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APES Geology Flashcards

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7991475615Plate tectonicsA theory explaining the structure of the earth's crust and many associated phenomena as resulting from the interaction of rigid lithospheric plates that move slowly over the underlying mantle0
7991475617Subduction zoneA destructive plate margin where oceanic crust is being pushed down into the mantle beneath a second plate1
7991475618Hot spotAn area where magma from deep within the mantle melts through the crust above it2
7991475619Volcanic chainFormed above a subduction zone3
7991475620Mid-ocean ridgeAn undersea mountain chain where new ocean floor is produced; a divergent plate boundary4
7991475621Transform boundaryA plate boundary where two plates move past each other in opposite directions5
7991475622Island accretionWhen islands atop an oceanic plate are added on to continental crust as the two plates converge6
7991475628Missoula floodsMassive floods that contributed to the formation of the Columbia Gorge, Willamette Valley, and Channeled Scablands.7
7991475629Columbia Basalt FlowsVolcanic floods that blanketed much of the Pacific Northwest in basalt.8
7991475630Date of Missoula FloodsOccurred at the end of the last ice age (20,000 - 10,000 years ago).9
7991475631Cause of Missoula FloodsFailure of ice dam that extended from a glacier in Canada into Missoula Montana.10
7991475632ErraticsRocks carried away from their original resting places by glaciers.11
7991475633Date of Columbia basalt flows17 million to 6 million years ago (Mostly around 15 million years ago)12
7991475634Cause of the large earthquakes that periodically occur in the PNWThe Cascadia subduction zone13
7991475635Cascade MountainsFormed due to the subduction of the Juan De Fuca plate beneath the North American Plate14
7991475636Yellowstone hot spotResponsible for both the Columbia basalt flows and the Yellowstone caldera.15

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