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| 5329827309 | proton charge | +1, | 0 | |
| 5329827311 | electron charge | -1 | 1 | |
| 5329827312 | neutron charge | 0 | 2 | |
| 5329827313 | proton location | nucleus | 3 | |
| 5329827315 | electron location | outside nucleus in orbitals | 4 | |
| 5329827318 | isomers | same molecular formula but different structure | 5 | |
| 5329827319 | ionic bonds | transfer of electrons | 6 | |
| 5329827322 | covalent bonds | atoms share electrons, creating a molecule | 7 | |
| 5329827323 | single covalent bond | two atoms share a pair of electrons | 8 | |
| 5329827324 | non-polar bond | electrons are shared equally between two identical atoms. Will not dissolve in water | 9 | |
| 5329827325 | polar bond | atoms are shared unequally. Will dissolve in water | 10 | |
| 5329827326 | specific heat | the amount of heat a substance must absorb to increase 1 gram of the substance by 1C | 11 | |
| 5329827328 | universal solvent | water | 12 | |
| 5329827329 | organic compound | a compound that contains carbon | 13 | |
| 5329827330 | carbon | always forms 4 covalent bonds | 14 | |
| 5329827331 | major classes of organic compounds | carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids | 15 | |
| 5329827332 | ratio of hydrogen to oxygen in a carbohydrate | 2/1 | 16 | |
| 5329827334 | three classes of carbohydrates | monosaccharides, disaccharides, and polysaccharides. | 17 | |
| 5329827335 | monosaccharides | chemical formula: C6 H12 O6. Glucose, galactose, and fructose (isomers of one another). | 18 | |
| 5329827336 | disaccharides | chem formula: C12 H22 O11. consist of two monosaccharides joined by dehydration synthesis/condensation (removal of one molecule of water) | 19 | |
| 5329827337 | sucrose + water --> glucose + fructose | and example of hydrolysis | 20 | |
| 5329827338 | polysaccharides | polymers of carbohydrates and are formed as many monos. join via dehydration synthesis. | 21 | |
| 5329827339 | five important polysaccharides | cellulose, starch, chitin, glycogen, peptidoglycan | 22 | |
| 5329827340 | chitin | important polysaccharide, found in animals. makes up exoskeleton in arthropods (and cell walls in mushrooms) Contains peptide cross bridges. | 23 | |
| 5329827341 | glycogen | important polysaccharide, "animal starch". stored in liver and skeletal muscle in humans. | 24 | |
| 5329827342 | lipids | functions: energy storage, structure, and endocrine. organic compouds: fats, oils, waxes, and steroids. hydrophobic. consist of 1 glycerol and 3 fatty acids. | 25 | |
| 5329827344 | fatty acid | a longnhydrocarbon chain with a carboxyl group at one end. either saturated or unsaturated |  | 26 |
| 5329827345 | steroids | lipid based hormones ex: testosterone, cholesterol, and estradiol. | 27 | |
| 5329827346 | saturated fats | generally come from animals, solid at room temp, linked to heart disease. ex: butter! |  | 28 |
| 5329827347 | proteins | enzymes, most hormones, antibodies, structural, pigments etc.... | 29 | |
| 5329827348 | -OH | hydroxyl group | 30 | |
| 5329827349 | PO4-2 | phosphate group |  | 31 |
| 5329827351 | nucleic acid | either RNA or DNA. polymers, carry all heriditary info. made of nucleotides. | 32 | |
| 5329827352 | nucleotide | a phosphate, 5-carbon sugar, nitrogenous base | 33 | |
| 5329827360 | cholesterol | lipid used as the base for many steroids | 34 | |
| 5329827361 | Phospholipids in Cell Membranes | A phosphate group (PO4-) replaces one of the three fatty acids normally found on a lipid. The addition of this group makes a polar "head" and two nonpolar "tails". Aligned tail to tail so the nonpolar areas form a hydrophobic region between the hydrophilic heads on the inner and outer surfaces of the membrane. | 35 | |
