Terms : Hide Images
| 5948884038 | mass of one proton | 1 "gram" (actually 9.11 x 10 to the -28 power grams) | 0 | |
| 5948894602 | mass of one neutron | 1 "gram" (actually 9.11 x 10 to the -28 power grams) | 1 | |
| 5948897825 | mass of one electron | "0" | 2 | |
| 5948913955 | how many protons/neutrons in one mole? | 6.02 x 10 to the 23 power (not that you have to know that...) | 3 | |
| 5948920542 | charge of proton | positive |  | 4 |
| 5948922871 | charge of neutron | neutral | | 5 |
| 5948922872 | charge of electron | negative | | 6 |
| 5948924907 | location of proton | nucleus |  | 7 |
| 5948924908 | location of neutron | nucleus | | 8 |
| 5948926904 | location of electron | outside nucleus | | 9 |
| 5948929694 | atomic number | the number found in the upper right corner of an element's label; gives the number of protons ( = electrons if the atom is neutral) |  | 10 |
| 5948935092 | atomic mass | the number found in the bottom of an element's label; gives the number of protons and neutrons combined | | 11 |
| 5948951856 | ionic bonds | transfer of electrons to form a bond (strong); one atom gives an electron to another, so the original is now positive and the 2nd one is negative; opposites attract, so they join |  | 12 |
| 5948956059 | covalent bonds | sharing electrons to form a bond (strong) |  | 13 |
| 5948963849 | what is a bond made up of? | 2 electrons | 14 | |
| 5948968382 | polar covalent bond | uneven sharing of electrons to form an unbalanced charge (e.g. water) |  | 15 |
| 5949073470 | ATP | Energy!!! | 16 | |
| 5948995070 | what are the 3 functional groups of organic compounds? | -hydroxyl -carboxyl acid -amino | 17 | |
| 5949061453 | what is an organic compound | -any carbon-based compound -functional group contains a carbon chain (3 carbons long) which is saturated with H, plus other elements attached |  | 18 |
| 5949052962 | hydroxyl | -found in carbs like sugar and starch -R - *OH* -functional group is OH |  | 19 |
| 5949088939 | carboxyl acid | -found in fats (lipids) and amino acids -functional group is a carbon attached with a double bond and O above, and OH to the right |  | 20 |
| 5949099062 | amino | -an organic (carbon-based) compound -found in amino acids -functional group is an N attached which splits into 2 H |  | 21 |
| 5949159447 | carbohydrates are composed of ___ and ___ | sugars and starch | 22 | |
| 5949159448 | monosaccharide | -"one sugar" -simple sugar |  | 23 |
| 5949167733 | 3 monosaccharide types | -glucose (blood sugar- most common) -fructose (chocolate) -galactose | 24 | |
| 5949169561 | monosaccharide formula | C6 H12 O6 |  | 25 |
| 5949211204 | disaccharide | -"2 sugar" -when 2 monos combine |  | 26 |
| 5949214816 | 3 disaccharides | -sucrose (table sugar) -maltose (malt) -lactose (milk) | 27 | |
| 5949224570 | makeup of sucrose | glucose + fructose |  | 28 |
| 5949226836 | makeup of maltose | glucose + glucose |  | 29 |
| 5949230317 | makeup of lactose | glucose + galactose |  | 30 |
| 5949233264 | how do we digest disaccharides? | we add H2O to each bond, which breaks them apart so we can digest the 2 monos | 31 | |
| 5949239801 | polysaccharides | -3 or more monosaccharides -provide an energy source and structural support |  | 32 |
| 5949244839 | 2 examples of polysaccharide in plants | -starch (hundreds of glucose molecules combined; provides energy) -cellulose (fiber; hundreds of glucose molecules bonded together, but differently than starch; provides structure of cell walls [indigestible to humans]) | 33 | |
| 5949268526 | what's the enzyme that breaks the bonds of starch? | amylase | 34 | |
| 5956374601 | 2 examples of polysaccharides in animals | -glycogen to store energy in liver and muscle cells -chitin is found in the exoskeleton of arthropods and provides strength and protection (structure) | 35 | |
| 5956403811 | lipids | -animal body fat -can be used as a source of energy | 36 | |
| 5956407198 | formation of a lipid molecule (fat) | -triglyceride | 37 | |
| 5956413555 | triglyceride | 3 fatty acids combine with a 3-carbon alcohol glycerol |  | 38 |
| 5956449428 | fat | -triglyceride that is solid at room temp -made up of saturated fatty acids -saturated with hydrogen |  | 39 |
| 5959312976 | examples of fat (saturated) | animals like pigs, cows, deer, etc | | 40 |
| 5959316724 | oil | -triglyceride that is liquid at room temp -made up of *un*saturated fatty acids |  | 41 |
| 5959324519 | examples of oil (unsaturated fatty acids) | plants, fish, and fowl | | 42 |
| 5959344408 | ___ is converted to ___ in the process of hydrogenating unsaturated fats | cis fat and trans fat |  | 43 |
| 5959360810 | process of hydrogenating unsaturated fats | -*heat* -cis fat is the original fat found in plants; missing 2 H -heat flips one of the Hydrogens to form trans fat | | 44 |
| 5959384813 | which is less healthy, trans fat or cis fat? why? | trans fat is less healthy. it's linked with plaque build up in blood and the hardening of arteries, which leads to heart attacks or strokes | 45 | |
| 5959411182 | LDL | -low density lipoprotein -carries cholesterol to the cell -bad connotation--increases heart disease | 46 | |
| 5959433934 | HDL | -high density lipoprotein -carries cholesterol to liver for excretion |  | 47 |
| 5959465673 | ___ increases the ratio of LDL to HDL | saturated fat -this is bad because LDLs are less healthy (heart problems) |  | 48 |
| 5959462280 | function of a protein | -supply building blocks to synthesize new body parts, like skin -provide cellular energy if there are no carbs or lipids present | 49 | |
| 5959491565 | how many amino acid types are there? | 20 |  | 50 |
| 5959493597 | what bond joins 2 amino acids? | peptide bond |  | 51 |
| 5959496191 | what element is taken out when 2 amino acids join? | H2O |  | 52 |
| 5959499061 | what does "R" stand for? | a carbon chain (variable) | 53 | |
| 5959502250 | what are enzymes made up of | protein | 54 | |
| 5959502252 | catalyst | -a compound that will increase the rate of a chemical reaction, without being consumed -it's reusable | 55 | |
| 5959506314 | enzyme | -a type of catalyst -we make them- found in our bodies -lowers activation energy |  | 56 |
| 5959514024 | suffix indicating an enzyme | -ase -e.g. amylase, catalase, protease | 57 | |
| 5959516168 | activation energy | the minimum energy required to start a particular chemical reaction | 58 |
