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Biochemistry Flashcards

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11603460640CarbohydrateSugars and starches. Used for quick energy. Made up of Carbon, Hydrogen and Oxygen in a 1:2:1 ratio. Ends in OSE0
11603460641LipidFats, oils and waxes, made up of glycerol and 3 fatty acids. A secondary source of energy1
11603460642ProteinUsed for tissue repair and growth. Made up of Amino Acids2
11603460643Nucleic AcidsDNA and RNA. Made up of nucleotides3
11603460644Monosaccharidesimple sugar. Ex. Glucose4
11603460645Disaccharide2 Simple sugars together. ex. Maltose, sucrose5
11603460646Polysaccharidemany simple sugars combined together. Ex. Starch. cellulose6
11603460647Dehydration SynthesisProcess of removing a water molecule to combine substances7
11603460648HydrolysisProcess of adding a water molecule back into a molecule to break it down(split apart). AKA Digestion8
11603460649Glucose (simple sugar)Building block of carbohydrates9
11603460650Amino AcidsBuilding blocks of proteins10
11603460651Glycerol and 3 fatty acidsBuilding blocks of Lipids11
11603460652NucleotidesBuilding block of Nucleic acids12
11603460653Peptide bondtype of bond that creates proteins13
11603460654polypeptidefancy name for proteins14
11603460655IodineStarch indicator that turns from amber to blue/black in the presence of Starch15
11603460656Benedict's solutionGlucose indicator, changes from blue to orange in the presence of glucose (with heat)16
11603460657BiuretsIndicator for protein, changes from blue to pinkish/purple in the presence of protein17
11603460658organicsubstance that contain Carbon AND Hydrogen together. Ex. C6H12O6 OR CH418
11603460659Inorganicsubstances that DO NOt HAVE Carbon AND Hydrogen EX. H2O OR CO219
11603460660Enzymesorganic catalysts that speed up reaction rates. End in ASE. Ex. Maltase20
11603460661Active sitePlace where reaction takes place in an enzyme21
11603460662Temperature, pH, concentration of enzymes or substrateFactors that affect enzyme rate22
11603460663Substratemolecule that is being transformed (worked on) by enzymes23
11603460664Enzyme/Substrate Complexwhen the enzyme and the substrate are actively reacting together24
11603460665Denaturewhen the active site of an enzyme becomes deformed from either temperature or pH changes causing to not work25
11603460666Reactantsthe substances needed to complete a chemical reaction. Found on the left side of a written chemical reaction26
11603460667Productsthe substances "produced" by the chemical reaction. Found on the right side of the written reaction27
11603460668Activation energyThe energy needed to start a chemical reaction28
11603460669EnzymesNeeded for the synthesis of most materials in an organism29
11603460670Biological catalystAnother name for an enzyme30
11603460671Enzyme shapeWhat allows enzymes to work in very specific ways?31
11603460672Too high temperature, wrong pHHow can denaturing take place?32
11603460673Enzymes"ase"is an ending for...33
11603460674CarbohydratesGlycogen is a type of sugar belonging to which group of macromolecules?34
11603460675Proteins, lipids, carbohydrates, nucleic acidsAll living cells have these macromolecules35

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