| 5329827363 | adenosine triphosphate (ATP) | main energy source for cells | 36 | |
| 5329827376 | Peptide bond | The bond between two amino acids | 37 | |
| 5329827378 | amino acid | Building blocks of protein (monomer) |  | 38 |
| 5329827379 | amine group | the nitrogen-containing portion of an amino acid -NH2 | | 39 |
| 5329827380 | carboxyl group | A functional group present in organic acids -COOH | | 40 |
| 5329827381 | R group | Amino acid side chain- different for each amino acid. It is always off the middle carbon | | 41 |
| 5329827385 | hydrolysis | Breaking down molecules by the chemical addition of water. The opposite of Dehydration Synthesis |  | 42 |
| 5329827396 | Phospholipid | One phosphate replaces a fatty acid to make a polar end to the molecule |  | 43 |
| 5329827397 | Mutation | any change in the DNA of an organism | 44 | |
| 5329827400 | Specific Heat | The amount of heat required to raise the temp of 1 gram of water(l) by 1 degree Celsius | 45 | |
| 5329827404 | Surface Tension | on the surface of water, the result of Hydrogen bonding | 46 | |
| 5329827405 | Capillary action | the result of adhesion and cohesion, it is the rising of water in a thin tube. | 47 | |
| 5329827406 | Sulfhydryl group | this functional group is found in amino acids they form disulfide bridges in proteins |  | 48 |
| 5329827408 | monomer of nucleic acid | nucleotide | 49 | |
| 5329827409 | subunits of proteins | amino acids | 50 | |
| 5329827411 | store and transmit genetic info | nucleic acids | 51 | |
| 5329827413 | contain twice as much hydrogen as carbon | carbohydrates | 52 | |
| 5329827414 | store enough energy for a bear to hibernate | lipid | 53 | |
| 5329827415 | contains carbon, hydrogen, oxygen and nitrogen | protein | 54 | |
| 5329827416 | polysaccharide that makes up the exoskeleton of insects | chitin | 55 | |
| 5329827418 | long, chain like molecule made up of many repeating monomers | polymer | 56 | |
| 5329827419 | group of organic compounds rich containing C, H, and O with a very high H to O ratio | lipids | 57 | |
| 5329827421 | along with a sugar and a nitrogenous base, makes up a nucletide | phosphate | 58 | |
| 5329827422 | disaccharide known as table sugar | sucrose | 59 | |
| 5329827423 | polysaccharide in which animals store excess carbs (animal starch) | glycogen | 60 | |
| 5329827426 | polysaccharides found in plant cell walls | cellulose | 61 | |
| 5329827427 | monosaccharide that cells can use | glucose | 62 | |
| 5329827429 | protein | macromolecule that contains carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen; needed by the body for growth and repair and to make up enzymes | 63 | |
| 5329827431 | carbohydrates | organic compounds, composed of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen, ratio of one carbon atom to two hydrogen atoms to one oxygen atom | 64 | |
| 5329827432 | starch | polysaccharide in plant cells that consists entirely of glucose monomers | 65 | |
| 5329827433 | cellulose | polysaccharide consisting of glucose monomers that reinforces plant-cell walls | 66 | |
| 5329827434 | DNA | a long linear polymer found in the nucleus of a cell and formed from nucleotides and shaped like a double helix | 67 | |
| 5329827435 | enzyme | specialized proteins that speed up chemical reactions | 68 | |
| 5329827436 | RNA | ribonucleic acid, a natural polymer that is present in all living cells and that plays a role in protein synthesis | 69 | |
| 5329827438 | fat | saturated solid at RT no double bonds | 70 | |
| 5329827439 | oils | unsaturated liquid at RT many double bonds | 71 | |
| 5329827440 | Lactose | A disaccharide found in Milk | 72 |
