molecules that make up DNA | ||
protein that is bound to DNA and coiled around | ||
when the DNA is coiled around several histones | ||
bonds in DNA can form only between adenine and thymine and between guanine and cytosine | ||
copying process by which a cell duplicates its DNA | ||
an enzyme used in separating strands of DNA | ||
an enzyme that binds nucleotides together to form a DNA molecule by following the procedure of base pairing | ||
are coded DNA instructions that control the production of proteins within the cell | ||
RNA molecule that carries copies of instructions for the assembly of amino acids into proteins from DNA to the rest of the cell | ||
RNA that makes up the major part of ribosomes | ||
RNA molecule that transfers amino acids to ribosomes during protein synthesis | ||
Process in which part of the nucleotide sequence of DNA is copied into the complementary sequence of RNA | ||
Enzyme that binds to DNA and separates the DNA strands during transcription | ||
region of DNA that indicates to an enzyme where to bind to make RNA | ||
intervening sequence of DNA; does not code for a protein | ||
expressed sequence of DNA; codes for a protein | ||
three-nucleotide sequence on messenger RNA that codes for a single amino acid | ||
decoding of a mRNA message into a polypeptide chain | ||
group of three bases on a tRNA molecule that are complementary to an mRNA codon | ||
a sequence of amino acids that make different types of proteins | ||
are changes in the genetic material | ||
mutations involving changes in one or a few nucleotides | ||
mutation that shifts the sequence by inserting or deleting a nucleotide | ||
condition in which an organism has extra sets of chromosomes |
Biology Chapter 12 Vocab
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