Terms : Hide Images
| 4837537880 | Troposphere | A layer of the atmosphere closest to the surface of Earth, extending up to approximately 16 km. |  | 0 |
| 4837552221 | Stratosphere | The layer above the troposphere, extending roughly 16-50 km above the surface of the earth. |  | 1 |
| 4837554368 | Albedo | The percentage of incoming sunlight reflected from a surface. |  | 2 |
| 4837559740 | Saturation point | The maximum amount of water vapor in the air at a given temperature. |  | 3 |
| 4837584212 | Adiabatic cooling | The cooling effect of reduced pressure on air as it rises higher in the atmosphere and expands. |  | 4 |
| 4837614140 | Adiabatic heating | The heating effect of increased pressure on air as it sinks toward the surface of earth and decreases in volume. |  | 5 |
| 4837616589 | Latent heat release | The release of energy when water in the atmosphere condenses into liquid water. |  | 6 |
| 4837656518 | Atmospheric convection current | Global patterns of air movement that are initiated by the unequal heating of earth. |  | 7 |
| 4837659324 | Hadley cell | A convection current in the atmosphere that cycles between the equator and 30 N and 30 S. |  | 8 |
| 4837790077 | Intertropical Convergence zone (ITCZ) | The latitude that receives the most intense sunlight, which cause the ascending branches of the two Hadley cells to converge. |  | 9 |
| 4837807258 | Polar cell | A convection current in the atmosphere, formed by air that rises at 60 N and 60 S and sinks at the poles, 90 N and 90 S. |  | 10 |
| 4837818347 | Ferrell cell | A convection current in the atmosphere that lies between Hadley cells and polar cells. |  | 11 |
| 4837823831 | Coriolis effect | The deflection of an object's path due to the rotation of earth. |  | 12 |
| 4837849924 | Rain shadow | A region with dry conditions found on the leeward side of a mountain range as a result of humid winds from the ocean causing precipitation on the windward side. |  | 13 |
| 4837852784 | Gyre | A large scale pattern of water circulation that moves clockwise in the Northern Hemisphere counterclockwise in the Southern Hemisphere. |  | 14 |
| 4837855243 | Upwelling | The upward movement of ocean water toward the surface as a result of divergent currents. |  | 15 |
| 4837857485 | Thermohaline circulation | An oceanic circulation pattern that drives the mixing of surface water and deep water. |  | 16 |
| 4837860317 | El Nino-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) | A reversal of wind and water current in the South Pacific. |  | 17 |
| 4837862165 | Terrestrial Biome | A geographic region categorized by a particular combination of average annual temperature, annual precipitation, and distinctive plant growth forms on land. |  | 18 |
| 4837865681 | Aquatic biome | An aquatic region characterized by a particular combination of salinity, depth, and water flow. |  | 19 |
| 4837870935 | Tundra | A cold and treeless biome with low-growing vegetation. |  | 20 |
| 4837871966 | Permafrost | An impermeable, permanently frozen layer of soil. |  | 21 |
| 4837873255 | Boreal forest | A forest biome made up primarily of coniferous evergreen trees that can tolerate cold winters and short growing seasons. |  | 22 |
| 4837878659 | Temperate rainforest | A coastal biome typified by moderate temperatures and high precipitation. |  | 23 |
| 4837889555 | Temperate seasonal forest | A biome with warm summers and cold winters with over 1 meter of precipitation annually. |  | 24 |
| 4837891473 | Woodland/shrubland | A biome characterized by hot, dry summers and mild, rainy winters. |  | 25 |
| 4837899958 | Temperate grassland/cold desert | A biome characterized by cold, harsh winters, and hot, dry summers. |  | 26 |
| 4837901232 | Tropical rainforest | A warm and wet biome found between 20 N and 20 S of the equator, with little seasonal temperature variation and high precipitation. |  | 27 |
| 4837951028 | Tropical seasonal forest/savanna | A biome marked by warm temperature and distinct wet and dry seasons. |  | 28 |
| 4837952536 | Subtropical desert | A biome prevailing at approximately 30 N and 30 S, with hot temperatures, extremely dry conditions, and sparce vegetation. |  | 29 |
| 4837955747 | Littoral zone | The shallow zone of soil and water in lakes and ponds where most algae and emergent plants grow. |  | 30 |
| 4837958303 | Limnetic zone | A zone of open water in lakes and ponds. |  | 31 |
| 4837959581 | Phytoplankton | Floating algae. |  | 32 |
| 4837960631 | Profundal zone | A region of water where sunlight does not reach, below the limnetic zone in very deep lakes. |  | 33 |
| 4837962320 | Benthic zone | The muddy bottom of a lake, pond, or ocean. |  | 34 |
| 4837963104 | Oligotrophic | Describes a lake with a low level of productivity. |  | 35 |
| 4837964529 | Mesotrophic | Describes a lake with a moderate level of productivity. |  | 36 |
| 4837965358 | Eutrophic | Describes a lake with a high level of productivity. | | 37 |
| 4837971341 | Freshwater wetlands | An aquatic biome that is submerged or saturated by water for at least part of each year, but shallow enough to support emergent vegetation. |  | 38 |
| 4837974394 | Salt marsh | A marsh containing nonwoody emergent vegetation, found along the coast in temperate climates. |  | 39 |
| 4837977448 | Mangrove swamp | A swamp that occurs along tropical and subtropical coasts, and contains salt tolerant trees with roots submerged in water. |  | 40 |
| 4837981898 | Intertidal zone | The narrow band of coastline between the levels of high tide and low tide. |  | 41 |
| 4837982911 | Coral reef | The most diverse marine biome on Earth, found in warm, shallow water beyond he shoreline. |  | 42 |
| 4837984856 | Coral bleaching | A phenomenon in which algae inside corals die, causing the corals to turn white. |  | 43 |
| 4837989288 | Open season | Deep ocean water, located away from the shoreline where sunlight can no longer reach the ocean bottom. |  | 44 |
| 4837990949 | Photic zone | The upper layer of ocean water in the ocean that receives enough sunlight for photosynthesis. |  | 45 |
| 4837992895 | Aphotic zone | The deeper layer of ocean water that lacks sufficient sunlight for photosynthesis. |  | 46 |
| 4838001027 | Chemosynthesis | A process used by some bacteria in the ocean to generate energy with methane and hydrogen sulfide. |  | 47 |
