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biochemistry Flashcards

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7992099647AtomThe smallest unit of ordinary matter that has the properties of a chemical element.0
7992099648MoleculeThe smallest particle in a chemical element or compound. These particles are made up of two or more atoms that are held together by chemical bonds.1
7992099649Covalent bondA chemical bond that involves the sharing of electron pairs between atoms.2
7992099650Ionic bondA type of chemical bond that involves the electrostatic attraction between oppositely charged ions.3
7992099651Hydrogen bondThe attractive force between the hydrogen attached to an electronegative atom of one molecule and an electronegative atom of a different molecule.4
7992099652MacromoleculeA very large molecule, such as protein, commonly created by polymerization of smaller subunits (monomers). They are sometimes composed of thousands or more atoms.5
7992099653OrganelleStructures with specialized functions suspended in the cytoplasm of a eukaryotic cell.6
7992099654TissueDistinct types of material which make up organisms and consist of specialized cells and their products.7
7992099655Organ systemA group of organs that work together to perform one or more functions.8
7992099656Atom, molecule, macromolecule, organelle, cell, tissue, organ, organ system, organismName the levels in the hierarchy of life from atoms to organisms.9
7992099657CarbohydrateA biological molecule consisting of carbon (C), hydrogen (H) and oxygen (O) atoms. Examples are sugar, cellulose, chitin and starch.10
7992099658Nucleic acidA large biological molecule made up of nucleotides. Examples are DNA and RNA.11
7992099659ProteinA large biological molecule composed of one or more long chains of amino acids. Examples include all enzymes, collagen, keratin, insulin, immunoglobulins, muscle fibers.12
7992099660LipidA large biological molecule made up of fatty acids that are not soluble water. Examples include fats, waxes, and cholesterol.13

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