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| 12143790839 | Why do living things need energy? | to perform actions | 0 | |
| 12143790840 | What's the role of ATP? | it is one of the principle chemical compounds that cells use to store and release energy | 1 | |
| 12143790841 | What's the difference between ADP and ATP? | ADP has two phosphate groups, and ATP has three phosphate groups | 2 | |
| 12143790842 | What is an autotroph? | an organism that makes its own food | 3 | |
| 12143790843 | What is a heterotroph? | an organism that gets its food from outside forces | 4 | |
| 12143790844 | What is the photosynthesis equation? | 6CO2 + 6H2O --> C6H12O6 + 6O2 | 5 | |
| 12143790845 | What is CO2? | Carbon dioxide | 6 | |
| 12143790846 | What is H2O? | Water | 7 | |
| 12143790847 | What is C6H12O6? | Glucose | 8 | |
| 12143790848 | What is O2? | Oxygen | 9 | |
| 12143790849 | What are pigments? | light absorbing molecules that give things color | 10 | |
| 12143790850 | What is the role of pigments in the plant cell? | to absorb energy from light | 11 | |
| 12143790851 | What is the primary pigment found in plant cells? | Chlorophyll | 12 | |
| 12143790852 | How do we see various colors? | the different parts of the light spectrum are reflected back to our eyes if they are not absorbed by an object | 13 | |
| 12143790853 | What are the thylakoids? | saclike photosynthetic membranes found in chloroplasts | 14 | |
| 12143790854 | What is a granum? | A stack of thylakoids | 15 | |
| 12143790855 | What are grana? | multiple stacks of thylakoids | 16 | |
| 12143790856 | What is the stroma? | region outside the thylakoid membranes in chloroplasts | 17 | |
| 12143790857 | What are the photosystems? | light-collecting units of the chloroplast | 18 | |
| 12143790858 | What is the role of electron carriers? | transport high-energy electrons from chlorophyll to other molecules | 19 | |
| 12143790859 | What electron carrier is used in photosynthesis? | NADP+ | 20 | |
| 12143790860 | What are the two major stages of photosynthesis? | Light dependent reactions and Calvin Cycle | 21 | |
| 12143790861 | What are light dependent reactions? | reactions that use energy from light to produce ATP and NADPH | 22 | |
| 12143790862 | What do light dependent reactions do? | produce oxygen gas and convert ADP and NADP+ into the energy carriers ATP and NADPH | 23 | |
| 12143790863 | What is the Calvin Cycle? | light independent reaction | 24 | |
| 12143790864 | What happens during the Calvin Cycle? | ATP and NADPH from the light-dependent reactions are used to produce high-energy sugars | 25 | |
| 12143790865 | Where do the light dependent reactions occur? | within the thylakoid membranes of chloroplasts | 26 | |
| 12143790866 | Where does the Calvin Cycle occur? | the stroma of chloroplasts | 27 | |
| 12143790867 | What materials come into the chloroplast for light dependent reactions? | light, water | 28 | |
| 12143790868 | What are the products from light dependent reactions? | Oxygen, ATP, and NADPH | 29 | |
| 12143790869 | What materials move from the light dependent reactions to the Calvin Cycle? | ATP and NADPH | 30 | |
| 12143790870 | What materials come into the chloroplast for the Calvin Cycle? | Carbon dioxide | 31 | |
| 12143790871 | What are the products of the Calvin Cycle? | high energy sugars | 32 | |
| 12143790872 | What materials move from the Calvin Cycle to the light dependent reactions? | ADP and NADP+ | 33 | |
| 12143790873 | What are three factors that influence the rate of photosynthesis? | water, temperature, and intensity of light | 34 | |
| 12143790874 | How does water affect photosynthesis? | a shortage of water can slow or stop photosynthesis | 35 | |
| 12143790875 | How does temperature affect photosynthesis? | Temperatures lower than 0 degrees Celsius or higher than 35 degrees Celsius can slow photosynthesis | 36 | |
| 12143790876 | How does the intensity of light affect photosynthesis? | increasing light intensity increases the rate of photosynthesis | 37 | |
| 12143790877 | What is the cellular respiration equation? | 6O2+C6H12O6 --> 6CO2+6H2O+energy | 38 | |
| 12143790878 | Where does glycolysis take place? | cytoplasm | 39 | |
| 12143790879 | Where does the Krebs Cycle take place? | mitochondria | 40 | |
| 12143790880 | Where does the electron transport chain take place? | mitochondria | 41 | |
| 12143790881 | What happens during glycolysis? | one molecule of glucose is broken in half, producing two molecules of pyruvic acid, a 3-carbon compound | 42 | |
| 12143790882 | What happens during the Krebs Cycle? | pyruvic acid is broken down into carbon dioxide in a series of energy-extracting reactions | 43 | |
