Terms : Hide Images
| 500053678 | Cell Theory | all living things are made of cells; all cells arise from pre-existing cells; single celled or multicellular | 1 | |
| 500053679 | Light Microscope | microscopy; can observe live or fixed (dead) samples, see actual colors of cells, lower power used | 2 | |
| 500053680 | Scanning Electron Microscope | microscopy; can ONLY see surface of cell, higher power used, more detail, have to use fixed (dead) samples | 3 | |
| 500053681 | Transmission Electron Microscope | microscopy; can see cross section of cell, higher power used, have to use fixed (dead) samples | 4 | |
| 500053682 | Fluorescent Microscope | microscopy; the idea of staining specific structures to see them more clearly in a sample | 5 | |
| 500053683 | Plant Cell | cell is usually square in shape, has cell walls, and chloroplasts | 6 | |
| 500053684 | All Cells | What kind of cells have: plasma membranes, DNA, and cytoplasm | 7 | |
| 500053685 | Prokaryotic Cell | Cell; includes bacteria and archaea: no nucleus or other membrane bound organelles, small (less than 5um), usually have a cell wall, and have a capsule or slime layer pili | 8 | |
| 500053686 | Slime Layer Pili (Capsule) | have protein projections, come out of capsule, helps to adhere to things | 9 | |
| 500053687 | Eukaryotic Cell | Cell; includes plants, animals, fungus, and single celled organisms (protists); have a nucleus and organelles, more than 10um in size, some have cell wall | 10 | |
| 500053688 | Prokaryotic Cell | Cell; single, circular chromosome (DNA)- coiled in an area called nucleoid; plasmids, ribosomes, less complex | 11 | |
| 500053689 | Plasmid | small rings of DNA (antibiotic resistance) | 12 | |
| 500053690 | Nucleoid | coiled DNA | 13 | |
| 500053691 | Eukaryotic Cell | DNA arranged in chromosomes in nucleus, many organelles, more complex | 14 | |
| 500053692 | Plasma Membrane | Structure; BOTH PLANT AND ANIMAL, Fluid Mosaic model; made of phospholipids, proteins, chlolesterol, unsaturated fats, hydophobic tails and hydrophillic heads | 15 | |
| 500053693 | Fluid Mosaic Model | 1972: theorized by Singer and Nicholson; membrane is phospholipid bi-layer studded with proteins | 16 | |
| 500053694 | Phospholipid | Fluid Mosaic Model; barrier | 17 | |
| 500053695 | Protein | Fluid Mosaic Model; acts as channels, ID tags | 18 | |
| 500053696 | Cholesterol | Fluid Mosaic Model; mainly in animal cells, membrane more flexible | 19 | |
| 500053697 | Nucleus | Structure; contains DNA, has double membrane with pores | 20 | |
| 500053698 | Nucleolus | Structure; darkest staining region in nucleus, 1-3 in one nucleus, where ribosomes are made | 21 | |
| 500053699 | Ribosome | Structure; where proteins are made, site of protein synthesis, made of protein and RNA; 2 locations: free in cytoplasm, or bound to the rough endoplasmic reticulum | 22 | |
| 500053700 | Endoplasmic Reticulum | Structure; membranous canals; 2 parts: smooth and rough | 23 | |
| 500053701 | Membranous Canal | movement through 'tubes' made of membranes | 24 | |
| 500053702 | Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum | Structure; has ribosomes attached to it, purpose is to transport proteins | 25 | |
| 500053703 | Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum | Structure; has enzymes to synthesize liquids (including phospholipids) then new membranes formed, used for detoxification | 26 | |
| 500053704 | Vesicle | Structure; little sac of membrane that travels throughout the cell, flows from one organelle to another | 27 | |
| 500053705 | Endomembrane System | membranes within the cell; has a transport system from one organelle to another, "interconnectedness" of nuclear envelope, ER, Golgi, lysosomes, vacuoles and plasma membrane | 28 | |
| 500053706 | Golgi Body | Structure; shape is stacked tighter together than smooth ER, vesicles enter here by bumping up against it and fusing, "shipping department" | 29 | |
| 500053707 | Lysosome | Structure; vesicle filled with about 30 digestive enzymes | 30 | |
| 500053708 | Vacuole | Structure; fluid filled sacs, specialzed ones: contractile and central | 31 | |
| 500053709 | Contractile Vacuole | Structure; in a small single celled organism in freshwater, this collects the excess water and then squeezes it out of the cell | 32 | |
| 500053710 | Central Vacuole | Structure; in PLANT CELL, has a HUGE central one, controls water balance, stores waste and pigments | 33 | |
