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| 9762734625 | units of time from largest to smallest | eon, era, periods, epochs, stages | 0 | |
| 9762740636 | strata | rock layers | 1 | |
| 9762747993 | principle of superposition | any given layer is probably older than the those above it and youner than those below it | 2 | |
| 9762767006 | when did prokaryotes form | 3.5 billion years ago | 3 | |
| 9762774028 | when did eukaryotes form | 1.5 billion years ago | 4 | |
| 9762805013 | earth is divided into 3 sections | biosphere, hydrosphere, internal structure | 5 | |
| 9772590949 | albedo | reflectivity, ocean water has low, landmasses have moderate, snow and ice has high | 6 | |
| 9772610142 | altitude | every 1,000 feet there is a 3 degrees drop | 7 | |
| 9772624734 | ozone | produced in the production of photochemical smog, and by UV radiation and lighting. in stratosphere | 8 | |
| 9772649174 | atmosphere layers from bottom to top | troposphere, tropopause, stratosphere, stratopause, mesosphere, mesopause, thermosphere | 9 | |
| 9772672052 | troposphere | right above surface, 75% of atmospheres mass, temperature decreases going up, where weather occurs | 10 | |
| 9772689332 | stratosphere | temperature increases due to absorption of UV radiation, ozone | 11 | |
| 9772703447 | mesosphere | temperature decreases, coldest layer, meteors burn up in this layer | 12 | |
| 9772726365 | thermosphere | temperature increases due to gamma rays, x-rays, and UV radiation, molecules are converted into ions, results in Aurora Borealis and Aurora Australis | 13 | |
| 9772764989 | Consumption of carbon | results in cooling, carbonate rock weathering, silicate rock weathering | 14 | |
| 9772774973 | production of carbon | results in heating, carbon formation in oceans, metamorphic breakdown of carbonate | 15 | |
| 9772813146 | two main parts of the crust | basalt-rich oceanic crust and granite-rich continental crust | 16 | |
| 9772838509 | continental crust | less dense, stratified and becomes denser with depth, composed of volcanic, sedimentary, and granite-type rocks, older areas dominated by metamorphic rock | 17 | |
| 9772881819 | oceanic crust | basaltic rock overlain by sediments, thinner, denser, younger, and has different chemical composition | 18 | |
| 9772905277 | mantle | most of earths mass, iron, magnesium, aluminum, and silicon-oxygen compounds, over 1800 degrees, upper third is asthenosphere | 19 | |
| 9772924287 | lithosphere | solid, outer part of earth, includes the brittle upper portion of the mantle and the crust, always moving, broken into tectonic plates | 20 | |
| 9772966093 | core | mostly iron, outer core is molten, inner core under such extreme pressure that it remains solid | 21 | |
| 9773009327 | Alfred Wegener | in 1915 he proposed that all present day continents came originally from one landmass | 22 | |
| 9773030807 | subduction zones | areas on earth where two tectonic plates meet and move toward each other with one sliding underneath the other and moving down the mantle | 23 | |
| 9773054573 | types of boundaries | transform, divergent, convergent | 24 |