| 12143790883 | What happens during the electron transport chain? | high-energy electrons from the Krebs cycle are used to convert ADP into ATP | 44 | |
| 12143790884 | What materials enter the cytoplasm for glycolysis? | glucose and 2 ATP molecules | 45 | |
| 12143790885 | What materials enter the mitochondria for the Krebs Cycle? | pyruvic acid | 46 | |
| 12143790886 | What materials enter the mitochondria for the electron transport chain? | high energy electrons from NADH and FADH2 | 47 | |
| 12143790887 | What are the products of glycolysis? | pyruvic acid | 48 | |
| 12143790888 | What are the products of the Krebs Cycle? | carbon dioxide, ATP, and high energy electron carriers | 49 | |
| 12143790889 | What are the products of the electron transport chain? | ATP | 50 | |
| 12143790890 | What materials move on from glycolysis to the Krebs Cycle? | pyruvic acid | 51 | |
| 12143790891 | What materials move on from the Krebs Cycle to the electron transport chain? | high energy electrons | 52 | |
| 12143790892 | What are two specific electron carriers used in cell respiration? | NAD+ and FAD | 53 | |
| 12143790893 | How much ATP is made in glycolysis? | 4 ATP molecules | 54 | |
| 12143790894 | How much ATP is made in the Krebs Cycle? | 1 molecule | 55 | |
| 12143790895 | How much ATP is made in the electron transport chain? | 3 molecules | 56 | |
| 12143790896 | When does fermentation occur? | when no oxygen is present | 57 | |
| 12143790897 | How much ATP is made in fermentation? | 2 molecules | 58 | |
| 12143790898 | What is alcoholic fermentation? | process used by microorganisms to produce energy | 59 | |
| 12143790899 | What is lactic acid fermentation? | process that regenerates NAD+ to allow glycolysis to continue when oxygen is not present | 60 | |
| 12143790900 | What organisms use alcoholic fermentation? | yeasts and other microorganisms | 61 | |
| 12143790901 | What organisms use lactic acid fermentation? | humans and animals | 62 | |
| 12143790902 | what energy producing process occurs primarily when quick energy is needed? | lactic acid fermentation | 63 | |
| 12143790903 | What energy producing process occurs primarily when long-tern energy is needed? | cellular respiration | 64 | |
| 12143790904 | How do photosynthesis and cellular respiration compare to each other? | their equations are the inverse of each other | 65 | |
| 12143790905 | Do cells grow in size? | yes, when preparing to divide | 66 | |
| 12143790906 | Is there a limit to how large cells can grow? | yes | 67 | |
| 12143790907 | What are the major stages in the cell cycle? | interphase, mitosis, and cytokinesis | 68 | |
| 12143790908 | What are the three phases of interphase? | G1, S, and G2 | 69 | |
| 12143790909 | What happens during the G1 phase of interphase? | cells increase in size and synthesize new proteins and organelles | 70 | |
| 12143790910 | What happens during the S phase of interphase? | chromosomes are replicated and the synthesis of DNA molecules takes place | 71 | |
| 12143790911 | What happens during the G2 phase of interphase? | many of the organelles and molecules required for cell division are produced | 72 | |
| 12143790912 | What stage does a cell enter when it stops preparing for division? | G0 | 73 | |
| 12143790913 | What are the 4 stages of mitosis? | Prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase | 74 | |
| 12143790914 | What happens during the prophase of mitosis? | The chromosomes condense and become visible and the nucleus disappears | 75 | |
| 12143790915 | What happens during the metaphase of mitosis? | the chromosomes line up across the center of the cell | 76 | |
| 12143790916 | What happens during the anaphase of mitosis? | the chromosomes split and go to opposite sides of the cell | 77 | |
| 12143790917 | What happens during the telophase of mitosis? | the chromosomes being to disperse and a nuclear envelope re-forms around each cluster of chromosomes | 78 | |
| 12143790918 | What happens during cytokinesis? | the cytoplasm divides | 79 | |
| 12143790919 | How is cytokinesis different between plant and animal cells? | in animal cells, the cytoplasm pinches, but in plant cells, the cell plate form between the divided nuclei | 80 | |
| 12143790920 | What regulates the cell cycle? | cyclins and other regulatory proteins located inside and outside the cell | 81 | |
| 12143790921 | What is cancer? | disorder in which some of the body's own cells lose the ability to control growth | 82 | |
| 12143790922 | What are some causes of cancer? | smoking, alcohol abuse, obesity, lack of exercise | 83 |
