Terms : Hide Images
| 5163863459 | African Diaspora | Name given to the spread of African peoples across the Atlantic via the slave trade. | 0 | |
| 5163863460 | Akbar | The most famous emperor of India's Mughal Empire (r. 1556-1605); his policies are noted for their efforts at religious tolerance and inclusion. | 1 | |
| 5163863461 | Aurangzeb | Mughal emperor (r. 1658-1707) who reversed his predecessors' policies of religious tolerance and attempted to impose Islamic supremacy. | 2 | |
| 5163863462 | Benin | West African kingdom (in what is now Nigeria) whose strong kings sharply limited engagement with the slave trade. | 3 | |
| 5163863463 | Bhakti | Hindu devotional movement that flourished in the early modern era, emphasizing music, dance, poetry, and rituals as means by which to achieve direct union with the divine. | 4 | |
| 5163863464 | cartaz | A pass that the Portuguese required of all merchant vessels attempting to trade in the Indian Ocean. | 5 | |
| 5163863465 | Catholic Counter-Reformation | An internal reform of the Catholic Church in the sixteenth century; thanks especially to the work of the Council of Trent (1545-1563), Catholic leaders clarified doctrine, corrected abuses and corruption, and put a new emphasis on education and accountability. | 6 | |
| 5163863466 | Columbian exchange | The massive transatlantic interaction and exchange between the Americas and Afro-Eurasia that began in the period of European exploration and colonization. | 7 | |
| 5163863467 | conquistadores | Spanish conquerors of the Native American lands, most notably the Aztec and Inca empires. | 8 | |
| 5163863468 | Council of Trent | The main instrument of the Catholic Counter- Reformation (1545-1563), at which the Catholic Church clarified doctrine and corrected abuses | 9 | |
| 5163863469 | creoles | Spaniards born in the Americas. | 10 | |
| 5163863470 | Dahomey | West African kingdom that became strong through its rulers' exploitation of the slave trade. | 11 | |
| 5163863471 | Daimyo | Feudal lords of Japan who ruled with virtual independence thanks to their bands of samurai warriors. | 12 | |
| 5163863472 | Darwin, Charles | Highly influential English biologist (1809-1882) whose theory of natural selection continues to be seen by many as a threat to revealed religious truth. | 13 | |
| 5163863473 | deism | Belief in a divine being who created the cosmos but who does not intervene directly in human affairs. | 14 | |
| 5163863474 | devshirme | The tribute of boy children that the Ottoman Turks levied from their Christian subjects in the Balkans; the Ottomans raised the boys for service in the civil administration or in the elite Janissary infantry corps. | 15 | |
| 5163863475 | Edict of Nantes | Issued by French king Henry IV that granted considerable religious toleration to French Protestants and ended the French Wars of Religion. | 16 | |
| 5163863476 | European Enlightenment | European intellectual movement of the eighteenth century that applied the lessons of the Scientific Revolution to human affairs and was noted for its commitment to open-mindedness and inquiry and the belief that knowledge could transform human society. | 17 | |
| 5163863477 | Freud, Sigmund | Austrian doctor and the father of modern psychoanalysis (1856-1939); his theories about the operation of the human mind and emotions remain influential today | 18 | |
| 5163863478 | Galilei, Galileo | Italian astronomer (1564-1642) who further developed the ideas of Copernicus and whose work was eventually suppressed by the Catholic Church. | 19 | |
| 5163863479 | Huguenots | The Protestant minority in France. | 20 | |
| 5163863480 | Jesuits in China | Series of missionaries in the late sixteenth and seventeenth centuries who, inspired by the work of Matteo Ricci, made extraordinary efforts to understand and become a part of Chinese culture in their efforts to convert the Chinese elite, although with limited success. | 21 | |
| 5163863481 | Little Ice Age | A period of cooling temperatures and harsh winters that lasted for much of the early modern era. | 22 | |
| 5163863482 | Luther, Martin | German priest and theologian (1483-1546) who inaugurated the Protestant Reformation movement in Europe | 23 | |
| 5163863483 | Manila | Capital of the Spanish Philippines and a major multicultural trade city that already had a population of more than 40,000 by 1600. | 24 | |
| 5163863484 | Marx, Karl | German philosopher (1818-1883) whose view of human history as a class struggle formed the basis of socialism. | 25 | |
| 5163863485 | mestizo | Literally, "mixed"; a term used to describe the mixed-race population of Spanish colonial societies in the Americas. | 26 | |
| 5163863486 | Middle Passage | Name commonly given to the journey across the Atlantic undertaken by African slaves being shipped to the Americas. | 27 | |
| 5163863487 | Mulattoes | Term commonly used for people of mixed African and European blood. | 28 | |
| 5163863488 | Ninety-five Theses | List of debating points about the abuses of the Church, posted by Martin Luther on the door of a church in Wittenberg in 1517; the Church's strong reaction eventually drove Luther to separate from Catholic Christianity. | 29 | |
| 5163863489 | peninsulares | In the Spanish colonies of Latin America, the term used to refer to people who had been born in Spain; they claimed superiority over Spaniards born in the Americas. | 30 | |
| 5163863490 | Protestant Reformation | Massive schism within Christianity that had its formal beginning in 1517 with the German priest Martin Luther; while the leaders of the movement claimed that they sought to "reform" a Church that had fallen from biblical practice, in reality the movement was radically innovative in its challenge to Church authority and its endorsement of salvation "by faith alone." | 31 | |
| 5163863491 | Scientific Revolution | Great European intellectual and cultural transformation that was based on the principles of the scientific method. | 32 | |
| 5163863492 | settler colonies | Areas in which colonizing people settled in large numbers, rather than simply spending relatively small numbers to exploit the region; particularly noteworthy in the case of North America. | 33 | |
| 5163863493 | shogun | In Japan, a supreme military commander. | 34 | |
| 5163863494 | Sikhism | Religious tradition of northern India founded by Guru Nanak ca. 1500; combines elements of Hinduism and Islam and proclaims the brotherhood of all humans and the equality of men and women. | 35 | |
| 5163863495 | silver drain | Term often used to describe the siphoning of money from Europe to pay for the luxury products of the East, a process exacerbated by the fact that Europe had few trade goods that were desirable in Eastern markets | 36 | |
| 5163863496 | soft gold | Nickname used in the early modern period for animal furs, highly valued for their warmth and as symbols of elite status; in several regions, the fur trade generated massive wealth for those engaged in it | 37 | |
| 5163863497 | Thirty Years' War | Highly destructive war that eventually included most of Europe; fought for the most part between Protestants and Catholics, the conflict ended with the Peace of Westphalia | 38 | |
| 5163863498 | trading post empire | Form of imperial dominance based on control of trade rather than on control of subject peoples. | 39 | |
| 5163863499 | Voltaire | Pen name of the French philosopher François-Marie Arouet (1694-1778), whose work is often taken as a model of Enlightenment questioning of traditional values and attitudes; noted for his deism and his criticism of traditional religion. | 40 | |
| 5163863500 | Wahhabi Islam | Major Islamic movement led by the Muslim theologian Abd al-Wahhab (1703-1792) that advocated an austere lifestyle and strict adherence to the sharia (Islamic law). | 41 | |
| 5163863501 | yasak | Tribute that Russian rulers demanded from the native peoples of Siberia, most often in the form of furs. | 42 |
