empire14
9637472470WazirChief administrative official under the Abbasid caliphate15
9637480322AyanThe wealthy landed elite that emerged in the early decades of the Abbasid rule16
9637494237ConstantinopleCapital of the Byzantine empire17
9637501871BelisariusOne of the Justinians most important military commanders during period of reconquest of Western Europe18
9637508102Greek FireWeapon consisting of a mixture of chemicals that ignited when exposed to water;used to drive back Arab fleet attacks19
9637519869IconIs an artistic representation, usually of a religious figure20
9637523654The SchismDisagreement led to the formal split of the church into the Roman Catholic Church and Eastern Orthodoxy21
9637542021SerfsPeasant agricultural laborers within the manorial system of the Middle Ages22
9637549897MoldboardHealthy plow introduced in Northern Europe during the Middle Ages23
9637554439Three-Field SystemSystem of agricultural cultivation by the 9th century in Western Europe24
9637562386AristocratsPowerful independent voice25
9637564646ClovisEarly Frankish King; converted Franks after 8th century to Christianity c.49626
9637574594Middle AgesMedieval ; the period in Western European history from the decline and fall of the Roman Empire until the 15th century27
9637581696ManorialismEconomic/political relation between lord and peasants28
9637603235VikingsSeagoing Scandinavian raiders from Sweden, Denmark, and Norway who disrupted coastal areas of Western Europe from the 8th to 11th centuries29
9637624157House of lordsNobles30
9637624158House of commonsWealthy businessmen31
9637632290Magna CartaGreat charter the Nobles forced King John in 1215 to sign rights32
9637655995ParliamentsBodies representing privileged groups33
9637663901Three estatesThe 3 social groups considered most powerful in Western countries: Church, nobles and urban leaders34
9637675825Hundred Years WarConflict between England and France from 1337-1453; fought over lands England possessed in France and feudal rights versus the emerging claims of national states.35
9637687358Pope Urban IICalled first crusade in 1095; appealed to Christians to mount military assault to free the Holy land from the Muslims.36
9637700451Gregory VIIPope during the 11th century who attempted to free church from interference of feudal lords37
9637707733InvestuturePractice of state appointment of bishops38
9637717423Thomas AquinasCreator of one the great syntheses of medieval learning taught at the University of Paris; believed faith came first39
9637735728ScholasticismDominant medieval philosophical approach40
9637740502GothicAn architectural style developed during the Middle Ages in Western Europe41
9637753895VernacularsLiterature in the spoken languages of Western Europe42
9637762142Hanseatic LeagueAn organization of cities in Northern Germany and Southern Scandinavia for the purpose of establishing a commercial alliance43
9637770218GuildsSworn associations of people in the same business or craft in a single city44
9637777560TorahJewish Bible45
9637782831Yangdi2nd member of Sui dynasty; restored Confucian examination system46
9637791146Li YuanFirst employer of the Tang Dynasty; minister for Yangdi47
9637801978Ministry of RitesAdministered examinations to students from Chinese governments schools or those recommended by distinguished scholars48
9637819715JinshiTitle granted to students who passed the most difficult Chinese examinations on all Chinese literature49
9637825390Pure land BuddhismEmphasized Salvationist aspects of Chinese Buddhism50
9637830079Chan BuddhismKnown as Zen in Japan; stressed meditation and appreciation of natural and artistic beauty51
9637835813Zen BuddhismKnown as Chan Buddhism52
9637839380Emperess WuTang ruler(690-705CE) in China53
9637847252Emperor WuzongChinese emperor of Tang Dynasty who openly persecuted Buddhism by destroying monasteries in 840s54
9637861361Zhao KuangyinFounder of the Song Dynasty55
9637864048Liao DynastyFounded in 907 by nomadic Khitan people's from manchuria56
9637869156KhitongNomadic people's of Manchuria57
9637873413Zhu XiMost prominent of neo-Confucian scholars during the Song Dynasty in China(1130-1200)58
9637883267Neo ConfuciansRevived ancient Confucian teachings59
9637887819TangutRulers of Xi Xia kingdom of NW China ; conquered by Mongols in 122660
9637898870Xi XiaKingdom of Tangut people ; collected tribute that drained Song resources and burdened Chinese peasentry61
9637907777Wang AnshiConfucian scholar and chief minister of a Song emperor in the 1070s62
9637919389JurchensFounder of the Qin Kingdom that succceded the Liao in N China63
9637925518JinKingdom north of the Song empire64
9637927918Southern SongRump state of Song Dynasty from 1127-127965
9637939425Grand canal7th century under the Sui empire; built to link north China plain with the Yangtze River basin to the south66
9637952288Chinese junksChinese ships equipped with watertight bulkheads, sternpost rudders, compasses, and bamboo fenders67
9637964734Flying moneyChinese credit instrument that provided credit vouchers to merchants to be redeemed at the end of the voyage68
9637974435FootbindingPractice in Chinese society to mutilate women's feet in order to make them smaller69
9637983869Li BoBlended images of the mudane world with philosophical musings70
9637999267Taika ReformsIn japan, copying of Chinese administration71
9638005788Gempei WarsPeasants vs Samurai72
9638009860BushiWarrior leaders73
9638025887KhaganTitle of the supreme ruler of Mongol tribes74
9638039330TumensBasic fighting units of the Mongol forces; 1000 men75
9638047876BatuRuler of the "Golden Horde"76
9638063060Khanates4 regional mongol kingdoms that arose77
9638069483Mattel of KulikovaRussian army victory over the forces of the Golden Horde78
9638073746BaibarsCommander of Mamluk forces of Ain Jalut in 126079
9638101539Stateless societiesAfrican societies organized around kinship or other forms of obligation and lacking the concentration of political power and authority associated with states80
963811441481
9638120571Muhammad the GreatExtended the boundaries of the Songhay empire; Islamic ruler of the mid 16th century82
9638135887HausaFormed states following the demise of songhay empire that combined Muslim and pagan traditions83
9638154202SundiataThe "Lion Prince" created unified Mali84
9638163627TimbuktuPort city of Mali85
9638173966IndianMisnomer created by colombus referring to the indigenous peoples of the New world86
9638181642Toltec cultureSucceeded Teotihuacan culture in central Mexico87
9638190370TenochtitlanFounded about 1325; became center of Aztec Power88
9638207083ChinampasBeds of aquatic weeds, mud, earth placed in frames of cane and rooted in lakes to create "floating islands"89
9638216197PochtecaSpecial merchant class(Aztecs)90
9638237677MitaLand extracted for lands assigned to the state and the religion91
9638246371HumanismAn intellectual movement that focused on human potential and achievements92
9638251931Leonardo da VinciA painter, sculptor, inventor, and scientist made him a true "Renaissance Man"93
9638269141Albrecht DürerRealism artist94
9638273169Johann GutenburgDeveloped new printing press; printed the gutenburg bible95
9638276214William ShakespeareRenaissance play writer; wrote Macbeth, Romeo & Juliet, Hamlet, etc96
9638286200PetrarchWrote poems97
9638300474Martin LutherBecame a Christian monk of the Univeristy of Wittenberg in the German state of saxony98
9638307662IndulgenceA pardon99
9638310574ReformationA movement for religious reform led to the founding of Christian churches that did no accept the popes authority100
9638324684ProtestantChristians who belonged to non-catholic churches101
9638328250Peace of AugsburgAgreement that each ruler would decide the religion of his state was agreed on102
9638347534PredestinationSaid that GOD has known from the beginning who would be saved (Calvinism beliefs)103

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