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APES Population Flashcards

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8283620292Demographythe study of human populations and population trends0
8283620293Demographersscientists in the field of demography1
8283620294Immigrationthe movement of people into a country or region, having come from another country or region2
8283620295Emigrationthe movement of people out of a country or region, to settle in another country or region3
8283620296Crude Birth Ratethe number of births per 1000 individuals per year4
8283620297Crude Death Ratethe number of deaths per 1000 individuals per year5
8283620298Total Fertility Rate (TFR)an estimate of the average number of children that each woman in a population will bear throughout her childbearing years6
8283620299Replacement-Level Fertilitythe total fertility rate required to offset the average number of deaths in a population in order to maintain the current population size7
8283620300Developed Countriescountries with relatively high levels of industrialization and income8
8283620301Developing Countriescountries with relatively low levels of industrialization and income9
8283620302Life Expectancythe average number of years that an infant born in a particular year in a particular country can be expected to live, given the current average life span and death rate in that country10
8283620303Infant Mortality Ratethe number of deaths of children under 1 year of age per 1000 live births11
8283620304Child Mortality Ratethe number of deaths of children under age 5 per 1000 live births12
8283620305Age Structure Diagramsdiagrams that show the numbers of individuals within each age category, typically expressed for males and females separately13
8283620306Population Pyramidan age structure diagram that is widest at the bottom and smallest at the top, typical of developing countries14
8283620307Population Momentumcontinued population growth that does not slow in response to growth reduction measures15
8283620308Demographic Transitionthe theory that as a country moves from a subsistence economy to industrialization and increased affluence it undergoes a predictable shift in population growth16
8283620309Family Planningthe practice of regulating the number or spacing of offspring through the use of birth control17
8283620310Affluencethe state of having plentiful wealth; the possession of money, goods, or property18
8283620311IPAT EquationImpact = Population x Affluence x Technology19
8283620312Urban Areaan area that contains more than 385 people per square kilometer (1000 people per square mile)20
8283620313Gross Domestic Product (GDP)a measure of the value of all products and services produced in a country in a year21
8283620314doubling timethe number of years it takes for a population to double22
8283620315rule of 70doubling time in years=70/ growth rate in %23
8283620316net migration ratethe difference between immigration and emigration in a giver year per 1000 people24
8283620317phase 1: pre moderna phase when slow population growth, population is at a nearly steady state, before a country has modernized, CBR=CDR25
8283620318phase 2: early expandinga phase when there is rapid population growth, as a country modernizes, population momentum, CBR is greater than CDR26
8283620319phase 3: late expandinga phase when the population begins to stabilize, increasing urbanization, almost developed27
8283620320phase 4: post-industrialthe phase when there is stable population growth, a larger amount of the population is elderly, developed countries, CDR higher than CBR28
8283620321phase 5: decliningCBR29

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