| 500053711 | Turgor Pressure | added pressure within a plant cell that results from the movement of water into the central vacuole | 34 | |
| 500053712 | Perixosome | Structure; detox of alcohol and other toxins, breakdown of fatty acids, NOT part of the endomembrane system | 35 | |
| 500053713 | Mitochondrion | Structure; site of cellular respiration, break down molecules to make ATP, can tell from its shape because of inner divisions within the organelles, found in eukaryotic cells | 36 | |
| 500053714 | Cristae | Mitochondrion; inner foldings of mitochondria | 37 | |
| 500053715 | Matrix | Mitochondrion; space between the cristae | 38 | |
| 500053716 | Innermembrane Space | Mitochondrion; space between inner membrane and mitochodria | 39 | |
| 500053717 | Cell Respiration Formula | C6H1206 + 6O2 -> 6H20 + 6CO2 + 36ATP(energy) | 40 | |
| 500053718 | Photosynthesis Formula | SUN(energy) + 6CO2 + 6H20 -> 6O2 + C6H12O6 | 41 | |
| 500053719 | Glucose | C6H12O6 | 42 | |
| 500053720 | Chloroplast | Structure; found only in plants, site of Photosynthesis | 43 | |
| 500053721 | Grana | Chloroplast; whole stack of thylakoids | 44 | |
| 500053722 | Thylakoid | Chloroplast; found in stacks, chlorophyll embedded | 45 | |
| 500053723 | Chlorophyll | Chloroplast; green pigment in thylakoid | 46 | |
| 500053724 | Stroma | Chloroplast; the dense fluid that fills the empty space in the chloroplast | 47 | |
| 500053725 | Ribosome | Chloroplast; little dots found inside it | 48 | |
| 500053726 | DNA | Chloroplast; big dots found inside it | 49 | |
| 500053727 | Endosymbiont Theory | theory of how organelles came to be, 1 prokaryotic cell engulfed a smaller prokaryotic cell yet the small one was still able to function inside; evolution to eukaryotic cells | 50 | |
| 500053728 | Cyto- | prefix for a word meaning something to do with a CELL | 51 | |
| 500053729 | Endosymbiont Theory | DNA of mitochondria is similar to DNA of prokaryotic cell, both have DNA, both have multiple membrane layers: all evidence of what? | 52 | |
| 500053730 | Cytoskeleton | Structure; cells' skeleton: provides shape, support and structure; has microfilaments, intermediate filaments, and microtubules | 53 | |
| 500053731 | Microfilaments | Cytoskeleton; small rod of protein | 54 | |
| 500053732 | Intermediate Filament | Cytoskeleton; size between the microfilament and microtubule | 55 | |
| 500053733 | Microtubules | Cytoskeleton; tubes made of protein, very small | 56 | |
| 500053734 | Tubulin | Cytoskeleton; protein that makes up tubules | 57 | |
| 500053735 | Cilia and Flagella | Structure; extensions from plasma membrane, movement | 58 | |
| 500053736 | Flagella | one, long, tail-like structure for movement; ex. sperm | 59 | |
| 500053737 | Cilia | many, short, hair-like structures for movement; ex. ear hairs | 60 | |
| 500053738 | 9 + 2 Configuration | Cilia and Flagella; configuration of microtubules, 9 fused and 2 non-fused | 61 | |
| 500053739 | 9 + 0 Configuration | Cilia and Flagella; configuration of microtubules, 9 triplets | 62 | |
| 500053740 | Basal Body | Cilia and Flagella; base/anchor to cilia and flagella | 63 | |
| 500053741 | Centriole | Structure; looks and acts like the basal body of cilia and flagella except this occurs in pairs and can move freely throughout the cytoplasm, organize microtubules, primary function isto produce mitotic spindle, ONLY in ANIMAL CELLS | 64 | |
| 500053742 | Extracellular Matrix | Structure; outside the cell matrix but still attached, made of carbohydrates and proteins, use carbohydrates for communication | 65 | |
| 500053743 | Cell Junction | Structure; connections | 66 | |
| 500053744 | Tight Junction | Junction; ANIMAL, leak-proof seal, connections of networks of proteins | 67 | |
| 500053745 | Anchoring Junction | Junction; aka. Desmosomes, ANIMAL, like velcro, not quite leak-proof but tight | 68 | |
| 500053746 | Gap Junction | Junction; ANIMAL, small channels, allows for communication from one cell to the next | 69 | |
| 500053747 | Plasmodesmata | Junction; PLANT, like a gap junction because of channels for communication but it has longer, tougher channels to go through cell walls | 70 | |
| 500053748 | Cell Wall | Structure; PLANT, made of cellulose, outside the plasma membrane, can be thicker than the diameter of the cell, PRODUCED OUTSIDE CELL AND OUTSIDE MEMBRANE | 71 | |
| 500053749 | Plastid | Structure; PLANT, for storage, double membrane | 72 |
