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| 7647010901 | Anabolic | Complex molecules from smaller organic or inorganic substances | 0 | |
| 7647017688 | Catabolic | Complex molecules broken to smaller fragments | 1 | |
| 7647028183 | Metabolic pathway | Most anabolic process are condensation reactions Most catabolic process are hydrolysis reactions | 2 | |
| 7647043046 | The most important of these anabolic/catabolic pairing | respiration and photosynthesis | 3 | |
| 7647055126 | Amino acids | Monomers or building blocks of proteins (polymers) 20 amino acids combine to form proteins (vary with the R side chain) Amino acids contain amino group and carboxyl group |  | 4 |
| 7647108294 | Amino acids properties | - Amino acids can have both positive and negative charged groups called a zwitterion (Often denoted as the H from the carboxyl group moving to the amino acid) - Can act as both acids and bases - Will act as buffers by absorb excess OH- or H+ - Has a pH in which it is electrically neutral called the isoelectric point - When pH is below this it will be positive ion, when pH is above this it will be negative ion | 5 | |
| 7647218627 | Protein structure | Primary Secondary Tertiary Quaternary | 6 | |
| 7647221684 | Primary structure | The amino acid sequence of protein Covalent bonding | 7 | |
| 7647227949 | Secondary structure | Due to regular repeating hydrogen bonding along the same peptide chain May consist turn known as alpha helix or sheets knowns has helix pleated sheets | 8 | |
| 7647244413 | Tertiary structure | Due to the R group Influence the isoelectric point Include hydrophobic/hydrophilic group, hydrogen bonding, ionic bonding between charged side groups and disulfide bridges Denaturing of protein occurs at this level | 9 | |
| 7647260664 | Quaternary structure | Relationship of polypeptide to other polypeptides | 10 | |
| 7647270864 | Fibrous protein | Insoluble structure components that are elongated with a dominant secondary structure | 11 | |
| 7647275324 | Globular proteins | Soluble functional tools that have a spherical shape and a dominant tertiary structure | 12 | |
| 7647331637 | Enzymes | Organic molecules that increase reaction rates faster than inorganic catalyst by binding substrate to a specific active site Temperature, pH and heavy metal ions can denature enzyme Very specific Some require co-factors to bind to them for activity | 13 | |
| 7647388725 | Lipids | Biological molecule Mostly non-polar and insoluble in water Molecules interact by weak Van deer Waal forces Main groups: Triglycerides, Phospholipid, Steroids | 14 | |
| 7647404293 | Triglycerides formation | Formation is a condensation reaction to create an ester link The reverse- hydrolysis occurs during the digestion of lipase | 15 | |
| 7647416269 | Triglycerides structure | Length of carbons usually between 14-22 No double bonds mean saturated One double bonds - monounsaturated More than one double bonds - polyunsaturated Bonds angle 109.5 Omega 3 and 6 are essential fatty acids that body cannot make but must consume Most fatty acids are cis. Trans fatty acids are from by-product processing | 16 | |
| 7647448438 | Rancidity | Chemical or biological decomposition of fats and oils that produces unpleasant odour | 17 | |
| 7647467704 | Phospholipids structure | Phospholipids are derivative of triglycerides Fatty acids replace with phosphate group | 18 | |
| 7647485094 | Steroids | Consists 4 fused rings called the steroidal backbone Cholesterol build block of another steroid and sex hormone | 19 | |
| 7647496818 | Hormone | Chemical messenger sent from one cell tissue that act on metabolism of the cells of another tissue | 20 | |
| 7647510923 | Carbohydrates | 2 types Monosaccharide and polysaccharides | 21 | |
| 7647530640 | Monosaccharide | Contain carbonyl group in form of aldehyde or ketone At least 2 hydroxyl groups Empirical formula CH2O | 22 | |
| 7647543377 | Macronutrients | Substances that make up more than 0.005% of our body weight | 23 | |
| 7647550024 | Micronutrients | Substances that make up less than 0.005% of our body weight | 24 | |
| 7647554931 | Vitamins | Organic micronutrients that cannot by synthesized by the organism in sufficient amounts | 25 |
