331698030 | Economics | the branch of social science that deals with the production and distribution and consumption of goods and services and their management | |
331698031 | Genuine Progress Indicator | An economic indicator that attempts to differentiate between desirable and undesirable economic activity | |
331698032 | Technology Transfer | The communication of specific plans, designs, or educational programs necessary for the use of new technologies from one society or class to another. | |
331698033 | Leapfrogging | involves developing nations bypassing earlier technologies, enabling those nations to adopt more advanced technologies | |
331698034 | Microlending | Small loans made to the individual farmers and merchants who would not otherwise have access to credit | |
331698035 | Natural Capital | the natural resources and natural services that keep us and other species alive and support out economies | |
331698036 | Human Capital | the skills and knowledge gained by a worker through education and experience | |
331698037 | Manafactured Capital | Items such as machinery, equipment and factories made from natural resources | |
331698038 | Market Failure | a situation in which the market does not distribute resources efficiently | |
331698039 | Enviromental Economics | A subfield of economics that examines costs and benefits of various policies and regulations related to environmental degradation | |
331698040 | Ecological Economics | Application of ecological insights to economic analysis; incorporating ecological principles and priorities into economic accounting systems. | |
331698041 | Valuation | an appraisal of the value of something | |
331698042 | Enviromental Worldview | How people think the world works, what they think their role in the world should be, and what they believe is right and wrong environmental behavior (environmental ethics). | |
331698043 | Stewardship | responsibility for conserving and restoring the Earth's resources for future generations | |
331698044 | Anthropocentric | human-centered | |
331698045 | Biocentric | life-centered: also a theory of moral responsibility stating that all forms of life have an inherent right to exist and that humanity is not the center of existence. | |
331698046 | Ecocentric | self centered | |
331698047 | United Nation | Created in 1945 to help nations solve problems peacefully. | |
331698048 | United Nations Enviromental Programme | gathers enviromental information and conducting research and assessing enviromental problems | |
331698049 | World Bank | a United Nations agency created to assist developing nations by loans guaranteed by member governments | |
331698050 | World Health Orginization | improve human health by monitoring and assessing health trends and providing medical health | |
331698051 | United Nations Development Programme | provides countries with assistance to encourage environmentally sustainable development | |
331698052 | Enviromental Protection Agency | Covers air and water pollution, noise, pesticides, solid waste, radiation and toxic substances. | |
331698053 | Occupational Safety and Health Administration | a government agency in the Department of Labor to maintain a safe and healthy work environment | |
331698054 | Department of Energy | the federal department responsible for maintaining a national energy policy of the United States | |
331698055 | Human Development Index | Indicator of level of development for each country, constructed by United Nations, combining income, literacy, education, and life expectancy | |
331698056 | Human Poverty Index | H.P.I.; index based on information about life expectancy, literacy, and living standards. | |
331698057 | Command-and-Control Approach | an approach that involves the government imposing quantitative limits on the amount of pollution firms are allowed to emit or requiring firms to install specific pollution control devices. | |
331698058 | Incentive-based Approach | constructs financial and other incentives for lowering emissions based on profits and benefits | |
331698059 | Green Tax | a fiscal policy that lowers taxes on income, including wages and profit, and raises taxes on consumption, particularly the unsustainable consumption of non-renewable resources. | |
331698060 | Triple Bottom Line | A business strategy that includes social, economic, and environmental criteria. |
APES Friedland and Relyea Ch.20 Flashcards
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